Abstract: A device includes a first memory subarray, a first modulation circuit, a second memory subarray, a second modulation circuit and a control signal generator. The first modulation circuit is coupled to the first memory subarray. The second memory subarray is located between the first memory subarray and the first modulation circuit along a direction. The second modulation circuit is coupled to the second memory subarray. The control signal generator is configured to generate a first control signal to trigger the first modulation circuit according to a first length of the first memory subarray along the direction, and configured to generate a second control signal to trigger the second modulation circuit according to a second length of the second memory subarray along the direction.

Abstract: This application provides a key management method, a device, and a system. The method includes: A terminal device sends a first application session establishment request message to a first application function network element, where the establishment request message carries identification information of a first key, and the first key is an authentication and key management for applications AKMA key. The terminal device receives a first authentication request message in a procedure of the re-authentication. The terminal device sends a response message for the first authentication request message in the procedure of the re-authentication. The terminal device receives a response message for the establishment request message. The terminal device derives a communication key between the terminal device and the first application function network element by using the first key.

Abstract: A method for determining a user plane security algorithm, a system, and an apparatus. The method may include: a second device selects a non-null user plane confidentiality protection algorithm based on a security capability of a first device and a security capability of the second device in a case in which user plane confidentiality protection between the second device and the first device is enabled and control plane confidentiality protection between the second device and the first device is not enabled. The second device sends a first message to the first device. The first message includes first algorithm indication information indicating the user plane confidentiality protection algorithm. Therefore, the first device can obtain the non-null user plane confidentiality protection algorithm. Embodiments can be adopted to determine an effective user plane confidentiality protection algorithm, for confidentiality protecting user plane data.

Abstract: An energy storage system and a method for controlling the energy storage system, includes a plurality of energy storage units. The energy storage unit includes a plurality of battery cells, a plurality of balancing units, a voltage conversion unit, a first switch, a second switch, and a control unit. The control unit is configured to detect fault cases of the plurality of battery cells, and control open and closed states of the first switch and the second switch. According to the application, it can be ensured that each energy storage unit in the energy storage system can continuously work when a battery cell is faulty and when state of charge balance between battery cells is implemented, thereby greatly improving reliability of the energy storage system with low costs.

Abstract: A communication method, apparatus, and system are provided, to resolve problems in a conventional technology that an AKMA authentication procedure is complex and signaling overheads are large. Principles of the method are as follows: In a registration procedure of a terminal device, AKMA authentication is implicitly indicated based on primary authentication. For example, if primary authentication succeeds, it may be considered that AKMA authentication also succeeds. In addition, an AKMA temporary identifier is allocated to the terminal device after AKMA authentication succeeds. According to the method, apparatus, and system in this application, no additional AKMA authentication is required. This simplifies a procedure and reduces signaling overheads.

Abstract: Provided are a method and device for transmitting a reference signal. The method includes: determining reference signal information according to signaling information or a first predetermined rule, where the reference signal information satisfies a second predetermined rule; and transmitting, according to the reference signal information, the reference signal and a channel corresponding to the reference signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for extracting lithium using a resin adsorbent to pretreat low-grade deep brine, which relates to the technical field of lithium extraction from brine. In the present disclosure, resin adsorbent is used to perform adsorption pretreatment on the concentrated brine, which can adsorb organic impurities in the concentrated brine without adsorbing lithium ions, so that the concentration of lithium ions is almost unchanged compared with the feed material, with the subsequent manganese-based lithium adsorbent, the adsorption rate of lithium can be increased by 41%; At the same time, pretreating the concentrated brine using resin adsorbents has shorter steps, less materials, and does not produce a large amount of low-value product gypsum, which makes the lithium extraction process simpler and easier to operate, and reduces production costs.

Abstract: Techniques are described to trigger, by a first entity, a process by which one or more interfaces are established over a user plane or a control plane between the first entity and a second entity, where the triggering is based on a first communication of a first message between the first entity and the second entity, and where the one or more interfaces are used for data communication between the first entity and the second entity; and establish, by the first entity, the one or more interfaces by performing a second communication of a second message between the first entity and the second entity in response to the first communication.

