Abstract: A process for separating rhodium from mixtures thereof, comprising extracting said rhodium with an aqueous solution of a rhodium complexing agent and a solubilizer. A process for preparing aldehydes in the presence of both the complexing agent and the solubilizer is also set forth. The solubilizer is generally selected from salts of carboxylic acids having 8-20 carbon atoms, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl aryl sulfonates, amines and quaternary ammonium compounds of Formula II ##STR1## wherein A is alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, aryl having 6-25 carbon atoms, or R.sup.7 CONHCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --wherein R.sup.7 is alkyl having 5-11 carbon atoms; B is an alkyl having 1-25 carbon atoms, an aryl having 6-25 carbon atoms, or an .omega.-hydroxy alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms; C and D are each independently an alkyl or .omega.

Abstract: Bis{.mu.-hydroxy)bis[tris(sodium m-sulfonatophenyl)-phosphane]-rhodium(I)} dodecahydrate and methods of preparation thereof. The compounds are useful as catalysts for the hydroformylation reaction.

Abstract: Mixtures of substances containing metal complex compounds, organoelemental ligands, and/or other components are separated according to the invention by chromatography on stationary supports in an aqueous or aqueous/organic medium.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aldehydes including reacting olefins with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in an aqueous liquid phase in the presence of a rhodium catalyst and a specific class of water soluble aryl phosphines. These phosphines are preferably mixtures of alkali metal salts and quaternary ammonium salts of sulfonated aryl phosphines.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aldehydes by hydroformylation of olefins in the presence of an aqueous solution containing rhodium as a catalyst. The aqueous solution preferably contains rhodium in a concentration of 450 to 800 weight-ppm and sulfonated or carboxylated triarylphosphines as complex ligands in a concentration of 25 to 30% by weight, both based on the aqueous solution.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a rhodium catalyst comprising dissolving a carboxylic acid salt of rhodium in a solvent taken from the class consisting of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof. The carboxylic acid has 2 to 18 carbon atoms. This salt is reacted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen to form a rhodium hydridrocarbonyl which is reacted with an aqueous solution of a triaryl phosphine. The aqueous solution may be present during the initial reaction of the rhodium salt or may be added thereafter. A catalyst which is the product of the foregoing process is also disclosed, as is a method of producing aldehydes using the catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of aldehydes by the reaction of olefinic compounds with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst system containing rhodium and aromatic phosphines. The aromatic phosphines are soluble in organic media and represent salts of sulfonated or carboxylated triarylphosphines which are insoluble in water. After hydroformylation, the reaction product is treated with a diluted aqueous solution of a base and the aqueous phase containing rhodium and aromatic phosphines is separated. Thus, thermal loading of the catalyst, for example by the redistillation of the reaction product, is avoided.

Abstract: A process for separating rhodium from mixtures thereof, comprising extracting said rhodium with an aqueous solution of a rhodium complexing agent and a solubilizer. A process for preparing aldehydes in the presence of both the complexing agent and the solubilizer is also set forth. The solubilizer is generally selected from salts of carboxylic acids having 8-20 carbon atoms, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl aryl sulfonates, amines and quaternary ammonium compounds of Formula II ##STR1## wherein A is alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, aryl having 6-25 carbon atoms, or R.sup.7 CONHCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --wherein R.sup.7 is alkyl having 5-11 carbon atoms; B is an alkyl having 1-25 carbon atoms, an aryl having 6-25 carbon atoms, or an .omega.-hydroxy alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms; C and D are each independently an alkyl or .omega.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of nonadecanediols by the hydroformylation of oleyl alcohol. Rhodium and salts of sulfonated or carboxylated triarylphosphines, which are soluble in organic media and insoluble in water, are used as hydroformylation catalysts. The hydroformylation product is then treated with a diluted solution of a base dissolved in water, the aqueous phase separated and the hydroformylation product treated with hydrogen at elevated temperature in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the purification of a gas containing one or more of hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen cyanide, and carbonyl sulfide as impurities comprising contacting the gas with at least one aliphatic aldehyde which is liquid under the purification conditions. The gas is inert to the aldehyde under such conditions. The process is useful in the purification of synthesis gas for use in reactions wherein sensitive catalysts are employed.

