Abstract: A processing apparatus is provided, particularly a granulating or coating apparatus. A filtering assembly is arranged above or adjacent a processing chamber for removing dust from process air containing a particulate material. The filtering assembly includes at least one filter which is passed by the process air coming from the processing chamber. The filter includes a plurality of filter surfaces arranged adjacent to one another to form a substantially circular filter body. The filter surfaces extend substantially radially and in meander-like geometry to be inclined with respect to the process air flow.

Abstract: An oscillating-piston engine comprises a housing, in which several pistons configured as two-armed levers are arranged pivotably, respectively, around a pivot axis being parallel to a central housing axis and movable commonly in a revolution direction. The pistons comprise running surfaces on their side facing away from the housing inner wall, which are guided alongside at least one control cam when the pistons revolve in the housing, of a centrally housing-fixed cam piece, in order to control the pivot movements of the pistons in revolution. The control cam is configured as inner contour on the cam piece, alongside of which the pistons are guided supported to the side of the centrifugal force via the running surfaces. The cam piece comprises another, inner contour configured as a control cam alongside of which the pistons are guided supported to the direction of the central housing axis via the running surfaces.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for treating particulate material with a coating medium, in particular for sugarcoating or film-coating pharmaceutical or food preformed pieces. The apparatus comprises a container drivable to rotate about a rotation axis, a spraying device for spraying the material with the coating medium and supplying means for supplying process air. The container comprises a bottom and an upstanding wall where the rotation axis of the container is substantially vertical and where an inclined return surface is arranged in the container. The return surface extends from an upper region of the container in the direction of an inner diameter region of the bottom.

Abstract: A multi-substance diffusing nozzle having at least three concentric flow channels each leading to a gap-like discharge opening, a discharge gap for atomizing a liquid being surrounded on either side by a discharge gap for passing out a gas, is configured such that the gap width of the discharge gap for atomizing the liquid at the discharge opening is in the range from 0.2 mm to 2.2 mm; that the gap width of the discharge gaps for passing out the gases at the discharge opening is in each case in the range from 0.3 mm to 2.3 mm; and that the ratio between the gap width of the discharge gap for atomizing the liquid and its circumferential gap length is in the range from 1:50 to 1:5000 (FIG. 2).

Abstract: An oscillating-piston engine comprises a housing in which multiple pistons are each arranged pivotably about a piston axis parallel to a central housing axis and are movable together in a revolution direction about said housing axis. It is proposed to arrange, centrally in said housing, a cam piece which is immovable with respect to said housing, there being configured, on the sides of said pistons facing said cam piece, running surfaces which, as said pistons revolve along an outer contour of said cam piece, are guided in constant contact therewith.

Abstract: An outlet slot (A) for generating a spray curtain (C) is defined by mutually abutting outlet faces of two outer nozzle elements (30) and one central nozzle element (31), all being connected to a support body (10) and separable from each other. At least the two outlet faces (32) of the central nozzle element (31) have a profiled structure roughened, for instance, by sandblasting and to permit discharge of the liquid. Two nozzle slats (40) are connected to the support body (10) and the two nozzle elements (30) are arranged between them. Together with one nozzle slat (40) each the two nozzle elements (30) define a gas outlet slot (D) which likewise extends along the spray curtain (C) to be formed.

Abstract: Four pistons (20) are arranged offset from one another at angular spacings of 90.degree. in a housing (10) having a cylindrical inner wall, and they are each supported to be pivotable about a piston axis (B) which is parallel to the housing axis (A). The pistons (20) are designed as two-armed levers whose arms are in rolling engagement with a respective adjacent piston arm so that four housing chambers (18) are defined in the housing (10) by a pair each of piston arms in rolling engagement with each other. Either a fuel-air mixture or air into which fuel is injected is processed in the housing chambers (18) according to the Otto or Diesel four stroke cycle, with the pistons (20) rocking back and forth like a balance. These rocking motions are converted into rotation of a central shaft (30) by cam followers (38) which roll off running surfaces (40) formed on the pistons (20).

Abstract: A ring of baffle plates (36) with intermediate spaces (38) in which a rising gas stream is given a twist is arranged in a vessel (10) between an entrance space (30, 50) and a fluidized bed space (60) located above the same. Nozzles (40) are disposed in individual intermediate spaces (38) between a pair of baffle plates (36) each for spraying fluidizable substances into the gas stream. The entrance space comprises a first inlet chamber (30) with which only intermediate spaces (38) without nozzles (40) between baffle plates (36) communicate. The intermediate spaces (38) with nozzles (40) are shielded from the first inlet chamber (30) and connected to a second inlet chamber (50) which is adapted to be fed separately from the first inlet chamber with process gas. This provides novel possibilities of influencing a fluidized bed, especially of rendering it more uniform.

