Abstract: The invention relates to a process for treatment of metathesis catalysts for olefins that consists in sending the particles of catalysts through at least one vibratory helicoidal conveyor, in subjecting them over at least a portion of their path and preferably over a large portion of their path to a temperature profile, and in bringing them into contact with at least one fluid over at least a portion of their path. Vibratory helicoidal lifting device (12) makes it possible to regenerate metathesis catalysts for olefins: it comprises a combustion zone (14) and a calcination zone (15), as well as a preheating zone, a zone for stripping hydrocarbons and a zone for cooling the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for treatment of metathesis catalysts for olefins comprises sending the particles of catalysts through at least one vibratory helicoidal conveyor, subject the particles over at least a portion of their path and preferably over a large portion of their path to a temperature profile, and bringing the particles into contact with at least one fluid over at least a portion of their path. A vibratory helicoidal lifting device (12) makes it possible to regenerate metathesis catalysts for olefins: it comprises a combustion zone (14) and a calcination zone (15), as well as a preheating zone, a zone for stripping hydrocarbons and a zone for cooling the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for carrying out a reaction on an organic feed (for example dimerisation, co-dimerisation, oligomerisation or metathesis of olefins) is described in which the catalyst is a catalytic metal compound dissolved in a non-aqueous ionic medium which is not or is only slightly miscible with hydrocarbons. The reaction is carried out in a system comprising at least two treatment loops each comprising at least one reaction zone and at least one zone for separating the organic and polar phases between which the polar medium containing the catalytic metal compound, and the organic phase circulate, in a counter-current, Fresh polar phase is injected into the second loop and used polar phase is eliminated from the first loop. The hydrocarbon to be transformed is injected into the first loop and the products are withdrawn from the second loop. The invention also concerns a unit for carrying out the process.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of an ionic compound, Q+A− liquid at less than 150° C., wherein a trialkyloxonium of the anion is reacted with an amine in a hydrocarbon solvent. The aforesaid ionic compound can be used as a solvent in numerous catalytic reactions.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for alkylating isoparaffins by olefins using a novel catalyst, the olefin preferably being a low reactivity olefin. The catalyst is a composition resulting from a mixture of at least aluminum halide, at least one quaternary ammonium halide and/or at least one amine hydrohalide and at least one group IVB metal compound, preferably a group IVB metal halide.

Abstract: A cobalt catalytic system that makes it possible to obtain branched compounds from fatty substances by reacting simple olefins on polyunsaturated esters, which may or may not be conjugated, is described.The compounds that are obtained may be hydrogenated and used as lubricant bases.

Abstract: A novel non-aqueous catalytic composition comprises at least one quaternary ammonium and/or phosphonium salt in which the anion is selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroborate, tetrachloroborate, hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroantimonate, hexafluoroarsenate, trifluorosulphonate, fluorosulphonate, trifluoromethylsulphonate, trifluoroarsenate, dichlorocuprate, trichlorocuprate, tetrachlorocuprate, and trichlorozincate, and at least one complex of a transition metal from groups 8, 9 or 10, i.e., iron, ruthenium, colbalt, rhodium iridium, nickel, palladium and platinum. The catalyst can be used in a process of total or selective hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds such as monoolefins, diolefins, acetylene compounds, aromatic compounds, or polynuclear aromatic compounds. Hydrogenation may be accompanied by isomerisation.

Abstract: Process for liquid-phase hydroformylation of at least one olefin by carbon oxide and hydrogen oxide in the presence of a catalytic composition that contains at least one compound of a transition metal, at least one phosphine oxide, and at least one organic-inorganic salt that does not contain tin or germanium; said salt is a quaternary ammonium salt and/or a quaternary phosphonium salt of general formula Q.sup.+ A.sup.-, in which Q.sup.+ represents an ammonium and/or a quaternary phosphonium and A.sup.- represents an anion. The process applies in particular to internal olefins.

Abstract: The invention concerns a catalytic composition resulting from a mixture of at least one aluminium halide, at least one quaternary ammonium halide and/or at least one amine hydrohalide and at least one group IVB metal compound, preferably a group IVB metal halide. The invention also concerns a process for alkylating isoparaffins by olefins using that composition, the olefin preferably being a low reactivity olefin.

Abstract: Improved process for implementing the Diels-Alder reaction that consists in using reagents in the presence of at least one liquid salt of general formula Q.sup.+ A.sup.-, in which Q.sup.+ represents a quaternary ammonium and/or phosphonium and A.sup.- represents an anion and optionally at least one Lewis acid. The anion is preferably selected from the group that is formed by tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroantimonate, hexafluoroarsenate, perfluoroalkylsulfonate, fluorosulfonate or else dichlorocuprate, tetrachloroborate, tetrachloroaluminate, and trichlorozincate. At the end of the reaction, the organic phase is separated, and the polar phase is reused.

Abstract: A hydroformylation process for unsaturated compounds such as monoolefins and diolefins is carried out in an ionic medium in which the catalytic species is dissolved, but in which the reaction products (aldehydes) formed are only slightly soluble or are insoluble. The ionic medium is liquid at a temperature below 90.degree. C. and comprises at least one quaternary ammonium and/or phosphonium cation and at least one anion which is preferably selected from the group formed by tetrafluoroborate when the cation is ammonium, hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroantimonate, hexafluoroarsenate, perfluoroalkylsulphonates, fluorosulphonate, bis-perfluoroalkylsulphonyl amides or dichlorocuprate, tetrachlorocuprate, tetrachloroaluminate, or trichlorozincate. At the end of the reaction, the organic phase is separated out and the polar phase containing the catalyst is used again.

Abstract: A novel catalytic composition comprises at least one quaternary ammonium and/or phosphonium salt in which the anion is selected from the group formed by tetrafluoroborate, tetrachloroborate, hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroantimonate, hexafluoroarsenate, trifluorosulphonate, fluorosulphonate, tetrachloroaluminate, dichlorocuprate, and trichlorozincate, and at least one complex of a transition metal from groups 8, 9 and 10, i.e., iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium iridium, nickel, palladium and platinum. Application to total or selective hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds such as monoolefins, diolefins, acetylenic compounds, aromatic compounds, polynuclear aromatic compounds. Hydrogenation may be accompanied by isomerisation.

Abstract: A catalytic composition comprises at least one quaternary ammonium and/or phosphonium salt in which the anion is preferably selected from the group formed by tetrafluoroborate, tetrachloroborate, hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroantimonate, hexafluoroarsenate, trifluorosulphonate, fluorosulphonate, tetrachloroaluminate, dichlorocuprate, and trichlorozincate, and at least one complex of a transition metal from groups 8, 9 and 10, i.e., iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium and platinum, is for the displacement of the double bond in olefins.

Abstract: The invention concerns a catalytic composition resulting from mixing at least one aluminum halide, at least one quaternary ammonium halide and/or at least one amine halohydrate and at least one cuprous compound, preferable a halide. The invention also concerns a process for the alkylation of isoparaffins by olefins with that composition.

Abstract: A novel catalytic composition comprises a mixture of lithium halide, a hydrocarbylaluminium halide and at least one compound of a catalytic element, in particular a nickel complex. The invention also concerns a process for the oligomerisation and co-oligomerisation of olefins catalysed by said composition. The catalytic mixture, which is liquid at the start of the reaction, is gradually transformed into a solid which is then readily separated from the reaction products.

Abstract: A catalyst containing a porous organic or mineral support and at least one active phase having at least one aluminum halide, at least one compound selected for quaternary ammonium halides and amine hydrohalides, and at least one cuprous compound, the support having been impregnated with the active phase, the catalyst essentially constituted by particles with an average diameter in the range 0.1 .mu.m to 150 .mu.m, and the support, before impregnation with the active phase, has a total pore volume in the range 0.1 cm.sup.3 /g and 6 cm.sup.3 /g.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a process for the dimerization, co-dimerization and oligomerization of olefins with a catalytic composition resulting from mixing at least one quaternary ammonium halide and/or at least one quaternary phosphonium halide, at least one aluminum halide, at least one aromatic hydrocarbon and optionally an aluminium organometallic compound.

Abstract: The invention concerns a catalytic composition and a process for the dimerisation, codimerisation or oligomerisation of olefins, said composition comprising a mixture of at least one bivalent nickel complex which contains two tertiary phosphine molecules, at least one nickel complex which contains neither water nor phosphine, and at least one alkylaluminium halide. The mixture is particularly for use in ionic type non aqueous liquid compositions, such as those formed by quaternary ammonium halides and/or quaternary phosphonium halides with aluminium halides and/or alkylaluminium halides.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a catalytic composition resulting from dissolving a nickel complex mixed or complexed with a tertiary phosphine in the medium resulting from mixing at least one quaternary ammonium halide and/or at least one quaternary phosphonium halide, at least one aluminum halide, at least one aromatic hydrocarbon and optionally an aluminum organometallic compound. The invention is also concerned with a process for the dimerization, codimerization and oligomerization of olefins with this composition.

Abstract: The invention concerns a catalytic composition and a process for the dimerization, codimerization or oligomerization of olefins, said composition comprising a mixture of at least one bivalent nickel complex which contains two tertiary phosphine molecules, at least one nickel compound or complex compound which contains neither water nor phosphine, and at least one alkylaluminum halide. The mixture is particularly for use in ionic type non aqueous liquid compositions, such as those formed by quaternary ammonium halides and/or quaternary phosphonium halides with aluminum halides and/or alkylaluminum halides.