Abstract: Provided are a method of tuning a coding rate and applying an unequal error protection for an adaptive video transmission, and a video transmission/reception apparatus using the method. The video transmission apparatus may include: a coding rate tuner to predict, as a channel capacity of a subsequent channel interval, an estimated channel capacity value fed back from the video reception apparatus, and to tune video and channel coding rates within the predicted channel capacity; a video encoder to perform video encoding of video frames at the tuned video coding rate, and to generate a video packet; and a forward error correction (FEC) encoder to apply the unequal error protection based on a length of the video packet and a type of the video frames included in the video packet, and to perform channel encoding of the video packet at the tuned channel coding rate to generate a bitstream.

Abstract: An apparatus for authoring data in a communication system includes: an extraction unit configured to receive media corresponding to contents and extract contents information regarding the contents from the received media; a generation unit configured to generate a DMB ECG XML-based metadata comprising the extracted contents information; and a processing unit configured to visualize particulars of the DMB ECG XML-based metadata through a user interface and process the user interface so that the DMB ECG XML-based metadata is generated and edited on a template.

Abstract: A power circuit for reducing a leakage power using a negative voltage is provided. The power circuit includes a current source including a transistor including a gate. The power circuit further includes a current source control circuit connected to the gate of the transistor, and configured to apply a positive voltage to the gate of the transistor if the current source is to operate in an active mode, and apply the negative voltage to the gate of the transistor if the current source is to operate in an inactive mode.

Abstract: A membrane-electrode assembly for a fuel cell including a first substrate and a second substrate and a catalyst layer between the first substrate and the second substrate is provided, where the first substrate is a polymer electrolyte membrane and the second substrate is a electrode substrate, or the first substrate is the electrode substrate and the second substrate is the polymer electrolyte membrane. The catalyst layer has a h1/t1 ratio of about 0.5 or more, where s1 represents a point on the first substrate at one end of the catalyst layer, h1 represents a distance between the first substrate and the second substrate, s2 represents a point on the first substrate closest to s1 at which a height (h) of the catalyst layer becomes h1, and t1 represents the distance between the s1 and the s2. The membrane-electrode assembly can include a greater amount of catalyst by decreasing a shadow effect, and thereby increasing its energy density.

Abstract: There is a provided a method for providing contents referencing information (CRI) for personal data broadcasting service, including the steps of: searching a program identifier (PID) having a CRI section, and searching a container having a specific identifier; extracting container data from the searched container; searching a CRI structure which indicates a contents referencing information identifier (CRID) list from the extracted container data; searching and extracting CRID data based on a CRID data container which represents an identifier of the container having the CRID data in the CRID list of the searched CRI structure; and searching and extracting result data for the extracted CRID from a result locator.

Abstract: Provided is a Forward Error Correction (FEC) encoding method of a variable-length packet using a three-dimensional (3D) storage apparatus. In the FEC encoding method, an FEC coding may be performed to calculate a corresponding parity packet while an input data packet is imaginarily connected to the 3D storage apparatus having a predetermined storage width and data area height to be arranged, the calculated parity packet may be stored and arranged in a vertical direction and a depth direction of the 3D storage apparatus, and an expansion data packet including both information for restoration of a data packet and the data packet may be transmitted together with the parity packet.

Abstract: Provided are a content writing apparatus and a content playback apparatus. The content writing apparatus may regard, as a single media file, a plurality of Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)-2 Transport Streams (TSs), may form a scene in a scene descriptor, such as a BInary Format for Scene (BIFS) or a Lightweight Application Scene Representation (LASeR), and may record the formed scene and the plurality of MPEG-2 TSs, as a media file in an International Standards Organization (ISO) format. The content playback apparatus may extract a scene from the media file in the ISO format, and may play back the extracted scene.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for an eye contact using composition of a front view image, the apparatus including: an image acquiring unit to acquire a multi-camera image; a preprocessing unit to preprocess the acquired multi-camera image; a depth information search unit to search for depth information of the preprocessed multi-camera image; and an image composition unit to compose the front view image using the found depth information.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of encoding and decoding an Extensible Markup Language (XML) document using a path code is provided. A method of encoding an XML document, the method including: searching the XML document for all element tags and all attributes including character data; extracting an XPath of each of the retrieved element tags and attributes; converting the extracted XPath into a predetermined path code; and expressing an occurrence indicator of each of all element tags included in the converted XPath.

Abstract: A remote gaze tracking apparatus and method for controlling an Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) are provided. An entire image including a facial region of a user may be acquired using a visible ray, the facial region may be detected from the acquired entire image, and a face width, a distance between eyes, and a distance between an eye and a screen may be acquired from the detected facial region. Additionally, an enlarged eye image corresponding to a face of the user may be acquired using at least one of the acquired face width, the acquired distance between the eyes, and the acquired distance between the eye and the screen, and an eye gaze of the user may be tracked using the acquired eye image.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for providing user interaction are provided. The apparatus for providing user interaction includes an input unit configured to receive control by a user; a control processing unit configured to analyze the control and generate drag event information including event type information indicating a type of the control and event attribute information; and an action processing unit configured to generate drag element information for showing an action corresponding to the control on a display. The drag element information includes action mode information indicating a mode of the action and action attribute information. The proposed method and apparatus make it possible to apply various data formats defined by existing standard specifications to other standard specifications and interaction devices.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a system and a method for providing multimedia services capable of providing various types of multimedia contents and information sensed at multi-points to users at a high rate and in real time at the time of providing the multimedia contents and sense scene representation and sensory effects for multimedia contents corresponding to multimedia services through the multi-points according to service requests of the multimedia services that users want to receive, encode and transmit the sensed information for scene representation and sensory effects with binary representation according to the sensing, transmit device command data for the sensed scene representation and sensory effects, drive and control user devices according the device command data to provide the scene representation and the sensory effects for the multimedia contents to the users.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device and method of updating Structured Information (SI). The device and the method may define a standard for updating SI based on information described in Presentation Information (PI) and may update the SI based on the defined standard.

Abstract: An apparatus for authoring data in a communication system includes: an extraction unit configured to receive media corresponding to contents and extract contents information regarding the contents from the received media; a generation unit configured to generate a DMB ECG XML-based metadata comprising the extracted contents information; and a processing unit configured to visualize particulars of the DMB ECG XML-based metadata through a user interface and process the user interface so that the DMB ECG XML-based metadata is generated and edited on a template.

Abstract: Provided is a Forward Error Correction (FEC) encoding method of a variable-length packet using a three-dimensional (3D) storage apparatus. In the FEC encoding method, an FEC coding may be performed to calculate a corresponding parity packet while an input data packet is imaginarily connected to the 3D storage apparatus having a predetermined storage width and data area height to be arranged, the calculated parity packet may be stored and arranged in a vertical direction and a depth direction of the 3D storage apparatus, and an expansion data packet including both information for restoration of a data packet and the data packet may be transmitted together with the parity packet.

Abstract: A method for performing presentation with reference to structured information existing in an internal or external is defined. A scene presentation device may present a scene with reference to the structured information based on the defined method.

Abstract: Provided are a method of tuning a coding rate and applying an unequal error protection for an adaptive video transmission, and a video transmission/reception apparatus using the method. The video transmission apparatus may include: a coding rate tuner to predict, as a channel capacity of a subsequent channel interval, an estimated channel capacity value fed back from the video reception apparatus, and to tune video and channel coding rates within the predicted channel capacity; a video encoder to perform video encoding of video frames at the tuned video coding rate, and to generate a video packet; and a forward error correction (FEC) encoder to apply the unequal error protection based on a length of the video packet and a type of the video frames included in the video packet, and to perform channel encoding of the video packet at the tuned channel coding rate to generate a bitstream.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for storing and playing back an MPEG-2 TS based on an ISO-based media file format. The method includes: storing a target MPEG-2 TS in an mdat box of the ISO-based media file format; and dividing the MPEG-2 TS by samples through time information, location information, size information, and Program Map Table (PMT) related information for random access and describing the divided samples in an moov box of the ISO based media file format.

Abstract: Provided are method and apparatus for generating a digital multimedia broadcasting application format. The apparatus includes: generating metadata for DMB contents; and combining the generated metadata and the DMB contents, wherein the metadata includes copyright information for the metadata, user information for a user who consumes the DMB contents, and package table information for describing a package related to the DMB contents.

Abstract: Provided is a service recognition method of a router in IPv6 environment, allowing a router to facilitate access of a mobile terminal to various services by using service information of a service header and identification information of the mobile terminal included in an IPv6 packet transmitted from the mobile terminal. The service recognition method includes: a) looking up predefined service cache by using service identification of IPv6 packet as index key of the service cache when the IPv6 packet including the service ID in a service header is received from the mobile terminal; b) changing destination address into address of the service server when the address of the service server and service control information are determined through the lookup of the service-cache to request service and perform service control; and c) routing to the mobile terminal by using the IPv6 packet when service response is transmitted from the service server.