Abstract: A method of detecting and positioning an insulation failure of an aircraft generator is provided, comprising: S1, for each stator slot in the aircraft generator, wrapping one semiconductor layer on a surface of an external insulation layer of each copper conductor in the stator slot; S2, for each semiconductor layer, partitioning the semiconductor layer to obtain a plurality of zones, disposing a resistor-inductance branch network in each zone, and connecting the resistor-inductance branch networks to form an insulation failure detection circuit; S3, supplying power to a three-phase winding of the aircraft generator from an external power source; S4, determining whether an unearthed voltage is present in four end corners of the insulation failure detection circuit; if not, returning to S3 for further powering; if yes, outputting a detection result and collecting an insulation failure position with potential change and difference in the insulation failure detection circuit as a positioning result.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for multiple transmission schemes in wireless communication are described. In one aspect, a wireless communication method is disclosed to include: transmitting, by a first communication device, at least one of i) a repetition mode of data transmissions to be sent to a second communication device, ii) a mapping between N indicated beams and all scheduled transmissions of the data, or iii) a RV (Redundant Version) relationship among the all scheduled transmissions of the data, wherein the transmitting is based on at least one of the N indicated beam(s), a DMRS (Demodulation Reference Signals) port indication, or K time domain occasions, N and K being non-negative integers.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of wireless communications technologies. Embodiments of this application provide a security protection method, an apparatus, and a system, to resolve a problem of low efficiency in handing over a terminal between serving base stations. The method in this application includes: receiving, by a target access network device, a correspondence between user plane information and a security policy from a source access network device; and determining, by the target access network device based on the correspondence between user plane information and a security policy, a first user plane protection algorithm corresponding to the user plane information, where the first user plane protection algorithm includes one or both of a user plane encryption algorithm and a user plane integrity protection algorithm. This application is applicable to a procedure in which the terminal is handed over between serving base stations.

Abstract: A circuit comprises a memory array, a tracking bit line and a timing control circuit. The memory array comprises a plurality of tracking cells. The tracking bit line is coupled between a first node and the plurality of tracking cells. The timing control circuit is coupled to the first node and comprises a Schmitt trigger. The Schmitt trigger generates a negative bit line enable signal in response to that a voltage level on the first node being below a low threshold voltage value of the Schmitt trigger. The timing control circuit generates a negative bit line trigger signal according to the negative bit line enable signal for adjusting voltage levels of a plurality of bit lines of the memory array.

Abstract: A circuit comprises a memory array, a tracking bit line and a timing control circuit. The memory array comprises a plurality of tracking cells. The tracking bit line is coupled between a first node and the plurality of tracking cells. The timing control circuit is coupled to the first node and comprises a Schmitt trigger. The Schmitt trigger generates a negative bit line enable signal in response to that a voltage level on the first node being below a low threshold voltage value of the Schmitt trigger. The timing control circuit generates a negative bit line trigger signal according to the negative bit line enable signal for adjusting voltage levels of a plurality of bit lines of the memory array.

Abstract: A bearing seal for a rolling bearing with standard boundary dimensions that comprises a first flinger fitted into a first bearing ring and a second flinger fitted into a second bearing ring. Each flinger further comprises a correspondingly numbered sealing body. A first sealing body engages the second flinger and/or the second bearing ring, and a second sealing body engages the first flinger and/or the first bearing ring. The axial width of the bearing seal varies along the radial direction of the bearing. Starting at the first bearing ring, with a narrow width W, defined relative to the total radial size of the bearing seal L, wherein the ratio W/L is less than or equal to 0.5, the bearing seal widens toward the second bearing ring, thereby providing extra space between the rolling elements and/or cage and the bearing seal adjacent to the first bearing ring.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods, systems, and devices for scheduling gap coordination. One method includes determining, by a user equipment (UE), a scheduling gap (SG) granularity in a network; and transmitting, by the UE, a message comprising the determined SG granularity to the network. Another method includes receiving, by a network, assistance information from a UE; configuring, by the network based on the assistance information, a SG granularity; transmitting, by the network, reconfiguration information to the UE, the reconfiguration information comprising the determined SG granularity; and receiving, by the network, reconfiguration complete information from the UE.

Abstract: A memory device includes a first memory array, a first isolation cell abutting a first side of the first memory array, a first edge cell array abutting a second side, opposite to the first side, of the first memory array, a second memory array arranged at a first side, opposite to the first memory array, of the first isolation cell, a second edge cell array, and multiple first word lines passing through the first edge cell array, the first memory array and being terminated at the first isolation cell. A first width of the first isolation cell is different from a second width of the first edge cell array. The second memory array is sandwiched between the second edge cell array and the first isolation cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pile foundations and provides an intelligent construction control method and system for jet grouting piles based on stratum information inversion. This method integrates multi-source sensing components and local transmission to perceive real-time drilling information to a data integration terminal. Using engineering soil layer data as training samples, a machine learning algorithm correlates perception information with geological conditions, judging and outputting stratum conditions in real time. An XGBoost model quickly and accurately identifies soil layers at the site. Based on big data matching of a cloud platform, an optimal construction parameter database is established, and the optimal combination of parameters is acquired through algorithm matching.

Abstract: This application provides a communication system, method, and apparatus. The system is applied to implement authentication and key management for applications (AKMA) service-based data transmission between a terminal device and an application function network element. The system includes an AKMA anchor function network element and a network exposure function network element. The network exposure function network element obtains first identification information from a unified data management network element, where the first identification information is used to determine an authentication server function network element corresponding to the terminal device, and sends the first identification information to the AKMA anchor function network element. The AKMA anchor function network element obtains, from the unified data management network element based on the first identification information, identification information of the authentication server function network element corresponding to the terminal device.