Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams are produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a sucrose-based polyether polyol in the presence of a catalyst and a blowing agent selected from hydrogen-containing chlorofluorocarbons, hydrogen-containing fluorocarbons, hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof. These foams are characterized by good demold and insulation properties.

Abstract: Azeotropic compositions made up of from about 64 to about 80% by weight of 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane and from about 20 to about 36% by weight of 2-methyl butane have been found to be particularly useful as blowing agents for the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: An azeotropic composition made up of from about 73 to about 87% by weight of 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane and from about 13 to about 27% by weight of n-pentane is used as a blowing agent in a process for the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: An azeotropic composition made up of from about 73 to about 87% by weight of 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane and from about 13 to about 27% by weight of n-pentane is used as a blowing agent in a process for the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams are produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an amine-based polyether polyol in the presence of a catalyst, a hydrogen-containing fluorocarbon and a minor amount of water. These foams are characterized by K-factors which are about 0.135 BTU-in./hr.ft..sup.2 .degree.F. or less.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams are produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an amine-based polyether polyol in the presence of a catalyst, a hydrogen-containing fluorocarbon and a minor amount of water. These foams are characterized by K-factors which are about 0.135 BTU-in./hr.ft..sup.2 .degree.F. or less.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the discovery that a specific combination of HCFC-141b, certain perfluorinated compounds and carbon black significantly improve the insulating capacity of isocyanate-based foams when compared to foams made without all three ingredients.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams having low thermal conductivity values are produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an organic material having at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms and an OH value of from about 200 to about 650 in the presence of a blowing agent. The blowing agent is a mixture of 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123) or dichlorofluoroethane (HCFC-141b) and from about 0.1 to about 1.0% by weight (based on total weight of the foam forming mixture) water. The foams obtained are characterized by a thermal conductivity of less than about 0.130 Btu-in./hr.ft.sup.2.F, preferably less than about 0.120 Btu-in./hr.ft.sup.2.F. These foams are particularly useful as insulation materials.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams having low thermal conductivity values are produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an organic material having at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms and an OH value of from about 200 to about 650 in the presence of a blowing agent. The blowing agent is a mixture of 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123) or dichlorofluoroethane (HCFC-141b) and from about 0.1 to about 1.0% by weight (based on total weight of the foam forming mixture) water. The foams obtained are characterized by a thermal conductivity of less than about 0.130 Btu-in./hr.ft.sup.2 .degree.F., preferably less than about 0.120 Btu-in./hr.ft.sup.2 .degree.F. These foams are particularly useful as insulation materials.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams having low thermal conductivity values are produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an organic material having at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms and an OH value of from about 200 to about 650 in the presence of a blowing agent. The blowing agent is a mixture of 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123) or dichlorofluoroethane (HCFC-141b) and from about 0.1 to about 1.0% by weight (based on total weight of the foam forming mixture) water. The foams obtained are characterized by a thermal conductivity of less than about 0.130 Btu-in./hr.ft.sup.2. F, preferably less than about 0.120 Btu-in./hr.ft.sup.2. F. These foams are particularly useful as insulation materials.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams having low thermal conductivity values are produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an organic material having at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms and an OH value of from about 200 to about 650 in the presence of a blowing agent. The blowing agent is a mixture of 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123) or dichlorofluoroethane (HCFC-141b) and from about 0.1 to about 1.0% by weight (based on total weight of the foam forming mixture) water. The foams obtained are characterized by a thermal conductivity of less than about 0.130 Btu-in./hr.ft .sup.2 .degree.F., preferably less than about 0.120 Btu-in./hr.ft.sup.2 .degree.F. These foams are particularly useful as insulation materials.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel azeotrope consisting essentially of from 25 to 35% by weight of 2-methylbutane and from 65 to 75% by weight of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, and the use thereof in the production of rigid, closed cell foams.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel azeotrope consisting essentially of from 25 to 35% by weight of 2-methylbutane and from 65 to 75% by weight of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluorethane, and the use thereof in the production of rigid, closed cell foams.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the use of a mixture of specific chlorofluorocarbons and specific hydrocarbons in the production of rigid, closed cell foams.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the use of a mixture of specific chlorofluorocarbons and an alkyl alkanoate in the production of rigid, closed cell foams.

Abstract: Polyether polyols and their method of preparation are disclosed. The polyether polyols are prepared by reacting polyhydric alcohols with an alkylene oxide in the presence of an alkaline catalyst. The reaction mixture is then treated with a hydroxy-carboxylic acid so as to neutralize the alkaline catalyst and form a clear reaction mixture without otherwise removing the alkaline catalyst. The polyether polyols are useful for the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of producing phenolic foams comprising introducing into a substantially closed volume a phenolic resole resin foamable composition and allowing the composition to foam in this volume wherein a pressure in excess of ambient atmospheric pressure is achieved within this volume. This pressure in excess of ambient atmospheric pressure generally is in excess of about 2 pounds per square inch, typically in excess of about 5 pounds per square inch, and preferably in excess of about 6 pounds per square inch, gauge pressure.The present invention is also directed to foams produced by the method of the invention.