Abstract: A method for beacon information provisioning, transmissions and protocol enhancements includes defining multiple level beacons based on the attributes of beacon information fields/elements. A short beacon may be used in addition to a primary beacon in space-time block code (STBC) modes, non-STBC modes and in multiple bandwidth modes. The short beacons may also be used for Fast Initial Link Setup (FILS) and to extend system coverage range. Beacon transmissions may use adaptive modulation and coding set/scheme (MCS).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for use in an IEEE 802.11 root access point (AP) are provided. The method may comprise transmitting, from the root AP to the R-AP, an indication of a number of end-STAs which the R-AP is allowed to associate with. A first message may be received, from the R-AP that enables the root AP to associate the end-STA with the R-AP, the first message including: an indication of a number of information fields in the first message and a number of information fields identified by the indication of the number of information fields. Each information field may include a unique identifier associated with a respective indicated end-STA associated with the R-AP. A second message may be transmitted for the end-STA, from the root AP to the R-AP, and the second message may include the unique identifier.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for multi-resolution training, for example, in millimeter wave (mmW) WLAN systems. In a Multi-Resolution Beam Refinement Protocol (MR-BRP), an access point (AP)/PBSS control point (PCP) and a station (STA) may perform multi-resolution beamforming training, for example, by changing a sub-beam resolution or by maintaining sub-beam resolution while changing a resolution of the beamforming training between levels or stages of training. Sub-beam resolution may be changed, for example, by assigning different angular spreads to or by downselecting a number of antenna elements while keeping inter-element spacing constant between levels of training. Resolution of beamforming training may be changed, for example, by downsampling sub-beams or by downsampling antenna elements while adjusting inter-element spacing. Beamforming training (e.g. refinement) levels may refine beams by changing a resolution of antenna weight vectors (AWVs).

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are related to multi-user parallel channel access (MU-PCA). For example, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) is provided that is one of a plurality of WTRUs operable to simultaneously communicate via a plurality of channels managed by an access point (AP). The WTRU includes a receiver configured to receive, from the AP, over at least one channel of the plurality of channels, a group poll (G-Poll) message that includes a resource allocation that indicates at least one allocated channel of the plurality of channels for the WTRU; and a transmitter configured to transmit an uplink request message, to the AP in response to the G-Poll message, over the at least one allocated channel of the plurality of channels, the uplink request message corresponding to uplink data the WTRU has for transmission to the AP.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described herein for determining a transmit power based on clear channel assessment (CCA) thresholds. A station (STA) associated with a first Basic Service Set (BSS) may receive, from an access point (AP) associated with the first BSS, a clear channel assessment (CCA) value for a group of STAs associated with a second BSS. The CCA value may indicate a minimum CCA threshold for a packet received from the second BSS. The STA may then determine, based on the CCA value, a STA specific CCA parameter and a target CCA parameter. The target CCA parameter may be greater than or equal to the STA specific CCA parameter. Based on the STA specific CCA parameter and the target CCA parameter, the STA may determine a target transmit power control (TPC) parameter of the STA, wherein the sum of target TPC parameter and target CCA parameter is constant.

Abstract: Presently disclosed are systems and methods for beamforming training in WLANs. In various embodiments, there are unified MIMO beamforming training procedure, which includes a training period in which an initiator transmits multiple unified training frames for performing a transmit-beamforming training of the initiator and a receive-beamforming training of one or more responders; a feedback period in which each responder replies with a beamforming-feedback response; and an acknowledgement period during which the initiator transmits respective acknowledgement frames to the one or more responders from which responses were received. Rules for restricted random access in various slots of the feedback period may be implemented, to address response contention between multiple qualifying responders.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may generate a first signal that utilizes a tail suppression signal generated from data and utilizes a first unique word. Elements of the data and the first signal may be mapped to one or more discrete Fourier transform spread (DFT-S) functions. An inverse DFT on symbols generated by the one or more DFT-S functions may be performed to generate a second signal for transmission.

Abstract: A STA may perform packet detection to detect a packet and decode a legacy preamble of the detected packet including a legacy short training field (L-STF), a legacy long training field (L-LTF), and a legacy signal (L-SIG) field. The STA may decode a high efficiency signal A (HE-SIG-A) field to obtain a first partial association identifier (PAID) comprising group information. If the decoded group information matches group information stored in a memory of the STA, the STA may decode a high efficiency (HE) preamble and a high efficiency signal B (HE-SIG-B) field of the detected packet. The HE-SIG-B field may include a station identifier within the group. When the group information is combined with the station identifier, the STA may determine an accurate address.

