Abstract: An authentication method for a group of devices connected to a network includes selecting the first controller as a coordinator, the coordinator being configured to manage a group key to be used in common in the group. The method includes generating the group key, and performing first mutual authentication and second mutual authentication. The method also includes sharing the group key with each device for which the first mutual authentication has been successful, and sharing the group key with each second controller for which the second mutual authentication has been successful. The method further includes encrypting transmission data by using the group key to generate encrypted data, generating, authentication data by using the group key, and simultaneously broadcasting a message to each device for which the first mutual authentication has been successful and each second controller for which the second mutual authentication has been successful.

Abstract: A method for a fraud detecting controller connected to networks for communication by a plurality of controllers, includes, storing fraud detection rules, determining whether a message transmitted on the network connected to the fraud detecting controller conforms to the rules, receiving data including updated fraud detection rules and network type information indicating one network type to which the updated fraud detection rules are to be applied; and determining whether a vehicle having an on-board network is running, the on-board network including the plurality of controllers. When the vehicle is running, additionally determining whether the network type information indicates a drive network which is connected to a controller related to vehicle travel, when the network type information indicates the drive network, not updating to the updated fraud detection rules, and when the network type information does not indicate the drive network, updating to the updated fraud detection rules.

Abstract: A misuse detection electronic control unit in a vehicle network system including a plurality of electronic control units that communicate with one another through buses in accordance with a CAN protocol includes a transceiver unit that performs a reception step of receiving a target data frame and a reference data frame transmitted through the buses, wherein the target data frame is a data frame having a first identifier and wherein the reference data frame is a data frame having a second identifier different from the first identifier and a misuse detection process unit that performs a detection step of performing, as misuse detection for the target data frame, evaluation in accordance with a reception timing of the reference data frame and a reception timing of the target data frame on the basis of a certain rule specifying a reception interval between the reference data frame and the target data frame.

Abstract: An anomaly handling method using a roadside device is disclosed. The method includes receiving, from a vehicle, an anomaly detection notification, which includes level information indicating a level affecting safety, and a location of the vehicle. The method also includes obtaining a location of the roadside device and determining whether a distance between the location of the vehicle and the location of the roadside device is within a predetermined range. When the distance is within the predetermined range and shorter than a first predetermined distance, transmitting the received anomaly detection notification externally from the roadside device. When the distance is within the predetermined range and is longer than or equal to the first predetermined distance, changing to decrement a level indicated by the level information, and transmitting changed anomaly detection notification. When the distance is not within the predetermined range, not transmitting the received anomaly detection notification.

Abstract: A method for use in a network system is provided. The network system includes a plurality of electronic controllers that transmits and receives, via a network, a plurality of frames. The plurality of frames includes at least one control frame that instructs predetermined control to an object of control. The method receives, sequentially, the plurality of frames from the network, and determines whether the predetermined control, instructed by the control frame received in the receiving, is to be suppressed, based on a set of frames received in the receiving. The set of frames is received in the receiving within a predetermined period preceding a time of reception of the control frame.

Abstract: A method for verifying content data to be used in a vehicle is provided. The method includes acquiring content data, acquiring, from partial data divided from the content data, a respective plurality of first hash values, acquiring a signature generated by using the first hash values and a key, acquiring state information that indicates a state of a vehicle, determining an integer N that is greater than or equal to one based on the acquired state information, generating, from N pieces of partial data included in the partial data, respective second hash values, verifying the content data by using each of (a) a subset of the plurality of first hash values respectively generated from partial data other than the N pieces of partial data, (b) the second hash values, and (c) the signature, and outputting information that indicates a result of the verifying.

Abstract: A communication control device connects an engine ECU to a network and includes: a communicator that receives a message from the engine ECU and transmits the message to the network, and receives a message from the network and transmits the message to the engine ECU; a transmission ID list holder that holds a transmission ID list including a transmission ID included in the message from the engine ECU; and a controller that controls the communicator and the transmission ID list holder. When the transmission ID included in the message from the engine ECU is not in the transmission ID list, the controller adds the transmission ID to the transmission ID list and transmits information related to the transmission ID list to the network.

Abstract: An anomaly detection server is provided. The anomaly detection server is a server for counteracting an anomalous frame transmitted on an on-board network of a single vehicle. The anomaly detection server acquires information about multiple frames received on one or multiple on-board networks of one or multiple vehicles, including the single vehicle. The anomaly detection server, acting as an assessment unit that, based on the information about the multiple frames and information about a frame received on the on-board network of the single vehicle after the acquisition of the information about the multiple frames, assesses an anomaly level of the frame received on the on-board network of the single vehicle.

Abstract: An unauthorized control suppression method for use in a network system is provided. The network system includes a plurality of electronic controllers that exchange, via a communication channel, a plurality of frames The plurality of frames includes at least one control frame that instructs predetermined control to an object of control. The method receives, sequentially, the plurality of frames from the communication channel, and determines whether the predetermined control, instructed by the control frame received in the receiving, is to be suppressed, based on a set of frames received in the receiving. The set of frames is received in the receiving within a predetermined period preceding a time of reception of the control frame.

Abstract: A network system includes a first network through which a frame of a first type is transmitted in accordance with a first communication protocol and includes a second network in which a frame of a second type is transmitted in accordance with a second communication protocol. A gateway device is connected to the first network and the second network. The gateway device sequentially receives frames of the first type from the first network and determines whether to transmit data regarding the received frames of the first type to the second network. The gateway device transmits, to the second network, a frame of the second type including data regarding a plurality of the frames of the first type determined to be transmitted to the second network when a condition relating to a number of frames of the first type received by the gateway device is satisfied.

