Abstract: A transmission device of point cloud data, a method performed by the transmission device, a reception device and a method performed by the reception device are provided. A method performed by a reception device of point cloud data comprises acquiring temporal scalability information of a point cloud in a three-dimensional space based on a G-PCC file and reconstructing the three-dimensional point cloud based on the temporal scalability information. The temporal scalability information may comprise a first syntax element and a second syntax element for the three-dimensional point cloud, the first syntax element may indicate the number of temporal levels in a track, the second syntax element may indicate whether the three-dimensional point cloud is carried in multiple temporal level tracks, and the second syntax element may be determined based on a value of the first syntax element.

Abstract: In a decoding method performed by a decoding apparatus according to embodiments of the present document, whether signaling of information related to virtual boundaries is present in a sequence parameter set (SPS) or picture header information may be determined based on a virtual boundaries enabled flag.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus are provided. The image decoding method includes obtaining, from a bitstream, network abstraction layer (NAL) unit type information of at least one NAL unit including coded image data, determining a NAL unit type of at least one slice in the current picture based on the obtained NAL unit type information, and decoding the at least one slice based on the determined NAL unit type. The current picture includes a plurality of subpictures having different NAL unit types, the bitstream is a single bitstream obtained by merging a plurality of subpicture bitstreams for the subpictures.

Abstract: According to embodiment(s) of the present document, multilayer-based coding can be performed. The multilayer-based coding can include a sub-bitstream extraction process. Inputs of the sub-bitstream extraction process can include a value related toa target OLS index and a value related to a highest temporal identifier.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus is provided. The image decoding method comprises determining at least one layer in an output layer set (OLS), and determining a number of sublayers for the at least one layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an entropy decoding method and to a decoding apparatus using same. The entropy decoding method according to the present invention comprises: a step of decoding a bin of a syntax element; and a step of acquiring information on the syntax element based on the decoded bin. In the step of decoding the bin, context-based decoding or bypass decoding is performed for each bin of the syntax element.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the present document, a zero-order exponential Golomb coding scheme (ue(v)) is used for a parsing procedure of an information/syntax element related to luma/chroma ALF filter coefficient absolute values, so that operational overhead and complexity can be reduced. In addition, since the range of values of the information related to the luma/chroma ALF filter coefficient absolute values is fixed, coding that uses ue(v) can be efficiently performed.

Abstract: An image decoding method performed by a decoding apparatus according to the present document comprises the steps of: acquiring a flag indicating whether a picture header (PH) network abstraction layer (NAL) unit exists; acquiring a PH on the basis of the flag; and decoding a current picture related to the PH on the basis of the PH.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present document, a (decoded) picture can be split into sub-pictures. Information related to the sub-pictures can be acquired by means of a decoding device, and a decoding procedure can be performed on the basis of the information related to the sub-pictures. In one embodiment, the decoding device can determine, on the basis of the information about the sub-pictures, the location in which information related to locations of virtual boundaries for in-loop filtering is signaled.

Abstract: An image decoding method performed by a decoding apparatus according to the present document comprises the steps of: obtaining image information; performing a picture management process for pictures of a decoded picture buffer (DPB) on the basis of the image information; and decoding a current picture on the basis of the pictures, wherein the image information includes an output layer set (OLS) DPB parameter index for a target OLS, and the picture management process is performed on the basis of DPB parameter information for the target OLS derived on the basis of the OLS DPB parameter index.

Abstract: A media file generation method according to the present document comprises the steps of: configuring sub-picture tracks; configuring a base track referring to at least one sub-picture track; and generating a media file including the sub-picture tracks and the base track, wherein the sub-picture tracks include a first sub-picture track and one or more second sub-picture tracks, the first sub-picture track includes one or more slices, when the one or more slices are not all slices of a sub-picture, all slices of the first sub-picture track are included in the same sub-picture as the sub-picture, and the base track referring to the first sub-picture track also refers to the one or more second sub-picture tracks including the remaining slices of the same sub-picture.

Abstract: A video decoding method performed by a video decoding apparatus, according to the present document, comprises the steps of: obtaining image information from a bitstream, wherein the image information includes a picture header associated with a current picture, and the current picture includes a plurality of slices; parsing at least one of a first flag and a second flag from the picture header; generating prediction samples by performing at least one of intra prediction and inter prediction on a current block in the current picture on the basis of at least one of the first flag and the second flag; generating reconstructed samples on the basis of the prediction samples; and generating a reconstructed picture on the basis of the reconstructed samples.

Abstract: A method by which a decoding device decodes an image, according to the present document, comprises the steps of: acquiring image information including decoded picture buffer (DPB) parameter information and an output layer set (OLS) DPB parameter index for a target OLS; deriving the DPB parameter information about the target OLS on the basis of the OLS DPB parameter index; updating a DPB on the basis of the DPB parameter information about the target OLS; and decoding the current picture on the basis of the updated DPB.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for signaling image information and to a decoding method using same. The method for signaling image information according to the present invention comprises: a step of performing inter-prediction for a current picture; and a step of signaling information including the result of said inter-prediction and reference picture information indicating reference pictures usable in said inter prediction, wherein said reference picture information contains pieces of picture order count (POC) information of said usable reference pictures. The POC information of said usable reference pictures in said reference picture information is configured such that POCs for the pictures existing before said current picture in terms of a POC sequence are located at the front, and POCs for the pictures existing after said current picture in terms of a POC sequence are located following the POCs located at the front.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus are provided. The image decoding method performed by the image decoding apparatus, according to the present disclosure, may comprise the steps of determining whether a color space transformation is applied to residual samples of a current block; determining quantization parameter of the current block on the basis of whether the color space transformation is applied; and determining a transformation coefficient of the current block on the basis of the quantization parameter. The step of determining the quantization parameter may be performed by limiting the range of an effective value of the quantization parameter such that a value of the quantization parameter has a value less than or equal to a predetermined upper value and greater than or equal to a predetermined lower value.

Abstract: An image decoding method performed by a decoding apparatus according to the disclosure of the present document may comprise the steps of: obtaining information related to decoder initialization from a bitstream; initializing a decoder on the basis of the information related to decoder initialization; and performing decoding after initializing the decoder, wherein the information related to decoder initialization includes one or more decoder initialization information sets, and the decoder initialization information set includes level id information and maximum value information of parameters for decoding a bitstream related to the level id information, the value of the level id information specifying a level related to the decoder initialization information set.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the present document, information for performing in-loop filtering across boundaries can be efficiently signaled. For example, the boundaries may include boundaries of tiles, slices, and/or sub-pictures.

Abstract: In a method for decoding an image by a decoding apparatus according to the present disclosure, a current picture is configured to include a single slice, on the basis of a flag indicating whether information on a subpicture exists and a flag indicating whether the subpicture includes a single slice.

Abstract: According to embodiment(s) of the present document, computational overhead and complexity can be reduced by using a 0th-order exponential Golomb coding scheme (ue(v)) for procedures of parsing syntax elements/information about absolute values of luma/chroma ALF filter coefficients. In addition, coding using ue(v) can be efficiently performed by fixing the range of values of the information about the absolute values of the luma/chroma ALF filter coefficients.

Abstract: An in-loop filtering procedure for improving the picture quality of a reconstructed image (video) can be performed. The in-loop filtering procedure can be also performed on a picture divided into sub pictures. According to embodiments of the present document, sub picture-related information and in-loop filtering-related information can be efficiently signaled.