Abstract: The present invention aims to provide an anode active material which may intend to improve safety of a battery. The object is attained by providing an anode active material being used for a sodium ion battery or a lithium ion battery, wherein the anode active material has an A4Nb6O17 phase (A is at least one kind of H, Na and K).

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide an anode active material which may intend to improve safety of a battery. The object is attained by providing an anode active material used for a sodium ion battery or a lithium ion battery, wherein the anode active material has an A?Ak?1BkO3k+1 phase (A? is at least one kind of K and Na, A is at least one kind of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Ca and Sr, B is Nb, and k is 2, 3 or 4) as a Dion-Jacobson type crystal phase.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide an anode active material for a sodium ion battery with favorable rate characteristic. The object is attained by providing an anode active material for a sodium ion battery comprising an active substance having an MNb3O8 phase belonging to an orthorhombic crystal (M is at least one kind of H, Li, Na and K), and a carbon material contacting with the active substance, wherein the active substance and the carbon material are composited.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery provided by this invention has electrodes and configured in a structure in which active material layers, including active materials and binders, are held by collectors. The active material of at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electrodes is formed from a metal compound which stores and releases lithium ions through conversion reactions. The lithium secondary battery includes a polyimide-base resin as a binder.

Abstract: The present invention is suppressing the elongating phenomenon in the dark field image of defects in detecting a minute defect by using a dark field microscope. Provided is a method for detecting defects in which scattered light generated from the sample, is concentrated to form an image and is captured and processed to extract a defect to find the positional information of the defect, and the positional information is output, wherein an image of the scattered light that suppresses the occurrence of the elongating phenomenon is formed for which partial shielding of a component of the forward scattered light, that passes through a region near the outer edge of the field of view of the objective lens, and the positional information for the defect is found from a luminance signal for a defect that is extracted from a captured scattered light image that suppresses the occurrence of the elongating phenomenon.

Abstract: When contamination or local electrification is generated during acquisition of a low-magnification image, if a high-magnification image contains both a portion in which the contamination or local electrification is generated and a portion in which the contamination or local electrification is not generated, a region whose image quality has changed due to the contamination or local electrification is erroneously recognized as a defect. Thus, defect detection fails or it may be impossible to correctly determine the feature quantity of a defect. The invention provides a defect observation system that acquires sample images at a low magnification and a high magnification, and sets the position or size of the field of view of the high-magnification image or the electron beam irradiation range during acquisition of the low-magnification image no that the image acquired at the high magnification does not contain the outer edge of the image acquired at the low magnification.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material for a sodium-ion battery includes a Li4Ti5O12 phase. A BET specific surface area is equal to or greater than 153 m2/g, and a crystallite size is equal to or smaller than 69 ?.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material for a sodium-ion battery includes a compound including an aromatic ring structure and two or more COOX groups in which X is Li or Na, and which are bonded to ends of the aromatic ring structure, the aromatic ring structure including an aromatic heterocyclic ring that contains nitrogen in the ring.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material for a sodium-ion battery includes a negative electrode active material ingredient that is a compound having an aromatic ring structure and two or more COOX groups in which X is Li or Na, and which are bonded to ends of the aromatic ring structure; and a carbon material. The carbon material has an interlayer distance d002 equal to or smaller than 3.5 ? or a D/G ratio equal to or smaller than 0.80, the D/G ratio being obtained by Raman spectrometry.

Abstract: A main object of the present invention is to provide an anode active material capable of increasing energy density at the same time increasing battery safety, and a metal ion battery prepared with the anode active material. The present invention is an anode active material including an element that belongs to alunite group capable to insert and remove an ion(s) of at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of alkali metal elements and alkaline-earth metal elements, and a metal ion battery having a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte filled between the cathode and the anode, the electrolyte conducting a metal ion(s), wherein the anode active material is contained in the anode.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery provided by this invention has electrodes and configured in a structure in which active material layers, including active materials and binders, are held by collectors. The active material of at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electrodes is formed from a metal compound which stores and releases lithium ions through conversion reactions. The lithium secondary battery includes a polyimide-base resin as a binder.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery 100 provided by this invention has electrodes 30 and 40 configured in a structure in which active material layers 34 and 44, including active materials and binders, are held by collectors 32 and 42. The active material of at least one of the positive electrode 30 and the negative electrode 40 of the electrodes is formed from a metal compound which stores and releases lithium ions through conversion reactions. The lithium secondary battery 100 includes a polyimide-base resin as a binder.

