Abstract: An electronic system includes system memory having N interleaved channels, where N is not a power of two. A hardware-implemented method for the electronic system includes receiving a request to access the system memory, the request including an M-bit address; and processing the address to calculate a modulo N of the address without performing division-by-N. The modulo N of the address is calculated as [?iaimodN*2bimodN]modN, where ?iai*2bi represents the M-bit address, ai is an ith word in the address, and 2bi is a power of two associated with the ith word. The method further includes using the modulo N of the address as an offset to determine which of the N interleaved channels to access.

Abstract: An electronic system includes system memory having N interleaved channels, where N is not a power of two. A hardware-implemented method for the electronic system includes receiving a request to access the system memory. The request includes an M-bit address. The method further includes processing the address to calculate a modulo N of the address without performing division-by-N. The modulo N of the address is calculated as [?i ai mod N*2bi mod N]mod N, where ?i ai*2bi represents the M-bit address, ai is an ith word in the address, 2bi is a power of two associated with the ith word, and modulo N of 2bi=1 for all i. In a first level of processing, ai(mod N) for each i is calculated to produce a number P of remainders. At least one intermediate level of processing is performed to reduce the P remainders to a single intermediate word, where each intermediate level of processing includes forming word groups from the remainders of the previous level and performing modulo N operations on the word groups.

Abstract: An electronic system includes an interconnect for a plurality of cores. A directory-based cache coherence method for the electronic system includes receiving a request transaction including a plurality of writes; sending a request for ownership of a window of cache lines corresponding to the writes; granting ownership to the cache lines without regard for order; and committing the write that is oldest once ownership has been granted to its corresponding cache line.

Abstract: In a multi-core electronic system, a directory-based method of processing a request transaction includes, upon receipt of the request transaction, communicating with a plurality of directories to acquire ownership of cache lines to establish a single point of serialization. Write data is thereafter streamed to owned cache lines in at least two targets in parallel while keeping ordered write observation. The writes to the at least two targets are processed out of order but observed in order.

Abstract: In a multi-core electronic system, a directory-based method of processing a request transaction includes, upon receipt of the request transaction, communicating with a plurality of directories to acquire ownership of cache lines to establish a single point of serialization. Write data is thereafter streamed to owned cache lines in at least two targets in parallel while keeping ordered write observation. The writes to the at least two targets are processed out of order but observed in order.

Abstract: Disclosed are a storage device and method, an electronic device, and a storage medium. The device includes: a first splitting logical module for splitting a first access command into at least two second access commands based on an access address of the first access command; and at least two storage array modules, each of which is configured to perform a corresponding access operation based on one of the at least two second access commands of the first splitting logical module. According to the embodiments, the first access command with relatively long burst is split into second access commands with smaller granularity, and the at least two storage array modules are parallel accessed, whereby the at least two storage array modules can respond in parallel, effectively reducing response time of the first access command and access time of each master when parallel access of masters exists, then improving access efficiency.

Abstract: Capabilities and features of a modem are specified in accordance with descriptions of applications to be executed on the modem. The specification of the modem using individual applications enables the verification of intended performance based on the individual applications, simplifying the testing and assuring of the modem. To that end, a method implemented by a cloud computing resource (CCR) includes receiving, by the CCR, a description of an application supported by a modem. A dataflow fragment (DFF) for the application is generated by the CCR and is stored by the CCR in a memory, The DFF is retrieved and provided to the modem based on a description of the modem.

Abstract: It is possible to reduce the latency attributable to memory protection in shared memory systems by performing access protection at a central Data Ownership Manager (DOM), rather than at distributed memory management units in the central processing unit (CPU) elements (CEs) responsible for parallel thread processing. In particular, the DOM may monitor read requests communicated over a data plane between the CEs and a memory controller, and perform access protection verification in parallel with the memory controller's generation of the data response. The DOM may be separate and distinct from both the CEs and the memory controller, and therefore may generally be able to make the access determination without interfering with data plane processing/generation of the read requests and data responses exchanged between the memory controller and the CEs.

Abstract: It is possible to reduce the latency attributable to memory protection in shared memory systems by performing access protection at a central Data Ownership Manager (DOM), rather than at distributed memory management units in the central processing unit (CPU) elements (CEs) responsible for parallel thread processing. In particular, the DOM may monitor read requests communicated over a data plane between the CEs and a memory controller, and perform access protection verification in parallel with the memory controller's generation of the data response. The DOM may be separate and distinct from both the CEs and the memory controller, and therefore may generally be able to make the access determination without interfering with data plane processing/generation of the read requests and data responses exchanged between the memory controller and the CEs.

Abstract: A computation system-on-a-chip (CSoC) includes a first scalable distributed real-time Data Warehousing (sdrDW) engine and a network interface coupled to the first sdrDW engine, where the network interface is coupled to an interconnect, and where the CSoC is configured to transmit a task request over the interconnect to a first networked bulk storage controller (NBSC) requesting that a task be performed on a bulk storage medium.

