Abstract: An engine system includes: a reformer including a catalyst for decomposing fuel into hydrogen and configured to reform the fuel to generate a reformed gas containing the hydrogen; a temperature detection unit configured to detect a temperature of the reformed gas; a rotation fluctuation detection unit configured to detect an amount of rotation fluctuation of an engine; and a deterioration detection unit configured to detect whether reforming performance of the catalyst of the reformer is deteriorated based on detection values of the temperature detection unit and the rotation fluctuation detection unit, wherein when, in an idling period of the engine, the amount of rotation fluctuation of the engine is equal to or greater than a second threshold in a state where the temperature of the reformed gas is equal to or higher than a first threshold, the deterioration detection unit determines that the reforming performance of the catalyst is deteriorated.

Abstract: A dielectric material 1a includes a metal oxide including: Zn; a rare-earth element; and Mn.

Abstract: An engine system includes: a combustor including an ignition unit configured to ignite the fuel gas and configured to generate combustion gas that heats a catalyst; an outside air temperature detection unit configured to detect an outside air temperature; a catalyst temperature detection unit configured to detect a temperature of the catalyst; an operating environment detection unit configured to detect an operating environment of the combustor; a combustion time determination unit configured to determine combustion time of the combustor; and a start control unit configured to, at a time of starting the engine, perform ON control on a starter and the ignition unit and control a third fuel supply valve, a first flow rate control valve, and a second flow rate control valve to open, and thereafter when the combustion time elapses, perform OFF control on the ignition unit and control the third fuel supply valve to close.

Abstract: To provide a rubber extruder capable of efficiently removing volatile components in unvulcanized rubber without decreasing productivity of the unvulcanized rubber. The rubber extruder 1 is for extruding the unvulcanized rubber (G) while kneading. It includes a barrel 2 having an input port 5 for introducing the unvulcanized rubber (G) and a discharge port 6 for discharging the unvulcanized rubber (G), a screw 3, which is arranged in the barrel 2, for extruding the unvulcanized rubber (G), and a vent 4 for sucking out air in the barrel 2. The screw 3 has a dam portion 7 which locally controls an extrusion amount of the unvulcanized rubber (G), a first screw portion 8 defined between the input port 5 and the dam portion 7, and a second screw portion 9 defined between the dam portion 7 and the discharge port 6. An effective screw length (L1) of the first screw portion 8 is 50% or more of a total effective screw length (L) of the screw 3.

Abstract: A damper includes a tubular member that internally forms an action chamber, an annular rod guide secured to one side opening of the tubular member, a rod inserted through an inside of the rod guide so as to be axially movable, an oil seal installed to the action chamber side of the rod guide and seal an outer periphery of the rod, and a sealing member stacked on a side of the rod guide opposite to the action chamber, wherein the sealing member includes a dust seal that seals the outer periphery of the rod, and an outer peripheral seal that seals a gap between the tubular member and the rod guide.

Abstract: A shock absorber includes a cylinder, a piston, a piston rod, and a rod guide provided on an inside end portion of the cylinder so as to support the piston rod to be free to slide, wherein the rod guide includes a retainer attached to an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder so as to face an extension-side chamber, a bearing that supports the piston rod to be free to slide, a main seal provided between the bearing and the retainer, and a seal holder that is provided on a radial direction outer side of the main seal and has an annular recess formed in a surface thereof that opposes the retainer, and a seal holder presses the main seal against an outer peripheral surface of the piston rod upon reception of working oil pressure led into the annular recess from the extension-side chamber.

Abstract: A shock absorber includes a cylinder tube, a damping-force generating portion, a rod, an annular guide portion, and an annular support portion provided to project from an inner circumferential surface of the cylinder tube, the support portion being configured to support the guide portion, wherein the guide portion has an opposing surface formed to oppose the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder tube, and a contacting surface in contact with the support portion, the contacting surface being inclined with respect to the opposing surface, and the contacting surface is formed so as to be, as a whole, inclined with respect to the opposing surface.

Abstract: A shock absorber includes a piston rod and a rod guide provided to one end within the cylinder, the rod guide slidably supporting the piston rod. The rod guide has a retainer facing the extension-side chamber, the retainer being attached to the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder; a bearing slidably supporting the piston rod; a main seal provided between the bearing and the retainer; and a seal holder provided to the outside in the radial direction of the main seal in a state of being compressed in the axial direction by the bearing and the retainer, the seal holder pressing the main seal to the outer peripheral surface of the piston rod.

Abstract: A damper includes a cylinder, an annular rod guide, a rod, an annular oil seal, and an annular seal holder. The cylinder internally forms an action chamber. The rod guide is secured to one side opening of the cylinder. The rod is inserted through an inner peripheral side of the rod guide so as to be axially movable. The oil seal is installed to the action chamber side of the rod guide to be slidably in contact with an outer peripheral surface of the rod. The seal holder supports the oil seal from the action chamber side. The rod guide includes a holding portion to hold the seal holder.

