Abstract: The efficacy of a passivating layer in a rechargeable lithium ion cell is increased by heating the charged cell and storing the charged cell for a pre-determined period of time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell and a related state of charge indicator comprising an electrochemically generated display. The state of charge indicator comprises two electrical contacts and an electrochemically generated display connected therebetween. The display comprises an electrochemical cell that may be permanently connected to a main cell in a parallel configuration via the contacts. The condition of the main cell may thus be continuously displayed on the indicator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell and a related state of charge indicator comprising an electrochemically generated display. The state of charge indicator comprises two electrical contacts and an electrochemically generated display connected therebetween. The display comprises an electrochemical cell that may be permanently connected to a main cell in a parallel configuration via the contacts. The condition of the main cell may thus be continuously displayed on the indicator.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell is provided with an integrally related state of charge indicator comprising an electrochemically generated display. The state of charge indicator comprises two electrical contacts and an electrochemically generated display connected therebetween. The display comprises an electrochemical cell that is permanently connected to the cell in a parallel configuration via the contacts. The condition of the cell is thus continuously displayed.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrochemical cell having a solid active cathode, an active metal anode and a low vapor pressure highly conductive electrolyte comprising a liquid solvate-complex of sulfur dioxide (SO.sub.2) and an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt soluble therein such as those having a Group 3A element halide anion with the ratio of salt to SO.sub.2 in said electrolyte ranging from about 1:1 to 1:7.

Abstract: A method of making an anode, for an electrochemical cell, comprising an anode active ductile metal foil such as lithium and a metal foil substrate. To achieve proper adhesion between the metal foil substrate and the active metal foil the metal foil substrate is impressed with indentations, such as with a knurled roller, either when in contact with the active metal foil (with the anode metal foil being indented as well) or prior thereto. In the latter embodiment the active metal foil is compressed onto the indented metal foil substrate.

Abstract: A novel inorganic non-aqueous electrochemical cell having an alkali or alkaline earth metal anode, an inorganic electrolyte comprised of an SO.sub.2 solvent with an alkali or alkaline earth metal halide salt of aluminum, tantalum niobium or antimony, dissolved in the SO.sub.2 and a cathode comprised of a carbonaceous material having an apparent bulk density in excess of 5 lb/ft.sup.3 (80 gm/l). Lower bulk density carbonaceous material may, however, be used in electrolytes having high salt concentrations. Ketjenblack EC (furnace black) carbonaceous material may be admixed with a solid cathode active material which is substantially insoluble in the SO.sub.2 electrolyte to provide a high primary cell capacity and an effectively rechargeable cell. There is no SO.sub.2 per se discharge in the cell.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrochemical cell having an alkali or alkaline earth metal anode, an inorganic electrolyte comprised of an electrolyte salt and sulfur dioxide and a cathode comprised of PbCl.sub.2.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrochemical cell having an alkali or alkaline earth metal anode, an inorganic electrolyte comprised of an electrolyte salt and sulfur dioxide and a cathode comprised of NiCl.sub.2.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrochemical cell having an alkali or alkaline earth metal anode, an inorganic electrolyte comprised of an electrolyte salt and sulfur dioxide and a cathode comprised of CoCl.sub.2.

Abstract: A non-aqeous electrochemical cell having an alkali or alkaline earth metal anode, an inorganic electrolyte comprised of an electrolyte salt and sulfur dioxide and a cathode comprised of FeBr.sub.3.

Abstract: A rechargeable non-aqueous electrochemical cell with a complex electrolyte salt such as a complex of an alkali metal salt and an ether.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for in situ reduction of cathode overvoltage in electrolytic cells. The method involves introducing low overvoltage or noble metal ions into the catholyte solution and plating those ions on the cathode in situ. The apparatus includes a low overvoltage or noble metal ion generating device for introducing low overvoltage or noble metal ions into the cathode solution so as to plate them in situ on the cathode during or prior to cell operation.

Abstract: A low overvoltage cathode is disclosed which has a metal substrate plated with a porous coating of dendritic copper which is in turn plated with a low overvoltage metal alloy. The substrate is preferably copper and the low overvoltage alloy is preferably a Ni-Mo alloy.

Abstract: A highly conductive and corrosion resistant low hydrogen overvoltage cathode. The cathode comprises a copper substrate plated with an alloy of nickel and molybdenum.

Abstract: An electrolytic cell having auxiliary circuit means for applying a cathodic protection current to cathode and exposed metal parts to help prevent corrosion thereof during cell shut-down.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the overvoltage of a gas producing electrode of a chlor-alkali diaphragm cell is disclosed. The method includes positioning an exposed metal tip of a reference electrode from about 0.2 to about 1.0 mm away from the gas producing electrode within a stream of gas produced by the gas producing electrode. The apparatus includes the reference electrode so positioned. Platinized platinum wire and a RuO.sub.2 --TiO.sub.2 coated Ti wire are preferred as the reference electrodes for cathode and anode, respectively.

Abstract: A highly conductive and corrosion resistant low hydrogen overvoltage cathode. The cathode comprises a copper substrate plated with an alloy of nickel and molybdenum.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for in situ reduction of cathode overvoltage in electrolytic cells. The method involves introducing low overvoltage or noble metal ions into the catholyte solution and plating those ions on the cathode in situ. The apparatus includes a low overvoltage or noble metal ion generating device for introducing low overvoltage or noble metal ions into the cathode solution so as to plate them in situ on the cathode during or prior to cell operation.

Abstract: A low overvoltage cathode is disclosed which has a metal substrate plated with a porous coating of dendritic copper which is in turn plated with a low overvoltage metal alloy. The substrate is preferably copper and the low overvoltage alloy is preferably a Ni-Mo alloy.