Abstract: An intermediate displacement board (120) composed of a metal plate is arranged on a printed circuit board (110) having electrode patterns (E1-E7) and then a strain generative body (130) composed of silicon rubber is arranged on top thereof. Then, the arrangement is fixed to the printed circuit board (110) with attachments (140). Depressing a displacement portion (133) causes a connecting portion (132) to be deflected and an electrode (F0) to be brought into contact with the electrodes (E1, E2) to make them conductive, thereby allowing the pushbutton switch to be turned ON. Depressing further the displacement portion (133) causes an elastic deformation portion (134) to be elastically deformed and crushed and the intermediate displacement board (120) to be pushed downward. The capacitance of capacitors (C3-C7), which are constituted by the electrodes (E3-E7) and the intermediate displacement board (120), are varied according to the depression of the intermediate displacement board (120).

Abstract: A sensor for detecting levels of fluids and particulate matter is based on differences in dielectric constants of the various materials. The difference is reflected in different capacitance across electrodes immersed to different depths in such materials. A square-wave clock pulse is input into circuit composed of the capacitance and a resister in series. The output voltage is fed into a logic unit (such as exclusive-OR), which converts the exponential decay of the voltage into a pulse of uniform height with duration proportional to the time constant (proportional to the capacitance) of the exponential decay. The pulse is optionally fed through a low-pass filter to give a signal proportional to the duration.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting levels of fluids and particulate matter is based on differences in dielectric constants of the various materials. The difference is reflected in different capacitance across electrodes immersed to different depths in such materials. A square-wave clock pulse is input into circuit composed of the capacitance and a resister in series. The output voltage is fed into a logic unit (such as exclusive-OR), which converts the exponential decay of the voltage into a pulse of uniform height with duration proportional to the time constant (proportional to the capacitance) of the exponential decay. The pulse is optionally fed through a low-pass filter to give a signal proportional to the duration.

Abstract: A one-component, thermosetting resin composition curable through a Michael reaction between (a) a component having a plurality of .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated carbonyl groups and (b) a component having a plurality of activated methylene of activated methyne groups is disclosed. The curing reaction is catalyzed with a quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or tertiary sulfonium salt in the presence of a five-membered cyclic carbonate compound independently added to the composition or covalently attached to either component (a) or component (b).

Abstract: A resin composition curable through a Michael reaction between (a) a component having a plurality of .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated carbonyl groups and (b) a component having a plurality of activated methylene, activated methyne or hydroxyl groups is disclosed. The curing reaction is catalyzed with a quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or tertiary sulfonium salt in the presence of an epoxy compound independently added to the composition or covalently attacted to either component (a) or component (b).

Abstract: After being formed an engaged die by engaging a male die of an upside die to a female die of a downside die through a space, being carried the engaged die on a carrier to a stamping part and being fastened the male die to an upside die mount after being lowered this mount, the mount is raised and the male die is pull out from the female die. After being returned the carrier to the former place, being brought the sliding plate close to the upper surface of the downside die, being supplied the stacked paper sheets having cutting slits and connecting portions along a guide plate of the sliding plate, being moved the carrier with pressing to the sheet positioning position and being positioned the downside die to just under part of the upside die, the supplementary supporting block is contacted with the lower side of the downside die. In this condition, the supplementary supporting block is lowered with pressing the shaped section with the male die by lowering the upside die mount.