Abstract: A gateway device connected to a network used in communication by multiple electronic control units provided on-board a vehicle. The gateway device performs operations including receiving firmware update information that includes updated firmware for one electronic control unit among the electronic control units, and acquiring system configuration information indicating a function of each of the electronic control units connected to the network. The gateway device further performs a controlling operation to update firmware of the one electronic control unit, for which updated firmware is received by the receiving, on a basis of the updated firmware, after an operation verification of the updated firmware is performed in an operating environment appropriately. The operating environment being configured with electronic control units of the same functions as each of the electronic control units indicated by the system configuration information.

Abstract: An anomaly detection server is provided. The anomaly detection server is a server for counteracting an anomalous frame transmitted on an on-board network of a single vehicle. The anomaly detection server acquires information about multiple frames received on one or multiple on-board networks of one or multiple vehicles, including the single vehicle. The anomaly detection server, acting as an assessment unit that, based on the information about the multiple frames and information about a frame received on the on-board network of the single vehicle after the acquisition of the information about the multiple frames, assesses an anomaly level of the frame received on the on-board network of the single vehicle.

Abstract: A gateway device is connected via one or more networks to electronic controllers on-board a vehicle. The gateway device includes one or more memories, and circuitry that acquires firmware update information. The circuitry determines whether or not a first electronic controller satisfies a second condition based on second information about the first electronic controller, where the second information is whether the first electronic controller includes a firmware cache for performing a pre-update firmware cache operation. The circuitry also causes, when the second condition is not satisfied, the gateway device to execute a proxy process, where the gateway device requests the first electronic controller to transmit boot ROM data to the gateway device, creates updated boot ROM data with the updated firmware, and transmits the updated boot ROM data to the first electronic controller that updates the boot ROM and resets the first electronic controller with the updated firmware.

Abstract: A hub is connected to first and second networks where first-type and second-type frames are transmitted following first and second communication protocols. The hub sequentially receives each of the first-type and second-type frames, and stores data in first and second reception buffers. If the destination of data stored in the first and second reception buffers is the first network, the hub stores the data in a first transmission buffer. If the destination is the second network, the hub stores the data in a second transmission buffer. If the first transmission buffer is a priority transmission buffer, the hub transmits priority data in the first transmission buffer with priority over non-priority data in the second transmission buffer, which is a non-priority transmission buffer.

Abstract: A new controller (supporting device authentication) is a controller which performs encrypted communication with a device which has succeeded in mutual authentication using an electronic certificate, and the controller includes: a determining unit that determines whether or not a communication target device with which communication is to be performed is an authentication support device that supports the mutual authentication; a functional restriction unit that, when the communication target device is determined not to be the authentication support device by the determining unit, imposes a functional restriction on one or more functions of the communication target device which are operable by the new controller (supporting device authentication); and a communication unit which performs communication in plain text with the communication target device with the functional restriction imposed by the functional restriction unit.

Abstract: An electronic control unit is connected to a network in an in-vehicle network system. The electronic control unit includes a first control circuit and a second control circuit. The first control circuit is connected to the network via the second control circuit. The second control circuit performs a first determination process on a frame to determine conformity of the frame with a first rule. Upon determining that the frame conforms to the first rule, the second control circuit transmits the frame to the first control circuit. The first control circuit performs a second determination process on the frame to determine conformity of the frame with a second rule. The second rule is different from the first rule.

Abstract: An electronic control unit connected to a bus of a first network where first-type frames are transmitted following a first communication protocol and a second network where second-type frames are transmitted following a second communication protocol in an onboard network system. The electronic control unit sequentially receives the first-type and the second-type frames from the bus and the second network respectively, and stores in first and second reception buffers, respectively. The electronic control unit sequentially generates first-type data and second-type data by referencing the contents of the first reception buffer and the second reception buffer, and stores the first-type and second-type data in first and second transmission buffers, respectively. The first-type data is traveling control data for a vehicle, and the second-type data is other data. The first-type or second-type data that is priority type data is transmitted with priority.

Abstract: A network system includes a first network through which a frame of a first type is transmitted in accordance with a first communication protocol and includes a second network in which a frame of a second type is transmitted in accordance with a second communication protocol. A gateway device is connected to the first network and the second network. The gateway device sequentially receives frames of the first type from the first network and determines whether to transmit data regarding the received frames of the first type to the second network. The gateway device transmits, to the second network, a frame of the second type including data regarding a plurality of the frames of the first type determined to be transmitted to the second network.

Abstract: A gateway device for a vehicle network system is provided. The vehicle network system includes a first network, a second network, a first electronic control unit connected to the first network, a second electronic control unit connected to the second network, and the gateway device connected to the first network and the second network. The gateway device receives a first frame transmitted to the first network by the first electronic control unit; determines whether or not the first frame is appropriate; generates a second frame when the first frame is not determined to be appropriate; and transmits the second frame to the second network. The second frame includes control information and additional information based on content of the first frame. The control information restricts processing of the additional information included in the second frame by the second electronic control unit.

Abstract: A gateway connected to a bus used for communication by a plurality of ECUs provided on-board a vehicle is provided with: an external communication unit that receives, from a server external to the vehicle, firmware update information that includes updated firmware for one ECU from among the plurality of ECUs; an ECU information acquiring unit that acquires system configuration information indicating the type of each of the plurality of ECUs connected to the bus; and a FW update processing unit that performs a controlling operation to update firmware of the relevant ECU based on the updated firmware, after an operation verification of the updated firmware is performed using an ECU of each type indicated by the system configuration information.