Abstract: The problem of the present invention is to provide a sodium ion battery system with high charge and discharge efficiency. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem by providing a sodium ion battery system comprising a sodium ion battery and a charge control unit, wherein the anode active material is an active material having an Na2Ti6O13 crystal phase, the anode active material layer contains a carbon material as a conductive material, and the above-mentioned charge control unit controls electric potential of the above-mentioned anode active material higher than electric potential in which an Na ion is irreversibly inserted into the above-mentioned carbon material.

Abstract: The problem of the present invention is to provide a sodium ion battery system capable of intending higher capacity. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem by providing a sodium ion battery system comprising a sodium ion battery and a charge control unit, wherein the anode active material is an active material having an Na2Ti6O13 crystal phase, and the above-mentioned charge control unit controls electric current and electric potential of the above-mentioned anode active material so as to cause a second Na insertion reaction on the lower electric potential side in addition to a first Na insertion reaction in the above-mentioned Na2Ti6O13 crystal phase.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery (10) provided by the present invention has an iron oxide film-coated electrode employing a configuration in which an iron oxide film (144) capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing lithium is retained on an electrically conductive base (142). The electrically conductive base (142) has a roughened surface having a surface roughness Rz of 3 ?m or more, and the iron oxide film (144) is provided on the roughened surface.

Abstract: When the degree of matching between patterns decreases due to a pattern fluctuation or an appearance fluctuation that has occurred during manufacturing steps, a heavy work burden would be placed on an operator. A data processing unit of a pattern matching apparatus calculates a threshold for determination of matching between a first template image and a partial region of a search target image obtained by capturing an image of the surface of a sample, on the basis of a result of evaluation of a similarity between the search target image and a second template image, the second template image having been captured in a wider range than the first template image.

Abstract: A main object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an anode material which enhances the reversibility of the conversion reaction and the cycle characteristics of lithium secondary batteries. The object is attained by providing a method for producing an anode material that is used in a lithium secondary battery, comprising a mechanical milling step of micronizing a raw material composition containing MgH2 by mechanical milling.

Abstract: An anode material for use in a metal secondary battery contains MgH2, and a metal catalyst which is in contact with the MgH2 and improves the reversibility of a conversion reaction. The metal secondary battery includes a cathode active material layer, an anode active material layer, and an electrolyte layer that is formed between the cathode active material layer and the anode active material layer, and the anode active material layer contains the anode material. A method for the production of an anode material for use in a metal secondary battery includes a contacting step of contacting MgH2 with a metal catalyst which improves the reversibility of a conversion reaction.

Abstract: An image data processing system has a learning storage apparatus that stores projection matrixes obtained by canonical correlation analysis so as to derive, based on at least one of an image feature and a word feature, a latent variable as an abstract concept used for associating an image with a word corresponding thereto and that further stores information required for obtaining the latent variable acquired by use of the projection matrixes, a probability of occurrence of an arbitrary image feature from a certain latent variable and a probability of occurrence of an arbitrary word feature from a certain latent variable. In this way, a probability of the image feature and word feature being simultaneously outputted can be easily and quickly determined, thereby executing a high-speed annotation or retrieval with high precision.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery (10) provided by the present invention has an iron oxide film-coated electrode employing a configuration in which an iron oxide film (144) capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing lithium is retained on an electrically conductive base (142). The electrically conductive base (142) has a roughened surface having a surface roughness Rz of 3 ?m or more, and the iron oxide film (144) is provided on the roughened surface.