Abstract: A driving module is provided. The driving module includes a fixed portion, a movable portion movably connected to the fixed portion and used to hold an optical element having an optical axis, a driving assembly for driving the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion, and a circuit assembly electrically connected to the driving assembly. The circuit assembly includes a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment. The first segment is resilient, plate-shaped, and movable relative to the fixed portion and the movable portion. The second segment is plate-shaped and affixed on the movable portion, wherein a thickness direction of the first segment is different from a thickness direction of the second segment. The third segment is plate-shaped and affixed on the fixed portion, wherein the second segment is movably connected to the third segment through the first segment.

Abstract: A driving mechanism for driving an optical element is provided, including a holder unit, a base unit, and a magnetic element. The holder unit is used to hold the optical element, and the base unit includes a metal substrate and a circuit structure formed on the metal substrate, wherein the circuit structure includes a driving coil. The magnetic element is disposed on the holder unit and corresponds to the driving coil for driving the optical element to move relative to the base unit.

Abstract: A driving module is provided. The driving module includes a fixed portion, a movable portion movably connected to the fixed portion and used to hold an optical element having an optical axis, a driving assembly for driving the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion, and a circuit assembly electrically connected to the driving assembly. The circuit assembly includes a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment. The first segment is resilient, plate-shaped, and movable relative to the fixed portion and the movable portion. The second segment is plate-shaped and affixed on the movable portion, wherein a thickness direction of the first segment is different from a thickness direction of the second segment. The third segment is plate-shaped and affixed on the fixed portion, wherein the second segment is movably connected to the third segment through the first segment.

Abstract: A driving module is provided, including: a fixed portion; a movable portion movably connected to the fixed portion and used to hold an optical element having an optical axis; a driving assembly disposed on the fixed portion or the movable portion for moving the movable portion relative to the fixed portion; and a circuit assembly electrically connected to the driving assembly and including a first segment and a second segment, wherein the first segment is positioned on a first plane, the second segment is positioned on a second plane, the first plane and the second plane are parallel to the optical axis, and the first plane and the second plane are different.

Abstract: A driving module is provided, including: a fixed portion; a movable portion movably connected to the fixed portion and used to hold an optical element having an optical axis; a driving assembly disposed on the fixed portion or the movable portion for moving the movable portion relative to the fixed portion; and a circuit assembly electrically connected to the driving assembly and including a first segment and a second segment, wherein the first segment is positioned on a first plane, the second segment is positioned on a second plane, the first plane and the second plane are parallel to the optical axis, and the first plane and the second plane are different.

Abstract: An optical mechanism is provided. The optical mechanism includes a fixed member, a movable member, an optical element, a first sensing magnet and a first sensing element, wherein the movable member is movably connected to the fixed member, and the optical element is disposed on the movable member. The first sensing magnet corresponds to the optical element and has a first magnetic polar direction. The first sensing element corresponds to the first sensing magnet for detecting the rotation of the first sensing magnet around a first axis direction relative to the fixed member, wherein the first axis is perpendicular to the first magnetic polar direction.

Abstract: A driving mechanism for driving an optical element is provided, including a holder unit, a base unit, and a magnetic element. The holder unit is used to hold the optical element, and the base unit includes a metal substrate and a circuit structure formed on the metal substrate, wherein the circuit structure includes a driving coil. The magnetic element is disposed on the holder unit and corresponds to the driving coil for driving the optical element to move relative to the base unit.

Abstract: An optical mechanism is provided. The optical mechanism includes a fixed member, a movable member, an optical element, a first sensing magnet and a first sensing element, wherein the movable member is movably connected to the fixed member, and the optical element is disposed on the movable member. The first sensing magnet corresponds to the optical element and has a first magnetic polar direction. The first sensing element corresponds to the first sensing magnet for detecting the rotation of the first sensing magnet around a first axis direction relative to the fixed member, wherein the first axis is perpendicular to the first magnetic polar direction.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element unit comprises an element body having internal electrodes laminated with piezoelectric layers therebetween and a pair of external electrodes electrically connected to the internal electrodes and an electric connection part for connecting a wiring part to the external electrodes. The electric connection part is composed of a conductive resin adhesive part and the conductive resin adhesive part is covered by a resin part.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element unit comprises an element body having an active part and an inactive part; and a first resin part bonding one end surface in the laminating direction of the element body to a mounting surface of a joint member placed to face the one end surface. The first resin part covers the mounting surface up to an outer side surface of the element body corresponding to an interface between the active part and the inactive part, a second resin part covers an outer surface of the first resin part covering the outer side surface of the element body at a position corresponding to the interface between the active part and the inactive part, and the second resin part also integrally covers the outer side surface of the element body corresponding to the active part.

