Abstract: A lithium-aluminosilicate glass ceramic is transformed by a suitable heat treatment into a glass ceramic comprising at least 80 vol.-% of keatite mixed crystals. This may be utilized for the preparation of optical or mechanical high-precision parts having a high temperature resistance, a good stability and compatibility with components consisting of metals having a small coefficient of thermal expansion based on nickel and iron, such as Invar®.

Abstract: A method for the homogeneous heating of semitransparent and/or transparent glass and/or glass-ceramic articles using infrared radiation so that the glass and/or glass-ceramic articles undergo heat treatment at between 20 and 3000° C., notably at between 20 and 1705° C. Heating is achieved by a component of infrared radiation which acts directly on the glass and/or glass-ceramic articles and by a component of infrared radiation which acts indirectly on said glass and/or glass-ceramic articles. The radiation component indirectly acting on the glass and/or glass-ceramic articles accounts for more than 50% of total radiation output.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing glass-ceramic parts and/or glass parts by deformation of a glass-ceramic blank and/or glass blank. The invention is characterized in that forming is carried out using infrared radiation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new class of compound useful as liquid for immersion lithography, said liquid comprising molecules so that said liquid is substantially transparent at a wavelength used for said liquid immersion lithography, wherein a degree of polarization of light, which is incident on a sample of said liquid in a forward direction and which is scattered in a direction perpendicular to said forward direction within a plane of scattering defined by said forward direction and said direction perpendicular to said forward direction, is larger than 0.9. Suited liquids are, for example, such comprising molecules transparent to UV radiation, wherein said molecules are high-symmetric molecules. Suited compounds are defined by A(R)4 wherein A is defined to be a 4-valent element and R is selected from —(C)n— and —(Si)n—, with n=1 to 10, wherein the remaining valences of the carbon or silica are saturated by one (or more) selected from hydrogen and a halogen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for ceramizing starting glass of glass-ceramics into glass-ceramics, comprising at least the following steps: 1.1 the starting glass is heated from an initial temperature T1 to a temperature T2 which is disposed above the glass transformation temperature TG at which crystallization nuclei are precipitated; 1.2 the glass is held at the temperature T2 for a period t2 for the precipitation of crystallization nuclei; 1.3 the glass is further heated to a temperature T3 at which a crystal phase grows on the nuclei formed following step 1.1 and 1.2; 1.4 the glass is held for period t3 at a temperature T3 or heated during this period to a higher temperature T4 until the predetermined properties of the glass-ceramics have been reached; 1.5 the control of the temperature curve is performed with the help of a control loop comprising at least one temperature sensor for sensing the temperature and a heating unit as an actuator. The invention is characterized in that 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for ceramizing starting glass of glass-ceramics into glass-ceramics, comprising at least the following steps: 1.1 the starting glass is heated from an initial temperature T1 to a temperature T2 which is disposed above the glass transformation temperature TG at which crystallization nuclei are precipitated; 1.2 the glass is held at the temperature T2 for a period t2 for the precipitation of crystallization nuclei; 1.3 the glass is further heated to a temperature T3 at which a crystal phase grows on the nuclei formed following step 1.1 and 1.2; 1.4 the glass is held for a period t3 at a temperature T3 or heated during this period to a higher temperature T4 until the predetermined properties of the glass-ceramics have been reached; 1.5 the control of the temperature curve is performed with the help of a control loop comprising at least one temperature sensor for sensing the temperature and a heating unit as an actuator. The invention is characterized in that 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for the forming of bodies (2) made from glass or glass ceramic in order to produce a three-dimensional end product. A short-wave IR radiation (3) is thus used, furthermore a mould (1) for forming a three-dimensional body (2) made from glass or glass ceramic. According to the invention, the mould (1) is made from a material with a high reflectivity and a high degree of remission thus cooling the mould (1).

Abstract: A process for forming glass or glass ceramics is disclosed, wherein a glass ceramics form (12) is made from a starting glass by molding, which is transformed by a heat treatment into a keatite glass ceramic comprising predominantly keatite mixed crystals. With such a keatite glass ceramics form (12) formed bodies can be prepared from blank parts by sagging under gravity force at a temperature above the glass transition temperature of the blank part (14).

Abstract: A lithium-aluminosilicate glass ceramic is transformed by a suitable heat treatment into a glass ceramic comprising at least 80 vol.-% of keatite mixed crystals. This may be utilized for the preparation of optical or mechanical high-precision parts having a high temperature resistance, a good stability and compatibility with components consisting of metals having a small coefficient of thermal expansion based on nickel and iron, such as Invar®.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for ceramising glass ceramics (so-called green glass). The process according to the present invention comprises the following procedural steps: green glass (3) is manufactured; the green glass is placed in a suspended state on a levitation substrate by supply of levitation gas; the green glass is heated in the suspended state by IR radiation until such time as the desired ceramising has set in.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for the heating of glasses and/or glass ceramics, comprising one or more IR radiators. The invention is characterized in that the device comprises at least one filter element, which filters at least a portion of the long-wave IR radiation of the IR radiators, so that no long-wave IR radiation or only a small amount impinges on the one or more glass-ceramic and/or glass parts to be heated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for relaxing stress in glass, especially at the base of the neck of a television funnel, comprising at least the following steps: the glass which is to be relaxed is heated from an initial temperature T1 to a holding temperature T2; said glass is maintained at the holding temperature T2 for a period of time t2 until the glass has relaxed; the glass is cooled to a temperature T3 which is always less than T1; the temperature T2 is maintained, and the heating and cooling processes are carried out by means of a regulating circuit comprising at least one temperature sensor for detecting the temperature and one heating unit as a control element. The invention is characterised in that the heating unit comprises infrared beam emitters for heating the glass which is to be relaxed, said beams having a thermal delay time of less than 10 s, especially less than 5 s.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for ceramising glass ceramics (so-called green glass).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for ceramizing starting glass of glass-ceramics into glass-ceramics, comprising at least the following steps: