Abstract: An aqueous catalyst solution comprising rhodium and an aqueous solution comprising sulfonated arylphosphines by reacting arylphosphines with oleum to form a sulfonation mixture, diluting the sulfonation mixture with water, extracting the diluted sulfonation mixture with a solution of a water-insoluble amine in a water-insoluble organic solvent, reacting the resulting water-immiscible organic phase with a solution of an inorganic base in water, adjusting the resulting aqueous solution of sulfonated arylphosphines of pH of up to 3 by addition of an acid, and passing an inert gas stream through the aqueous solution comprising sulfonated arylphosphines until sulfur dioxide is no longer liberated from the aqueous solution of sulfonated arylphosphines.

Abstract: A process for preparing sulfonated arylphosphines by reaction of arylphosphines with oleum, wherein, after reaction of the arylphosphines with oleum, the sulfonation mixture is firstly diluted with water, an inert gas stream is then passed through the diluted sulfonation mixture until SO2 is no longer liberated from the diluted sulfonation mixture and the latter is then worked up further in a customary manner and its use.

Abstract: A process for preparing sulfonated arylphosphines by reaction of arylphosphines with oleum, wherein, after reaction of the arylphosphines with oleum, the sulfonation mixture is firstly diluted with water, an inert gas stream is then passed through the diluted sulfonation mixture until SO2 is no longer liberated from the diluted sulfonation mixture and the latter is then worked up further in a customary manner and its use.

Abstract: A process for preparing solutions of sulfonated arylphosphines comprising reacting arylphosphines with oleum, diluting the sulfonation mixture with water, extracting the diluted sulfonation mixture with a solution of a water-insoluble organic solvent, reacting the organic phase with a solution of an inorganic base in water, adjusting the resulting aqueous solutin of sulfonated arylphosphines to a pH of up to 3 by addition of an acid, and passing an inert gas stream through the aqueous solution comprising sulfonated arylphosphines until sulfur is no longer liberated from the aqueous solution of sulfonated arylphosphines.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel ionic liquids and to the production and use thereof. The novel ionic liquids are salts of sulphonated or carboxylated triesters of phosphorous acid as the anionic component and ammonium ions, which can be substituted with organic radicals, as the cationic component.

Abstract: A process for preparing solutions of sulfonated arylphosphines comprising reacting arylphosphines with oleum, diluting the sulfonation mixture with water, extracting the diluted sulfonation mixture with a solution of a water-insoluble organic solvent, reacting the organic phase with a solution of an inorganic base in water, adjusting the resulting aqueous solutin of sulfonated arylphosphines to a pH of up to 3 by addition of an acid, and passing an inert gas stream through the aqueous solution comprising sulfonated arylphosphines until sulfur is no longer liberated from the aqueous solution of sulfonated arylphosphines.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing sulfonated aryl phosphines by reacting aryl phosphines with oleum. After reacting the aryl phosphines with oleum, the sulfonation mixture is firstly diluted with water and an inert gas stream is then fed through the diluted sulfonation mixture until SO2 is no longer released from the diluted sulfonation mixture. Afterwards, the sulfonation mixture is subsequently processed in a usual manner. The invention also relates to a method for producing solutions of sulfonated aryl phosphines by reacting the aryl phosphines with oleum, diluting the sulfonation mixture with water, extracting the aqueous solution using an organic solution consisting of an amine, and subsequently carrying out a reextraction using an aqueous solution having an inorganic base.

Abstract: Mixtures of isomeric nonanols and decanols are obtained by joint aldol condensation of n-butanal and pentanals, and up to 1% by weight of 3-methylbutanal, hydrogenation of the aldol condensation product to the corresponding saturated alcohols, and separation from the reaction mixture of the components boiling at temperatures lower than those of the nonanols and decanols. The pentanals are mixtures of 60 to 90% by weight of n-pentanal and 10 to 40% by weight of 2-methylbutanal. The alcohol mixture is especially suitable for preparing ester plasticizers.

Abstract: The use of (A) a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, or a functionally equivalent variant of that amino acid sequence, or (B) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding the polypeptide (A), or (C) an antibody which is immunoreactive with the polypeptide (A), or (D) an antisense oligonucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to that of polynucleotide (B), or (E) a polynucleotide probe comprising at least 15 consecutive nucleotides of (B), in the preparation of a pharmaceutical for the diagnosis or treatment of a neutrophil-associated inflammatory disease.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing aldehydes by reacting monoolefins, conjugated and non-conjugated polyolefins, cycloolefins, or derivatives of these classes of compounds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen (hydroformylation) in the presence of rhodium or rhodium compounds and a non-aqueous liquid of the formula (Q30 )aAa−, wherein Q+represents a singly charge ammonium cation that is optionally substituted with organic radicals, and Aa−represents the anion of a sulphonated or carboxylated triester of phosphoric acid.

Abstract: Mixtures of isomeric nonanols and decanols are obtained by joint aldol condensation of n-butanal and pentanals, and up to 1% by weight of 3-methylbutanal, hydrogenation of the aldol condensation product to the corresponding saturated alcohols, and separation from the reaction mixture of the components boiling at temperatures lower than those of the nonanols and decanols. The pentanals are mixtures of 60 to 90% by weight of n-pentanal and 10 to 40% by weight of 2-methylbutanal. The alcohol mixture is especially suitable for preparing ester plasticizers.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for preparing aldehydes by reacting with hydrogen and carbon monoxide at a temperature of between 20 and 170° C. and a pressure of between 1 and 300 bar an olefinically unsaturated C6-C16 compound in the presence aqueous phase containing rhodium and sulphonated triarylphosphines as catalyst and between 10 and 70 wt % of a compound of formula (1), R(OCH2CH2)nOR1, R standing for hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched C1-C4 alkyl group or a C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl group, R1 standing for hydrogen or a methyl group, and n standing for an integer from 3 to 50.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for preparing aldehydes by reacting with hydrogen and carbon monoxide at a temperature of between 20 and 170° C. and a pressure of between 1 and 300 bar an olefinically unsaturated C3-C5 compound in the presence of an aqueous phase containing rhodium and sulphonated triarylphosphines as catalyst and between 1 and 35 wt % of a compound of formula (1), R(OCH2CH2)nOR1, R standing for hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched C1-C4 alkyl group or a C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl group, R1 standing for hydrogen or a methyl group, and n standing for an integer from 3 to 50.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising rhodium and a compound of the formula (I) in which m is a number from 1 to 1000; x is a number from 0 to 4; W is a group of the formulae —CH2—CH2—, —CH(CH3)CH2—or —CH2CH(CH3)—; R is hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched C1-C5— alkyl radical; or a group of the formulae where a, b, c, d and e independently of one another are a number from 0 to 1000, at least one of the numbers a, b, c, d and e being greater than 0; R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 are identical or different and are hydrogen, C1-C5-alkyl or a group of the formula R1 and R2 are identical or different and are a straight-chain, branched or cyclic C1-C30-alkyl radical or C6-10-aryl radical, which is unsubstituted or substituted by from one to five C1-C3-alkyl radicals, and L is C1-C5-alkyl, C1-C5-alkoxy, NO2, NR3R4, where R3 and R4 independently of one another are hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl, or L is Cl or OH, for hydroformylation re

Abstract: Guanidinium phosphanes of Formula I wherein the substituents are defined as in the specification which are useful catalyst ligands for the carbon-carbon linkage reactions of the hect reaction.

Abstract: A compound is disclosed having the formula (I), in which m equals 1 to 1000; x equals 0 to 4; W is a group of formulas --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, --CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 -- or --CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)--; R is hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched-chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl radical; or a group of formulas (a) or (b), in which a, b, c, d and e independently represent a number from 0 to 1000, at least one of the numbers represented by a, b, c, d and e being higher than 0; R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 are the same or different and represent hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl or a group of formula (c); R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and represent a straight-chain, a branched-chain or a cyclic C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkyl radical or C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl radical which is non-substituted or substituted by one to five C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl radicals, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.

Abstract: A catalyst for preparing aldehydes by hydroformylation of olefins or olefinically unsaturated compounds comprising at least one rhodium compound and a non-aqueous ionic ligand liquid of the formula (Q.sup.+).sub.a A.sup.a-, where Q.sup.+ is a singly charged quaternary ammonium and/or phosphonium cation or the equivalent of a multiply charged ammonium and/or phosphonium cation and A.sup.a- is a sulfonated triarylphosphine.

Abstract: Nonaqueous ionic ligand liquids of the formula (Q.sup..sym.)a A.sup.a-, where Q.sup..sym. is a singly charged quaternary ammonium and/or phosphonium cation or the equivalent of a multiply charged ammonium and/or phosphonium cation and A.sup.a- is a sulfonated triarylphosphine, a process for preparing them and their use as catalyst constituents.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the reduction of nitro groups to amino groups, characterized that a nitro compound is reacted with hydrogen in the presence of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble metal catalyst of the formula M (L).sub.n (Y).sub.m wherein M is ruthenium, rhodium, nickel, or palladium; L, is a water soluble ligand; Y is a further ligand or an alkaline earth ion; n is 1, 2, 3, or 4; and m is 0, 1, or 2.

Abstract: For the preparation of predominantly unbranched higher primary alcohols, olefins from the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis are reacted with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of water and a catalyst which is rhodium, in metallic form or as a compound, and a water-soluble phosphine. The reaction product obtained is hydrogenated. The water-soluble phosphines employed are compounds whose anion is a phosphine containing at least one sulfonated or carboxylated aromatic radical and whose cation is a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium ion.