Abstract: A distributed and shared memory controller (DSMC) comprises at least one building block. comprising a plurality of switches distributed into a plurality of stages; a plurality of master ports coupled to a first stage of the switches; and a plurality of bank controllers with associated memory banks coupled to a last stage of the switches; wherein each of the switches connects to lower stage switches via internal connections, each of the switches of the first stage connects to at least one of the master ports via master connections and each of the switches of the last stage connects to at least one of the bank controllers via memory connections; wherein each of the switches of the first stage connects to second stage switches of a neighboring building block via outward connections and each of the switches of a second stage connects to first stage switches of the neighboring building block via inward connections.

Abstract: It is possible to reduce the latency attributable to memory protection in shared memory systems by performing access protection at a central Data Ownership Manager (DOM), rather than at distributed memory management units in the central processing unit (CPU) elements (CEs) responsible for parallel thread processing. In particular, the DOM may monitor read requests communicated over a data plane between the CEs and a memory controller, and perform access protection verification in parallel with the memory controller's generation of the data response. The DOM may be separate and distinct from both the CEs and the memory controller, and therefore may generally be able to make the access determination without interfering with data plane processing/generation of the read requests and data responses exchanged between the memory controller and the CEs.

Abstract: It is possible to reduce the latency attributable to memory protection in shared memory systems by performing access protection at a central Data Ownership Manager (DOM), rather than at distributed memory management units in the central processing unit (CPU) elements (CEs) responsible for parallel thread processing. In particular, the DOM may monitor read requests communicated over a data plane between the CEs and a memory controller, and perform access protection verification in parallel with the memory controller's generation of the data response. The DOM may be separate and distinct from both the CEs and the memory controller, and therefore may generally be able to make the access determination without interfering with data plane processing/generation of the read requests and data responses exchanged between the memory controller and the CEs.

Abstract: A method, system, and architecture for efficiently accessing data in a memory shared by multiple processor cores that reduces the probability of bank conflicts and decreases latency is provided. In an embodiment, a method for accessing data in a memory includes determining, by a scheduler, a read pattern for reading data from memory to serve requests in a plurality of bank queues, the memory comprising a plurality of memory banks and a plurality of coding banks, the coding banks storing a coded version of at least some of the data stored in the plurality of memory banks; reading a first data from a first memory bank; reading coded data from one of the coding banks; and determining the second data according to the coded data and the first data.

Abstract: A controller for a shared memory is disclosed. The controller comprises a transaction scanner configured to scan-in a plurality of transactions to access the shared memory and to divide the transactions into beat-level memory access commands. The controller also comprises a command super-arbiter comprising a plurality of command arbiters corresponding to a plurality of shared memory blocks in the shared memory. The command super-arbiter is configured to access a quality of service for each of the transactions, arbitrate the beat-level memory access commands associated with the transactions based on the quality of service for each of the plurality of transactions, and dispatch the beat-level memory access commands to the shared memory blocks based on results of arbitrating the beat-level memory access commands.

Abstract: A controller for a shared memory is disclosed. The controller comprises a transaction scanner configured to scan-in a plurality of transactions to access the shared memory and to divide the transactions into beat-level memory access commands. The controller also comprises a command super-arbiter comprising a plurality of command arbiters corresponding to a plurality of shared memory blocks in the shared memory. The command super-arbiter is configured to access a quality of service for each of the transactions, arbitrate the beat-level memory access commands associated with the transactions based on the quality of service for each of the plurality of transactions, and dispatch the beat-level memory access commands to the shared memory blocks based on results of arbitrating the beat-level memory access commands.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a first request, from a first master core, to access data in one of a plurality of memory banks. It is determined whether an access to the data is stalled by virtue of a second request, from a second master core, to access the data in the one of the plurality of memory banks, the second request currently being serviced. In response to a determination that the access to the requested data is stalled, the first request is serviced by accessing data in one of a plurality of coding banks, each coding bank smaller in size than each memory bank.

Abstract: A distributed and shared memory controller (DSMC) comprises at least one building block. comprising a plurality of switches distributed into a plurality of stages; a plurality of master ports coupled to a first stage of the switches; and a plurality of bank controllers with associated memory banks coupled to a last stage of the switches; wherein each of the switches connects to lower stage switches via internal connections, each of the switches of the first stage connects to at least one of the master ports via master connections and each of the switches of the last stage connects to at least one of the bank controllers via memory connections; wherein each of the switches of the first stage connects to second stage switches of a neighboring building block via outward connections and each of the switches of a second stage connects to first stage switches of the neighboring building block via inward connections.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for dynamic coding of memory regions are described. A described technique includes monitoring accesses to a group of memory regions, each region including two or more portions of a group of data banks; detecting a high-access memory region based on whether accesses to a region of the group of memory regions exceeds a threshold; generating coding values of a coding region corresponding to the high-access memory region, the high-access memory region including data values distributed across the group of banks; and storing the coding values of the coding region in a coding bank.

Abstract: It is possible to reduce the latency attributable to memory protection in shared memory systems by performing access protection at a central Data Ownership Manager (DOM), rather than at distributed memory management units in the central processing unit (CPU) elements (CEs) responsible for parallel thread processing. In particular, the DOM may monitor read requests communicated over a data plane between the CEs and a memory controller, and perform access protection verification in parallel with the memory controller's generation of the data response. The DOM may be separate and distinct from both the CEs and the memory controller, and therefore may generally be able to make the access determination without interfering with data plane processing/generation of the read requests and data responses exchanged between the memory controller and the CEs.