Abstract: Clear, amine-initiated polyether polyols are made by epoxidizing an amine in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide catalyst. By reducing the amount of catalyst used during the polyol synthesis and by adding the catalyst after between 5 and 30% of the total amount of at least one alkylene oxide has been added, after lactic acid neutralization, gives a short chain polyol that has foam processing characteristics similar to the conventional sulfuric acid neutralized polyol. The polyols produced in this manner are particularly useful for the production of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams.

Abstract: Clear, amine-initiated polyether polyols are made by epoxidizing an amine in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide catalyst. By reducing the amount of catalyst used during the polyol synthesis and by adding the catalyst after between 5 and 30% of the total amount of at least one alkylene oxide has been added, after lactic acid neutralization, gives a short chain polyol that has foam processing characteristics similar to the conventional sulfuric acid neutralized polyol. The polyols produced in this manner are particularly useful for the production of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams.

Abstract: Rigid foams having improved insulation properties are made by reacting a polyisocyanate with an isocyanate-reactive material in the presence of a blowing agent mixture composed of from about 5 to about 50 parts by weight of HFC-134a and from about 50 to about 95 parts by weight of HFC-245fa.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams are produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an amine-based polyether polyol in the presence of a catalyst, a hydrogen-containing fluorocarbon, water and carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A co-initiated polyether polyol is produced by suspending a solid polyhydroxyl compound in an amine-initiated polyol, heating the suspension and alkoxylating the heated suspension. These co-initiated polyether polyols are particularly useful for the production of polyurethanes.

Abstract: A co-initiated polyether polyol is produced by suspending a solid polyhydroxyl compound in an amine-initiated polyol, heating the suspension and alkoxylating the heated suspension. These co-initiated polyether polyols are particularly useful for the production of polyurethanes.

Abstract: Azeotropic compositions made up of (a) from about 26 to about 72% by weight perfluorohexane and (b) one compound selected from (1) about 36 to about 74% by weight 2-methyl butane or (2) about 28 to about 53% by weight n-pentane in which the sum of the weight percent (a) and weight percent (b) is 100 percent may be used as blowing agents in the production of polyurethane/polyurea foams.

Abstract: Azeotropic compositions made up of (a) from about 4 to about 50% by weight 1,3-dioxolane and (b) one compound selected from (1) about 75 to about 96% by weight cyclopentane, (2) about 60 to about 79% by weight 2-methyl pentane, (3) about 59 to about 77% by weight 3-methyl pentane, and (4) about 50 to about 69% by weight n-hexane in which the sum of the weight percent of (a) plus weight percent of (b) is approximately 100 percent are used as blowing agents in the production of polyurethane/polyurea foams.

Abstract: Rigid foams having improved insulation properties are made by reacting a polyisocyanate with an isocyanate-reactive material in the presence of a blowing agent mixture composed of from about 1 to about 30% by weight of at least one C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 polyfluoroalkane and from about 70 to about 99% by weight of an HCFC, preferably an HCFC selected from chlorodifluoromethane, 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Azeotropic compositions made up of from about 60 to about 78% by weight of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and from about 22 to about 40% by weight of tetramethylsilane have been found to be particularly useful as blowing agents for the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams having low thermal conductivity values are produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an organic material having at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms and an OH value of from about 200 to about 650 in the presence of a blowing agent. The blowing agent is a mixture which includes dichlorofluoroethane (HCFC-141b) and greater than 1.0% by weight (based on total weight of the foam forming mixture) water. The foams obtained are characterized by a thermal conductivity of less than about 0.160 Btu-in./hr.ft.sup.2 .degree. F., preferably less than about 0.150 Btu-in./hr.ft.sup.2 .degree. F. These foams are particularly useful as insulation materials.

Abstract: Rigid foams having improved insulation properties are made by reacting a polyisocyanate with an isocyanate-reactive material in the presence of a blowing agent mixture composed of from about 1 to about 30% by weight of at least one C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 polyfluoroalkane and from about 70 to about 99% by weight of an HCFC, preferably an HCFC selected from chlorodifluoromethane, 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Clear, amine-initiated polyether polyols are made by epoxidizing an amine in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide catalyst. After the desired degree of epoxidation has been achieved, a hydroxy-carboxylic acid is added to the epoxidized mixture in an amount sufficient to neutralize any remaining alkali metal hydroxide. The polyols produced in this manner are particularly useful for the production of polyurethane and apolyisocyanurate foams.

Abstract: Azeotropic compositions made up of from about 68.1 to about 69.1% by weight of dimethoxymethane, from about 29.7 to about 30.7% by weight of cyclopentane and from about 0.7 to about 1.7% by weight in which the sum of the weight percents of the components is 100% by weight. These azeotrope-like compositions are useful as blowing agents in the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Azeotropic compositions made up of from about 60 to about 78% by weight of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and from about 22 to about 40% by weight of tetramethylsilane have been found to be particularly useful as blowing agents for the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: An azeotropic composition made up of from about 58 to about 77% by weight of dimethoxymethane and from about 23 to about 42% by weight of cyclopentane is used as a blowing agent in a process for the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: An azeotropic composition made up of from about 58 to about 77% by weight of dimethoxymethane and from about 23 to about 42% by weight of cyclopentane is used as a blowing agent in a process for the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Azeotropic compositions made up of (a) from about 73 to about 88% by weight perfluorohexane and (b) one compound selected from (1) about 14 to about 27% by weight 2-methyl pentane or (2) about 13 to about 25% by weight 3-methyl pentane or (3) about 12 to about 23% by weight, provided that the sum of the weight percent (a) plus weight percent (b) is 100 percent are suitable blowing agents for the production of foams.

Abstract: An azeotropic composition made up of from about 73 to about 87% by weight of 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane and from about 13 to about 27% by weight of n-pentane is used as a blowing agent in a process for the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Azeotropic compositions made up of from about 65 to about 81% by weight of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and from about 19 to about 35% by weight of 2-methyl butane have been found to be particularly useful as blowing agents for the production of polyurethane foams.