Abstract: A laminated piezoelectric device comprising a device body 10 on which a number of piezoelectric layers 2 and internal electrodes 3, 4 are laminated, external electrodes 5, 6 electrically connected to the internal electrodes 3, 4 and formed on the surface of the device body 10, an insulation layer 7 and a resistance layer 8. The insulation layer 7 covers at least a portion wherein internal electrodes 3, 4 are exposed on the surface of the device body 10, where mechanical displacement is generated by applying voltage. The resistance layer 8 is formed to connect between external electrodes 5, 6 and has a lower electric resistance value than the insulation layer 7.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element unit comprises an element body having an active part and an inactive part; and a first resin part bonding one end surface in the laminating direction of the element body to a mounting surface of a joint member placed to face the one end surface. The first resin part covers the mounting surface up to an outer side surface of the element body corresponding to an interface between the active part and the inactive part, a second resin part covers an outer surface of the first resin part covering the outer side surface of the element body at a position corresponding to the interface between the active part and the inactive part, and the second resin part also integrally covers the outer side surface of the element body corresponding to the active part.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element unit comprises an element body having internal electrodes laminated with piezoelectric layers therebetween and a pair of external electrodes electrically connected to the internal electrodes and an electric connection part for connecting a wiring part to the external electrodes. The electric connection part is composed of a conductive resin adhesive part and the conductive resin adhesive part is covered by a resin part.

Abstract: In a negative step-up charge pump circuit according to the present invention, of a plurality of stages of charge transfer transistors and an output transistor, the former-stage transistors are P channel type field effect transistors, and the later-stage transistors are N channel type field effect transistors. With such configuration, it is possible to avoid start-up failure and current driving performance deterioration resulting from an increase in the number of stages of step-up units without complicating processes and increasing the chip size.

Abstract: The invention provides a display apparatus having a temperature sensor and a step-up circuit generating a drive voltage of the display apparatus by stepping up a power source voltage. The temperature sensor provides temperature data indicative of the temperature of the display panel with a reduced measurement error without limiting the operation of the step-up circuit. To do so, in view of the fact that the step-up circuit has alternating active state in which the circuit is stepping up a source voltage to output a required step-up voltage and inactive state in which no stepping operation is made, the temperature sensor is adapted to obtain temperature data while the step-up circuit is inactive. The temperature data obtained is supplied to a temperature compensation means for changing the drive condition setting value that define the drive condition of the display panel to compensate for the temperature change.

Abstract: In a negative step-up charge pump circuit according to the present invention, of a plurality of stages of charge transfer transistors and an output transistor, the former-stage transistors are P channel type field effect transistors, and the later-stage transistors are N channel type field effect transistors. With such configuration, it is possible to avoid start-up failure and current driving performance deterioration resulting from an increase in the number of stages of step-up units without complicating processes and increasing the chip size.

Abstract: The invention provides a display apparatus having a temperature sensor and a step-up circuit generating a drive voltage of the display apparatus by stepping up a power source voltage. The temperature sensor provides temperature data indicative of the temperature of the display panel with a reduced measurement error without limiting the operation of the step-up circuit. To do so, in view of the fact that the step-up circuit has alternating active state in which the circuit is stepping up a source voltage to output a required step-up voltage and inactive state in which no stepping operation is made, the temperature sensor is adapted to obtain temperature data while the step-up circuit is inactive. The temperature data obtained is supplied to a temperature compensation means for changing the drive condition setting value that define the drive condition of the display panel to compensate for the temperature change.

Abstract: The invention provides a display apparatus having a temperature sensor and a step-up circuit generating a drive voltage of the display apparatus by stepping up a power source voltage. The temperature sensor provides temperature data indicative of the temperature of the display panel with a reduced measurement error without limiting the operation of the step-up circuit. To do so, in view of the fact that the step-up circuit has alternating active state in which the circuit is stepping up a source voltage to output a required step-up voltage and inactive state in which no stepping operation is made, the temperature sensor is adapted to obtain temperature data while the step-up circuit is inactive. The temperature data obtained is supplied to a temperature compensation means for changing the drive condition setting value that define the drive condition of the display panel to compensate for the temperature change.

Abstract: An IC card 3 has an ID number ID0, for permitting itself to be identified, stored in memory provided therein. The IC card also has additional ID numbers ID1 to IDn stored in memory areas 17-1 to 17-n that are secured therein so as to be allocated to the individual providers that manage the reader/writers with which the IC card communicates. These additional ID numbers ID1 to IDn are used to prevent unauthorized use of the IC card, and are issued so as to be unique to the IC card by the individual providers that use the memory areas 17-1 to 17-n. Thus, the additional ID numbers ID1 to IDn differ from one IC card to another.