Abstract: In a fluidized bed apparatus a process gas flows through a process chamber (46) and subsequently through a filter group, including a total number of at least two filter cartridges (50), while a respective part of the number of filter cartridges (50) is blocked, in rotation, to the gas flow coming from the process chamber (46) and is passed instead in opposite direction by a purging gas. An overall quantity of process gas exceeding the gas demand in the process chamber (46) at the ratio of the partial number mentioned to the total number of filter cartridges (50) is supplied to the apparatus. The exceeding partial amount of process gas is branched off in the apparatus ahead of the process chamber (46), passed as purging gas through the partial number mentioned of filter cartridges (50), and subsequently discharged through the remaining number of filter cartridges (50) together with the residual quantity of process gas coming from the process chamber (46).

Abstract: In a treatment chamber (12) having a gas inlet (16) and gas outlet (18) to produce a general flow of gas (E) directed from the bottom to the top a hollow lance (40) extends transversely of the general flow of gas (E) between two pairs of guide vanes (42,44). The outline of the lance (40) is symmetrical with respect to a vertical center plane (A), and it includes a conveyor channel (60) which extends in longitudinal direction of the lance and to which discharge nozzles (80) for material are connected. A pair of semishells (52) are arranged above the guide vanes (42,44) and, together with the guide vanes (42,44), they form a straight trough (53) which is at least approximately symmetrical with respect to the center plane (A). A pressure gradient can be produced between the gas inlet (16) and the gas outlet (18) at which gradient a rectilinear fluidized bed (F) is formed within the trough (53).

Abstract: In a container (12) a treatment space (14) for substance (16) is arranged and therebelow a wind chamber (22). The wind chamber (22) is defined upwardly by a circular rotor disc (42) which is rotatable drivably about an upright central (42) which is rotatable drivably about an upright central axis (A) and has at least one opening (44) which is elongated in approximately radial direction and which allows a gas stream (50) from the wind chamber (22) into the treatment space (14). The rotor disc (42) forms the sole partition between wind chamber (22) and treatment space (14). Associated with the or each opening (44) of the rotor disc (42) is a closure means which is opened in normal operation but is closable for stopping the apparatus. Stationarily arranged above the rotor disc (42) is at least one retaining blade (98) which prevents substance lying on the rotor (40) from rotating with the latter.

Abstract: In a container (12) a treatment space (14) for substance (16) is arranged, therebelow a wind chamber (22) and between the two a sieve bottom (80). Beneath the sieve bottom (80) a rotor (40) having a circular rotor disc (42) is arranged which is rotatably drivable about an upright central axis (A). The rotor (40) comprises at least one opening (44) which is elongated in approximately radial direction and which allows a gas stream (50) from the wind chamber (22) to pass through the sieve bottom (80) upwardly into the treatment space (14). The sieve bottom (80) comprises approximately radial blades (82) which are each arranged in an at least approximately vertical plane immediately above the rotor disc (42) in such a manner that they conduct the gas stream (50) in a sharply defined sector upwardly.

Abstract: A container (12) which is arranged at least approximately rotational symmetrical with respect to an at least approximately vertical container axis (A) has an interior which is made up of an inlet chamber (30) adapted to be traversed from the bottom to the top by a gas, in particular dry air, and a vortex chamber (32) which is arranged above the inlet chamber (30) and formed for fluidizing the material (10). Between the inlet chamber (30) and vortex chamber (32) a ring of guide plates (34) is arranged which, seen in the direction of the container axis (A), overlap each other and impart a twist to the upwardly directed gas flow. Between the guide plates (34) lances (40) are arranged at least approximately radially to the container axis (A) and each comprise at least one nozzle (42) arranged in the flow direction of the gas for introducing granulation substances into the vortex chamber (32).

Abstract: A substantially spherical vessel (10) the lower part (16) of which opens into a cylindrical wall (36) of a dish (24) arranged below the vessel (10) is provided for mixing, drying, granulating, pelleting, varnishing, and/or coating pulverous or granular material (30). An immersion tube (40) protrudes from above into the vessel (10), being immersed in the dish (24) such that a narrow annular space (42) is defined in the dish. The annular space (42) has a mean diameter (D42) which conforms to the mean diameter of the maximum free ring cross section in the equatorial plane of the vessel (10). In the upper area of the vessel (10) a diverting shield (44) is arranged rotationally symmetrically around the immersion tube (40). The diverting shield (44) vaults symmetrically over the annular space (42). Any gas introduced from above into the dish (24) is deflected in upward direction, flowing through the annular space (42) into the vessel (10) where the material (30) is fluidized in two concentric toroidal vortices.

