Abstract: A network subscriber comprises a plurality of individual functional units, each individual functional unit comprising an application interface. The network subscriber further comprises a network subscriber comprises at least a shared functional unit, a first interface for establishing a physical connection and a second interface for establishing a further physical connection.

Abstract: A method for operating a node in a communications network comprises the following steps: The node receives a reference time via the communications network. A transmit clock of the node, which was determined for an earlier clock cycle on the basis of a local clock of the node, is compared with the reference time. The local clock of the node is corrected on the basis of the comparison result. On the basis of the corrected local clock a transmit clock is determined to be used by the node for the current clock cycle.

Abstract: In a network, a control node is connected to a plurality of network subscribers via a closed ring-shaped data path, wherein the network subscribers form a chain, starting from the control node, with a head subscriber as a termination for the chain. The ring-shaped data path transits through the network subscribers on an outbound route and an inbound route, wherein the network subscribers are designed to perform data interchange both on the outbound route and on the inbound route with data messages circulating on the ring-shaped data path. The control node is additionally designed such that it outputs data messages with an identifier on the data path, wherein the head subscriber has a filter function to use a prescribed identifier to block the further transport of data messages with the corresponding identifier on the inbound route following transit of data messages through the head subscriber on the outbound route.

Abstract: A method for operating a network that has a network subscriber that is connected to a superordinate bus and to a subordinate bus comprises steps for the reception of a first superordinate data message by the network subscriber via the superordinate bus, the extraction of first data from the first superordinate data message by the network subscriber and for the transmission of a first subordinate data message by the network subscriber via the subordinate bus. In one case, the first subordinate data message comprises the first data.

Abstract: A data network comprises a master, a network distributor and a plurality of network users. The network distributor is connected to a master data path, a first and a second user data path. A method for transferring data telegrams in this data network includes the reception of a first master data telegram sent by the master through the network distributor, the compilation transfer of a first and a second transmission data telegram through the network distributor, and the reception of a first and a second reception data telegram through the network distributor. Further, the network distributor compiles a second master data telegram and transfers it to the master. In this connection, an access indicator of the second master data telegram represents accesses of the network user to the first master data telegram, the first and second transmission data telegrams as well as the first and second reception data telegrams.

Abstract: A method for operating a communication network comprising a master and a number of subscribers. A message comprising a data field is transmitted by the master, wherein at least one of the subscribers, on receiving the message, reads data out of the data field of the message, and forwards the message to at least one other one of the subscribers after the readout, and wherein the at least one other one of the subscribers, on receiving the message, writes data into the data field.

Abstract: A circuit for uninterruptible power supply, wherein the circuit can be connected to an energy supply and a load and includes a capacitive energy store, a changeover switch, a charging device, a charging control device, a voltage monitoring device, and a discharge device.

Abstract: A packet switching device comprises a network interface configured to send and receive data packets via a communication network, a plurality of string interfaces configured to transmit and receive data packets to/from a plurality of participants and a switching unit connected to the network interface and to the plurality of string interfaces. The a switching unit comprises a control unit configured to control a data throughput. The control unit comprises an interface association table which determines that data packets received via the network interface are mandatorily outputted via the string interfaces and the data packets received via the string interfaces are mandatorily outputted via the network interface.

Abstract: A circuit for uninterruptible power supply, wherein the circuit can be connected to an energy supply and a load and includes a capacitive energy store, a changeover switch, a charging device, a charging control device, a voltage monitoring device, and a discharge device.

Abstract: An interface unit is provided for a communication system comprising a master unit and a plurality of slave units serially connecting the master unit via a double ring structure comprising a first communication path and a second communication path. The interface unit comprises a first switching unit, which is configured to output information signals received by the master unit as a first information signal to the first communication path and as a second information signal to the second communication path; and a second switching unit, which is configured to forward the first information signal circulating on the first communication path and second information signal circulating on the second communication path to the master unit.

Abstract: In a serial bus system data in the form of telegrams, representing process images of control tasks of the active station, are transmitted to the connected passive stations, and the process data are allocated to the process images in the passive station.

Abstract: A network coupler is provided between a network, on which Ethernet messages can be transmitted, and a plurality of subscribers, the network being linked to an external interface of the network coupler and the plurality of subscribers being linked in series to a ring-type transmission path via an internal interface of the network coupler. For interchanging data, an Ethernet message received via the external interface of the network coupler is forwarded to the internal Ethernet interface of the network coupler and is output onto the ring-type transmission path, each subscriber connected to the internal interface interchanging the useful data intended for the respective subscriber with the Ethernet message circulating on the ring-type transmission path.

Abstract: When data are sent in the form of Ethernet messages on an Ethernet transmission link using an interface to link a node to the Ethernet transmission link, the data to be sent are converted using a conversion unit in line with a transmission standard of the Ethernet protocol in order to provide Ethernet messages, and a transmission unit is used for ongoing transmission of the provided Ethernet messages, with Ethernet messages being output onto the Ethernet transmission link continuously.

Abstract: In a serial bus system data in the form of telegrams, representing process images of control tasks of the active station, are transmitted to the connected passive stations, and the process data are allocated to the process images in the passive station.

Abstract: A packet switching device comprises a network interface configured to send and receive data packets via a communication network, a plurality of string interfaces configured to transmit and receive data packets to/from a plurality of participants and a switching unit connected to the network interface and to the plurality of string interfaces. The a switching unit comprises a control unit configured to control a data throughput. The control unit comprises an interface association table which determines that data packets received via the network interface are mandatorily outputted via the string interfaces and the data packets received via the string interfaces are mandatorily outputted via the network interface.

Abstract: In a serial bus system data in the form of telegrams, representing process images of control tasks of the active station, are transmitted to the connected passive stations, and the process data are allocated to the process images in the passive station.

Abstract: A method transmits data on a transmission path to which a control unit and several nodes are connected. The control unit cyclically outputs data in the form of telegrams to the transmission path, thereby controlling the transmission process in order to continuously output telegrams during the entire transmission cycle time taking the transmission standard into account. The nodes exchanges data with the telegrams when passing through. Further the control unit subdivides the transmission cycle into a number of subcycles having the same length, the control unit transmitting at least one communication telegram in each subcycle into which a first node may write data for a second node located downstream in the transmission path into the communication telegram when passing through.

Abstract: The invention concerns a data transmission technique for real-time applications and non real-time applications in a communication network comprising several nodes connected by communication channels. The invention is characterized in that the data are cyclically and deterministically transmitted, the data for the real-time applications being processed in priority, such that, during one transmission cycle, all the data for the real-time applications are first sent, then, in the time interval remaining prior to the next transmission cycle, the data for non real-time applications are sent.

Abstract: An interface unit is provided for a communication system comprising a master unit and a plurality of slave units serially connecting the master unit via a double ring structure comprising a first communication path and a second communication path. The interface unit comprises a first switching unit, which is configured to output information signals received by the master unit as a first information signal to the first communication path and as a second information signal to the second communication path; and a second switching unit, which is configured to forward the first information signal circulating on the first communication path and second information signal circulating on the second communication path to the master unit.

Abstract: When data are sent in the form of Ethernet messages on an Ethernet transmission link using an interface to link a node to the Ethernet transmission link, the data to be sent are converted using a conversion unit in line with a transmission standard of the Ethernet protocol in order to provide Ethernet messages, and a transmission unit is used for ongoing transmission of the provided Ethernet messages, with Ethernet messages being output onto the Ethernet transmission link continuously.