Abstract: The invention relates to new quaternary ammonium salts of di and trisulfonated triarylphosphines as well as a process for their preparation. The salts are of Formula I ##STR1## wherein Ar.sub.1, Ar.sub.2, and Ar.sub.3 are each independently an aryl; X.sup.1, X.sup.2, and X.sup.3 are each independently a sulfogroup; y.sup.1, y.sup.2, and y.sup.3 are each independently 0 or 1, provided that their sum is at least 1; A is an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aralkyl, or aryl having 6-25 carbon atoms; B, C, and D are straight chain or branched alkyl having 1-4 carbons; and n is a whole number of 1-3.

Abstract: The invention relates to new quaternary ammonium salts of di and trisulfonated triarylphosphines as well as a process for their preparation. The salts are of Formula I ##STR1## wherein Ar.sub.1, Ar.sub.2, and Ar.sub.3 are each independently an aryl; X.sup.1, X.sup.2, and X.sup.3 are each independently a sulfo group; y.sup.1, y.sup.2, and y.sup.3 are each independently 0 or 1, provided that their sum is at least 1; A is an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aralkyl, or aryl having 6-25 carbon atoms; B, C, and D are straight chain or branched alkyl having 1-4 carbons; and n is a whole number of 1-3.

Abstract: A method for the production of aldehydes from olefins with CO/H.sub.2 in the presence of a water-soluble rhodium-containing catalyst system is described. The reaction proceeds at 0.1 to 10 MPa and 20 to 160.degree. C. Ultrasound acts on the reaction mixture, consisting of an aqueous catalyst, an olefin, synthesis gas and the end products.

Abstract: A process for the hydroformylation of aldehydes comprising reacting aliphatic olefins with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a liquid phase in the presence of water, a rhodium catalyst and a water soluble salt of a sulfonated or carboxylated triarylphosphine, the reaction taking place in the presence of an aqueous phase having a pH of about 5.5 to about 6.2.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of aldehydes by reacting olefins with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst system comprised of rhodium in metallic form or as a compound and a water-soluble quaternary ammonium salt of a mono, di or trisulfonated arylphosphine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing ethanol and n-propanol by reacting methanol with carbon monoxide and hydrogen at elevated pressure and temperature. A system consisting of a cobalt compound, a ruthenium compound, an iodide, and an organic phosphine serves as the catalyst. The organic phosphine contains a group having a --SO.sub.3 M, --COOM or --OSO.sub.3 M radical.

Abstract: A method for the production of ethanol or propanol comprising the reaction of methanol with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst contains a cobalt compound, a ruthenium compound, iodine or an iodide, and a bi-dentate organic phosphine or phosphite. The reaction is carried out at 150.degree. to 250.degree. C., 200 to 600 bars, and in the presence of 5 to 25% by weight of water, based on the methanol.

Abstract: In a process for the production of ethanol and n-propanol by conversion of methanol with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst containing cobalt, platinum, at least one halogen or halide, and an organic phosphine or phosphite, the improvement comprising the halogen or halide being chlorine or a chloride, and the phosphine or phosphite being bidentate. In addition, the conversion is carried out at pressures of 200 to 800 bars in the presence of 5 to 25% by weight of water, based on the methanol.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of 3-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) butyraldehyde by hydroformylation of limonene in the presence of a catalyst containing a metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table, the improvement wherein a rhodium carbonyl complex containing additionally a triphenyl and/or trialkyl phosphine as ligands is used as catalyst and the reaction is conducted at a pressure of 100 to 350 bars and at a temperature of 110.degree. to 160.degree. C., the triphenyl or trialkyl phosphines or mixture thereof being present in an amount of 10 to 50 moles per gram atom of rhodium in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2-methyl-2-sec.butyl-1,3-propanediol comprising hydroformylating 2-methyl-1-butene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a first catalyst to form the substance 3-methyl-pentanal, condensing said substance with formaldehyde, or a compound which forms formaldehyde under the conditions of condensation in a basic medium to form alpha-sec.butyl-acrolein, partially hydrogenating said acrolein in the presence of a second catalyst to form the material 2,3-dimethyl pentanal, and converting said material into said diol by treatment with formaldehyde, or a compound which forms formaldehyde under the conditions of conversion, in the presence of a strong base as a third catalyst.The compound of the present invention is useful as an intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals and drugs; in particular, the production of carbamates which are useful as tranquilizers and blood pressure lowering agents.