Abstract: Inductively coupled antennas and methods of designing the same are disclosed. Electrically small antennas having relatively high efficiency and relatively broad bandwidth may be formed by inductively coupling an antenna loop to at least one antenna winding. Such antennas may be substantially planar. Various operating characteristics of such antennas may be adjustable by and/or dependent upon the strength of the inductive coupling between an antenna winding and an antenna loop.

Abstract: The use of a genetic algorithm (GA) to design patch shapes of microstrip antennas for multi-band applications is disclosed. A full-wave electromagnetic solver is used to predict the performance of microstrip antennas with arbitrary patch shapes. Two-dimensional chromosomes are used to encode each patch shape into a binary map. GA with two-point crossover and geometrical filtering is implemented to achieve efficient optimization. The GA-optimized designs are built on a solid substrate (e.g., FR-4). The patch shape may be further optimized to broaden the bandwidth at one or more of the frequencies. In addition to multi-band operation in frequency, designs based on other objectives, including size miniaturization and/or circular polarization are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for displaying text information in different sort orders. The method comprises the steps of selecting one of a plurality of sort order criteria; sorting a plurality of string objects based on the selected sort order; and displaying the string objects in selected sort order. The string objects may further be divided into groups, and the string objects of the selected group are displayed in a manner that is different from the manner of displaying the string objects of other groups or the cursor is move to the location of string objects of the selected group. The user may use different sort orders and groups to find out the desired record.