Abstract: A gel capillary electrophoresis apparatus has gel capillaries (2) filled with gel (2a) that are fixed at both ends thereof on an upper plate 5 and a lower plate (6). The gel capillaries (2) are arranged coarse on the upper plate (5) for sample injection and dense on the lower plate (6) for fluorescence detection. The apparatus is made easy in the sample injection and high in the fluorescence detection efficiency so that throughput of analysis of DNA and the like can be increased, and is available for three-dimensional electrophoresis.

Abstract: In a DNA detecting method wherein the fluorescence detection type electrophoresis apparatus is used, Texas Red is employed as a fluorophor which labels a DNA fragment, the He-Ne laser having an emission wavelength of 594 nm is used as an excitation light, the excitation light irradiates the line portion of the gel plate simultaneously, and a resulting linear fluorescent image is collected by a cylindrical lens and photodetected, thereby providing an apparatus featuring a higher sensitivity, a smaller size and a lighter weight than conventional apparatuses.

Abstract: An electrophoretic apparatus includes an electrophoresis panel having a fluted glass plate and a non-fluted plane plate. The fluted glass plate is provided with a plurality of substantially parallel narrow electrophoresis grooves and a groove intersecting the electrophoresis grooves for laser beam irradiation. The fluted glass plate and the non-fluted plane plate are closely superposed on each other to form many capillaries adapted to be filled with gel to thereby form many electrophoresis lanes. The electrophoretic apparatus further includes a light measuring instrument to measure fluorescence images at positions which are subjected to laser beam irradiation. Passage of fluorescently labeled sampled fragments through the laser beam irradiation positions in each electrophoresis lane is detected by measuring a change of fluorescence emission with time.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer which comprises an ion source for ionizing a sample and a mass analyzing region for introducing the thus formed ions into a vacuum and mass analyzing the ions, the ion source being provided with a spray ion source comprising a heatable capillary working at least under the atmospheric pressure, the center axis of the capillary being aligned along the center of an aperture for withdrawing the ions and the tip end of the capillary being positioned close to the aperture ionizes a sample from a liquid chromatograph by both atmospheric pressure ionization mode and a thermospray ionization mode and mass analyze the ions, thereby obtaining more exact analytical information on the sample.

Abstract: In a fluorescence detection type electrophoresis apparatus, comprising an electrophoresis separation gel plate (2, 102, 205), an excitation laser beam source (3, 201, 201) for emitting fluorescent light, and a fluorescent light detector (9, 109, 212) for detecting the emitted fluorescent light, a fluorescent light images are divided into a plurality of virtual images by an image divider (5, 7.sub.2, 104, 105, 209) and at the same time, the lights corresponding to the individual divided images are wavelength-selected by bandpass filters (8, 8.sub.3, 107, 108, 120, 227-230), thereby providing highly accurate, sensitive separation and detection of DNA fragments and the like and determination of base sequence of DNA and the like.

Abstract: A fluorescence detection type electrophoresis apparatus comprising an excitation laser beam source (1, 29), fluorescent light detector portion, and electrophoresis separation device which can measure many samples at the same time in such a way that it has a plurality of slab gels (4, 23) being provided in parallel and a fluorescent light detector (8, 32) installed in position where it can individually and simultaneously receive and detect fluorescent lights coming out of migration direction lower ends (16, 40) of the slab gels (4, 23) or of portions adjacent thereto. It is preferable that the fluorescence detection type electrophoresis apparatus has a plurality of slab gels (4, 23) integrated together via gel supporting plates (22).

Abstract: In an electrophoresis apparatus for separating and detecting a sample of DNA or RNA labelled with fluorescence, use is made of a gel plate having a polyacrylamide concentration of 2 to 6% in order to greatly shorten the time required for the measurement.

Abstract: An electrophoresis gel is regenerated by light-irradiating an electrophoresis gel used for separating a fluorescence-labeled sample by electrophoresis and optically detecting the sample, thereby photo-dissociating a fluorescence-labeling substance remaining in the electrophoresis gel and reutilizing the resulting gel repeatedly. A troublesome operation of preparing an electrophoresis gel at every occasion of separation and detection can be saved thereby.