Abstract: A vessel (10) is formed with a convexity of the shape of a dish (24). An immersion tube (40) protrudes into the vessel (10) and terminates inside the dish (24), being adapted for connection to a source of gas which will flow through the immersion tube in the direction of the dish by which it will be deflected so as to fluidize pulverous or granular material (30) contained in the vessel (10). A filter casing (50) is placed on top of the vessel (10) and it contains a filter (56) to hold back particles of material being treated which left the vessel. A rotating vane (60) is associated with the filter (56) and driven by a turbine (70) arranged in the immersion tube (40) so that the rotating vane will sweep across the filter (56). A slot nozzle (74) is formed at the rotating vane (60) and sucks off material from the filter (56) so as to keep it clean. The particles of material sucked off pass through a hollow shaft (62) into the immersion tube (40) and then back once more into the vessel (10).

Abstract: A central immersion pipe (40) projects from above into a receptacle (10) which is axially symmetrical in relation to a perpendicular receptacle axis (A) and has an annular lower portion (12) with downwardly decreasing diameter. The lower portion (12) leads into a basin (16) which is likewise axially symmetrical in relation to the receptacle axis (A). At the lower end of the immersion pipe (40) is a bulge (42) which, together with the basin (16), reroutes by 180.degree. a gas flow introduced from above through the immersion pipe (40) so that the gas, for example, warm dry air, flows upwards in a tubular flow formation around the immersion pipe (40) and fluidizes material (C) contained in the receptacle (10), said material being circulated with low consumption of energy.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a drum (10) adapted to be driven in rotation about a horizontal axis of rotation (A) and having an at least approximately cylindrical body (12) as well as two steep end walls (14), one at each side of the body (12). The two end walls (14) each include a radially outer crown of ring sectors (20) which are inclined in overlapping relationship such that their leading edges (22) in the operating direction of rotation (26) of the drum (10) are disposed axially further outside than their trailing edges (24). A gap-like passage (28) each is formed between adjacent ring sectors (20). The material (58) being treated may exit through these passages upon rotation of the drum (10) in reverse sense. The ring sectors (20) are followed radially inwardly by a central portion (18,42) of the respective end wall (14) which portion the material (58) cannot penetrate. This makes sure that the material (58) will revolve without disturbance within the forwardly rotating drum (10).

Abstract: The filter assembly consists of a plurality of filter cartridges (30) each including a supporting ring (32) and a filter hose (36) connected to the same. At the end remote from the supporting ring (32) they are closed by a dish-like deflecting member (40). Each filter cartridge (30) contains an immersion tube (56) arranged coaxially with the filter hose (36) and terminating slightly spaced from a central bottom portion of the deflecting member (40). The immersion tube (56) is connected to a gas conduit (46) by means of which a gas may be introduced. Together with a piston (84) guided in the immersion tube (56) and at least one spring (34;88) the deflecting member (40) constitutes a system which is adapted to vibrate and periodically tightens the filter hose (36). In this manner the filter hose (36) may be cleaned of dust both thoroughly and carefully.

Abstract: A plunger pipe (40) connectable to a gas source projects axially from above into a container (10) which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to a vertical container axis (A). A dish (16) is arranged below the plunger pipe (40) to deflect the gas supplied through the plunger pipe (40) in upward direction so as to move the material (C) contained in the container (10). In an upper area of the container (10) a deflector shield (56) is arranged around the plunger pipe to deflect the material (C) entrained upwardly by the gas in outward direction. A gas outlet opening (26) is disposed above the deflector shield (56) which is permeable to gas at least in some areas. The apparatus is suitable for mixing, drying, granulating, pelleting, polishing, and/or coating pulverous or granular material.

Abstract: A crossflow wall for a gas stream has baffle elements which form inlet ducts, which narrow in the inflow direction, and end in a steadying bead. Coaxially to the baffle elements, concave impingement surfaces are arranged which are staggered relative to the baffle elements and are curved at a distance around the steadying bead thereof, so that they deflect the gas stream to the rear of the baffle elements. The baffle elements and impingement surfaces are of at least approximately rotationally symmetrical shape and are arranged with pairs of them having parallel axes. Between the impingement surfaces, outlet ducts are left free, through which the gas stream leaves at least approximately parallel to the inflow direction. The heavy foreign matter particles accumulating in the vicinity of the impingement surface are collected in the peripheral edge of the impingement surface by a collecting channel, are passed into a collecting chamber and extracted.