Abstract: To facilitate spatial sharing, signaling may be used. A first node may receive one or more frame exchanges between a second node and a third node, wherein the second node is associate with the third node. The first node may then detect a spatial sharing scenario (SSS) with an overlapping basic service set (BSS) based on the received one or more frame exchanges. Also, the first node may transmit a directional poll request to at least a fourth node associated with the first node based on the detected SSS, and thereby null directional transmissions associated with the second node, the third node or both. The first node may then receive a direction poll response from the fourth node. Further, the first node may transmit one or more directional, beamformed transmissions to the fourth node simultaneously with directional, beamformed transmissions by the second node to the third node.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for range extension, basic service set (BSS) color labeling, and multi-user (MU) fragmentation and control in WLANs. A range extension notification/enablement scheme, a clear channel assessment (CCA), a headroom indication, and/or power scaling may be provided for a range extension mode. BSS color may be provided for multiple-BSSs under an access point (AP). Uplink (UL) transmission may be provided with different fragmentation capabilities. A high-efficiency (HE) trigger-based UL NDP physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) frame may be provided. A station (STA) may receive a trigger frame comprising a null data packet (NDP) indication and a trigger type. The STA may determine that the STA is an intended recipient of the trigger frame. The STA may prepare an NDP PPDU for a control frame and/or a management frame based on the trigger type.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for transmitting a message. For example, a first radio access technology, RAT, and/or a second RAT may be determined. The first RAT may be determined for reception of data. The second RAT may be determined for the reception of the data, perhaps for example based on an indication received via the first RAT. The data may be received via a first node associated with the first RAT and a second node associated with the second RAT.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for protection of multi-user (MU) transmission are described herein. An apparatus includes a receiver, a transmitter and a processor. The receiver and the processor detect a trigger frame for an uplink (UL) multi-user (MU) transmission. The processor and the transmitter generate and send a frame in response to the trigger frame and transmit channel availability information for a plurality of channels in response to the trigger frame. The receiver and the processor detect data in a resource unit (RU) of a downlink (DL) MU physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) on one of the plurality of channels. The one of the plurality of channels is based on the transmitted channel availability information.

Abstract: A station may be used to implement non-linear coding based multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO). The station may include a processor that may be configured to perform a number of actions. For example, the processor may receive a null packet from an access point (AP). Channel feedback may be generated using the null packet. The channel feedback may be sent to the AP. QR dependent information may be received from the AP. Data may be sent to the AP according to the QR dependent information.

Abstract: Methods and systems for operation in a WLAN are provided. Methods and systems for a transmit power control (TPC) scheme are disclosed. In an embodiment, an access point (AP) may send a trigger frame to one or more stations (STAs) for synchronizing and scheduling uplink (UL) multi-user (MU) transmissions. The trigger frame may contain an open-loop power control index 1 and a power adjustment index 2. The one or more STAs may estimate pathloss using an indicated AP transmit power and received power to set a baseline transmit power. The one or more STAs may adjust their transmit power in the UL transmission period to be the indicated target receive power at the AP.

Abstract: Precoding, a symbol permutation operation, or pulse shaping may be used to suppress or cancel a tail or head of a symbol. Precoding may include utilization of a suppression vector. A unique word (UW) may be added to the suppression vector before spreading. The symbol and values of the suppression vector may be spread by a spreading function(s) and may be shaped prior to transmission.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for concurrent link setup and downlink data retrieval, e.g., for high efficiency WLAN. An access point (AP) may send a trigger element that allocates a resource for pre-association transmissions with the AP. The trigger element may allocate the resource for random access and/or deterministic access. The AP may receive, from an unassociated STA, a first frame via one or more resource units (RUs) allocated in the trigger element. The AP may determine a pre-association identifier (PID) that identifies the unassociated STA. The AP may send the PID to the unassociated STA, for example, in the trigger element or in the multi-STA ACK. The AP may send a second frame associated with a multi-user (MU) transmission that includes the PID. The AP may send a trigger frame that includes the PID.

Abstract: Systems, methods and instrumentalities are disclosed to enable time domain null-forming. An access point (AP) may be configured to send a channel training request to a station (STA). The AP may be configured to receive a channel training packet in response to the channel training request. The channel training packet may include a legacy long training field (LTF). The AP may estimate the channel. The channel estimation may be computed using the legacy LTF. The AP may compute a null-forming vector using the channel estimation. The AP may use the null-forming vector to precode the entire packet.

Abstract: Systems, methods and instrumentalities are disclosed to transmission scheduling. A station (STA) in its own basic service set (BSS) receiving a transmission frame from an overlapping BSS (OBSS). The STA may decode preamble of the received transmission frame. The STA may determine, for example, using the decoded preamble that OBSS information and transmit scheme associated with the OBSS. On a condition that the transmit scheme associated with the OBSS is orthogonal frequency divisional multiple access (OFDMA), the STA in its own BSS may indicate to its access point (AP) that one or more channels or sub-channels that are available or not available for transmission. On a condition that the transmit scheme determined from the preamble of the transmission frame is orthogonal frequency divisional multiplexing (OFDM), the STA may determine that a channel is not available for transmission. The STA may set the channel to busy or idle.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described to implement an interference management method in a WLAN. An access point (AP) or an inter-BSS coordinator (IBC) may identify a station (STA) associated with a first basic service set (BSS) as an edge STA or a non-edge STA The AP or the IBC may group the edge STA into an edge group and a non-edge STA into a non-edge group. The AP or the IBC may receive information associated with a second BSS. The AP or the IBC may coordinate access of the edge group and/or the non-edge group. The access may be coordinated to minimize interference of the edge STA. The access may be based at least on the received information associated with the second BSS The AP or the IBC may adjust transmit power of a plurality of STAs identified as edge group STAs and non-edge group STAs.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems to enable a channel estimation of more than one channel for Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) communications in a wireless network is provided. The method includes determining a first set of complex numbers comprising first channel estimation signal associated with a first channel, determining a second set of complex numbers comprising second channel estimation signal associated with a second channel, and transmitting the first set of complex numbers and the second set of complex numbers via a physical layer (PHY) frame, wherein the second set of complex numbers are complex conjugates of the first set of complex numbers.