Abstract: In a wavelength dispersion electrophoresis apparatus which detects fluorescences of unequal wavelengths emitted from the samples of DNA, RNA or the like labeled with a plurality of fluorophores, a direct-vision prism (14) is interposed between a two-dimensional fluorescence detector (7) and an electrophoretic plate (17) in order to separate and discriminate the emission wavelengths of the respective fluorophores. The direct-vision prism (14) is disposed for the wavelength dispersion of the fluorescences in this manner, whereby the fluorescences of the individual wavelengths can be separated and detected at a high sensitivity by a simple mechanism and without distorting a fluorescence image.

Abstract: Nucleic acid fragments labelled by radio isotape migrate at speeds that increase as the molecular weights decrease in a migration path served with a potential at both ends thereof. The migration path is constituted by a pipe-shaped gel support such as a glass tube. A ring-shaped scintillator is provided at a middle portion of the migration path to circumscribe the gel support, and whereby the beta rays are detected. A window may be formed in the glass tube at a portion opposed to the scintillator, so that the beta rays are not attenuated by the glass.

Abstract: An electrophoretic apparatus according to this invention comprises electrophoretic paths along which sample fragments labeled with phosphor migrate; electrodes disposed at both the ends of said electrophoretic paths; a driving power source for giving said sample fragments on the electrophoretic paths electrophoretic force by applying an electric potential difference between said electrodes; an excitation light source projecting an excitation light to said sample fragments on said electrophoretic paths; and means for detecting fluorescence emitted by the phosphor existing in the sample fragments and excited by the excitation light. Said an excitation light source is so disposed that the excitation light is projected to said sample fragments on said electrophoretic paths in a direction substantially parallel to a plane containing said electrophoretic paths.

Abstract: An improved electrophoresis apparatus for nucleic acid fragments in which nucleic acid fragments are separated in the order of their molecular weight in an electrophoresis cell using an electrophoretic gel for determining the base sequence of a nucleic acid, the improvement comprising a nucleic acid fragment specimen supply section for supplying the nucleic acid fragments to the electrophoresis cell, disposed thereover a molecular sieving membrane having a predetermined degree of molecular permeability for separating to remove those high molecular weight ingredients in the nucleic acid fragment specimen other than the fragments intended to be analyzed electrophoretically.

Abstract: A sample holder for mass analysis in which a sample to be irradiated by a fast particle beam is held for the measurement of secondary ions released from the sample. A matrix supporter for supporting and supplying a matrix is formed in a narrow space in a box provided in the sample holder.

Abstract: An interface for liquid chromatograph/mass spectrometer (LC/MS) comprises a liquid chromatograph, an atomizing means for successively atomizing an effluent from the liquid chromatograph, and a mass spectrometer for mass-analyzing samples from the atomizing means, where the atomizing means comprises a conical horn and an ultrasonic vibrator. The conical horn has, along its center line, a perforation for passing the effluent. The ultrasonic vibrator is of a doughnut type and is provided around the conical horn and partly in close contact with the conical horn. Mists generated at the end of the conical horn are carried into the ion source of the mass spectrometer together with a carrier gas.

Abstract: A chemical ionization ion source comprising a firt electrode disposed in a discharge region, a counter electrode disposed to confront the first electrode and having at least one space for introducing electrons generated in the discharge region into an ionization region and means for maintaining the counter electrode at a potential higher than that of the first electrode and applying a direct current voltage between the two electrodes, wherein the discharge region and the ionization region are maintained under substantially the same pressures.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is an atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer having a mediate pressure region, wherein a jet separator is incorporated for playing a double role of differential pumping and concentration of the electric field, and wherein a gas jetting aperture of the jet separator and another aperture for introducing a gas to an analyzing region of the spectrometer are made of a conductive body and are adapted to be kept at different electric potentials.