Abstract: A shock absorber provided with a suspension spring, the shock absorber includes a tube whose lower end portion is joined to a vehicle axle side portion provided with a tire, and a lower spring bearing that is provided on an outer circumference of the tube and supports a lower end of the suspension spring. An increased diameter part is provided on the outer circumference of the tube above the lower spring bearing, the increased diameter part having an outer diameter larger than an outer diameter of the tube.

Abstract: A damper includes a cylinder, an annular rod guide, an annular seat, a rod, an annular oil seal, a rebound cushion, and a communication passage. The cylinder houses an action chamber. The rod guide is secured to one side opening of the cylinder. The seat is secured to the rod guide. The rod is inserted through inner peripheral sides of the rod guide and the seat. The oil seal is held to an inner periphery of the rod guide and slidably in contact with an outer peripheral surface of the rod. The rebound cushion bumps against the seat. The communication passage transmits a pressure in the action chamber to the oil seal. An opening on the communication passage on the action chamber side is disposed on an outer peripheral side relative to a part of the seat against which the rebound cushion bumps.

Abstract: A shock absorber provided with a suspension spring, the shock absorber includes a tube whose lower end portion is joined to a vehicle axle side portion provided with a tire, and a lower spring bearing that is provided on an outer circumference of the tube and supports a lower end of the suspension spring. An increased diameter part is provided on the outer circumference of the tube above the lower spring bearing, the increased diameter part having an outer diameter larger than an outer diameter of the tube.

Abstract: A shock absorber provided with a suspension spring, the shock absorber includes a tube whose lower end portion is joined to a vehicle axle side portion provided with a tire, and a lower spring bearing that is provided on an outer circumference of the tube and supports a lower end of the suspension spring. An increased diameter part is provided on the outer circumference of the tube above the lower spring bearing, the increased diameter part having an outer diameter larger than an outer diameter of the tube.

Abstract: A damper includes a cylinder, an annular rod guide, an annular seat, a rod, an annular oil seal, a rebound cushion, and a communication passage. The cylinder houses an action chamber. The rod guide is secured to one side opening of the cylinder. The seat is secured to the rod guide. The rod is inserted through inner peripheral sides of the rod guide and the seat. The oil seal is held to an inner periphery of the rod guide and slidably in contact with an outer peripheral surface of the rod. The rebound cushion bumps against the seat. The communication passage transmits a pressure in the action chamber to the oil seal. An opening on the communication passage on the action chamber side is disposed on an outer peripheral side relative to a part of the seat against which the rebound cushion bumps.

Abstract: A damper includes a tubular member that internally forms an action chamber, an annular rod guide secured to one side opening of the tubular member, a rod inserted through an inside of the rod guide so as to be axially movable, an oil seal installed to the action chamber side of the rod guide and seal an outer periphery of the rod, and a sealing member stacked on a side of the rod guide opposite to the action chamber, wherein the sealing member includes a dust seal that seals the outer periphery of the rod, and an outer peripheral seal that seals a gap between the tubular member and the rod guide.

Abstract: A damper includes a cylinder, an annular rod guide, a rod, an annular oil seal, and an annular seal holder. The cylinder internally forms an action chamber. The rod guide is secured to one side opening of the cylinder. The rod is inserted through an inner peripheral side of the rod guide so as to be axially movable. The oil seal is installed to the action chamber side of the rod guide to be slidably in contact with an outer peripheral surface of the rod. The seal holder supports the oil seal from the action chamber side. The rod guide includes a holding portion to hold the seal holder.

Abstract: A shock absorber provided with a suspension spring, the shock absorber includes a tube whose lower end portion is joined to a vehicle axle side portion provided with a tire, and a lower spring bearing that is provided on an outer circumference of the tube and supports a lower end of the suspension spring. The lower spring bearing includes a bearing part on which the lower end of the suspension spring is seated, and a contact part that is continuous with the bearing part. An outer diameter of the contact part is larger than an outer diameter of the tube.

Abstract: A shock absorber provided with a suspension spring, the shock absorber includes a tube whose lower end portion is joined to a vehicle axle side portion provided with a tire, and a lower spring bearing that is provided on an outer circumference of the tube and supports a lower end of the suspension spring. The lower spring bearing includes a bearing part on which the lower end of the suspension spring is seated, and a contact part that is continuous with the bearing part. An outer diameter of the contact part is larger than an outer diameter of the tube.

Abstract: A shock absorber provided with a suspension spring, the shock absorber includes a tube whose lower end portion is joined to a vehicle axle side portion provided with a tire, and a lower spring bearing that is provided on an outer circumference of the tube and supports a lower end of the suspension spring. An increased diameter part is provided on the outer circumference of the tube above the lower spring bearing, the increased diameter part having an outer diameter larger than an outer diameter of the tube.

Abstract: A valve structure includes a valve disc partitioning an interior of a damper into a one-side chamber and an other-side chamber, a plurality of one-side ports and a plurality of other-side ports communicating between the one-side chamber and the other-side chamber, a one-side leaf valve opening and closing only the one-side ports, and an other-side leaf valve opening and closing only the other-side ports, the one-side ports and the other-side ports are alternately arranged in the valve disc along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of through holes formed in the valve disk is opened from the inner circumferential side of openings of all the other-side ports and communicates with the one-side ports.