Abstract: A reversible image display medium including two sheets; one or more developer accommodating cells formed between the two sheets, and each having a periphery surrounded by a partition wall; and dry developer contained in each of the cell(s), wherein the dry developer contains at least two kinds of frictionally chargeable dry developer particles having different chargeable polarities and different optical reflection densities. The image is displayed by forming a predetermined electrostatic field for each pixel in accordance with the image to be displayed and thereby moving the developer particles in a frictionally charged state. The image formed on the reversible image display medium can be erased, e.g., by an image erasing device.

Abstract: An aerosol product comprising a double-chamber container separated by a movable partition capable of dividing contents therewith, one spatial portion thereof being loaded with contents to be discharged and the other spatial portion being loaded with compressed gas for pressurizing. The compressed gas is a mixed compressed gas of at least two types of mixed gas, at least a part of the partition presents permeability of the compressed gas, and the mixed compressed gas selectively permeates the partition to be dissolved in the contents to be ready for discharge.

Abstract: (1) Electrophotographic liquid developer comprising electrically insulating medium liquid and toner dispersed in the medium liquid, wherein the toner has a melt viscosity (.eta.) in a range from 2.times.10.sup.2 poises to 1.times.10.sup.5 poises at 100.degree. C. in a dry state, and has a glass transition temperature of 20.degree. C. or more.(2) Electrophotographic liquid developer comprising electrically insulating medium liquid and toner dispersed in the medium liquid, wherein the toner contains binder resin exhibiting at least one peak in each of ranges of a molecular weight lower than 5000 and of a molecular weight of 5000 or more when detected by a gel permeation chromatography (GPC).

Abstract: A liquid developer set formed of a liquid developer used for developing an electrostatic latent image and containing a carrier liquid, a charge director and toner, a first liquid, which is obtained by removing a solid component from the liquid developer, having a charge director concentration C1 and a conductivity E1; a concentrated liquid developer containing the carrier liquid, the charge director and the toner in a higher concentration than the toner concentration of the liquid developer, a second liquid, which is obtained by removing a solid component from the concentrated liquid developer, having a charge director concentration C2 and a conductivity E2 substantially equal to the concentration C1 and the conductivity E1, respectively; and a diluent containing the carrier liquid and the charge director, and having a charge director concentration C3 and a conductivity E3 substantially equal to the concentration C1 and the conductivity E1, respectively.

Abstract: Toner includes binder resin having an acid value in a range from 10 mgKOH/g to 100 mgKOH/g; and at least one kind of compound selected from among Color Index Pigment Yellow 180 and derivatives thereof. A liquid developer includes the toner and carrier liquid. Toner includes binder resin having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) in a range from 3000 to 10000; and at least one kind of compound selected from among Color Index Pigment Yellow 180 and derivatives thereof. A liquid developer includes the toner and carrier liquid.

Abstract: The steps for designing a complex object of design are centralized, and the setting for processing programs started with the steps is greatly simplified, so that the load on the designer is reduced, and errors in design are also reduced. To that end, in the event of designing an object of design by a plurality of steps, the plurality of steps are displayed on a CRT display, judgment is made whether execution thereof is possible, and based on that judgment, executable steps are displayed in green, and non-executable steps are displayed in red. Setting of the parts necessary for design, and the setting of CAD tools started in the steps is performed by keyboard or mouse, and the steps of which the state has change are identified, and the color thereof is changed.

Abstract: The invention provides the following liquid developers (1)-(5). (1) A liquid developer including a carrier liquid having an aniline point of 80.degree. C. to 100.degree. C.; and at least one compound selected from among Color Index Pigment Yellow 180, Color Index Solvent Yellow 162 and derivatives of these. (2) A liquid developer including a carrier liquid having an aniline point of 80.degree. C. to 100.degree. C.; toner; and at least one compound selected from among salicylic acid metal salt and derivatives thereof. (3) A liquid developer including a carrier liquid having an aniline point of 80.degree. C. to 100.degree. C.; toner; and at least one compound selected from among borate-containing compound and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A liquid developer having a superior sedimentation characteristic and floating characteristic and an image forming apparatus using said liquid developer, wherein said liquid developer comprising toner dispersed in liquid medium and the difference in specific gravity between said toner and said liquid medium is at or lower than a prescribed level.

Abstract: A liquid developer for electrophotography using a polyester resin as a toner binder resin which is suitable for high-speed systems and has excellent stability over time is disclosed.The invention is a novel liquid developer for electrophotography having colored particles dispersed in an electrically insulated fluid medium. The liquid developer includes an oil-soluble ionic surface active agent as a charge controller. According to one embodiment, the colored particles include a binder resin having an acid value of 40 mgKOH/g or higher but less than or equal to 100 mgKOH/g. According to another embodiment, the colored particles include a binder resin having a glass transition temperature Tg of 35.degree. C. or higher but less than or equal to 65.degree. C.

Abstract: A liquid developer having polymer particles dispersed in a dispersion medium, wherein the polymer particles have a mean volume particle size d.sub.50 of 0.5.about.5.0 .mu.m, and degree of flatness (longest diameter of a single particle/shortest diameter of a single particle) is greater than 1.5 but less than 30.

Abstract: A color image forming method and apparatus of the electrophotographic type with a plurality of liquid developing devices. In a plurality of liquid developing devices accommodating liquid developer comprising colored microparticles dispersed in an electrically insulated fluid medium are used to form toner images of different colors, which are electrostatically transferred and overlaid one over another on a transfer medium to produce an overlaid toner image. The color image forming method and apparatus providing excellent overlay transfer characteristics for toner images transferred to a transfer medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid developer for electrophotography comprising: carrier liquid, and toner particles, dispersed in the carrier liquid, formed of binder resin and colorant, wherein said carrier liquid contains acidic dispersion resin and basic dispersion resin which are soluble in said carrier liquid. Further, the present invention provides a liquid developer for electrophotography comprising: carrier liquid, and toner particles, dispersed in the carrier liquid, formed of binder resin and colorant, wherein said liquid developer contains a basic dispersion resin that is soluble in said carrier liquid and has a moisture content of 500.about.20,000 ppm, and has an acidic group on the surface of the toner particle.

Abstract: A liquid developer transfer device disposed between a reservoir accommodating a liquid developer having a fluid medium and electrically charged toner particles dispersed therein and an electrostatic latent image carrying member, which performs toner transfer by repeating electrodeposition.

Abstract: A method for producing a liquid developer comprising steps of:adding a colored resin to a nonpolar dispersion medium;elevating the temperature of said nonpolar dispersion medium above the melting point of said resin;producing a resin emulsion by mixing said heated nonpolar dispersion medium containing said resin therein; andcooling said resin emulsion so as to obtain colored resin microparticles.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer member for use in image forming apparatus which produce images by transferring a toner image formed on an image-bearing member to an intermediate transfer member, and transferring the toner image held on said intermediate transfer member to a recording medium. The intermediate transfer member comprises at least three layers of a conductive substrate, intermediate layer, and surface layer, and the volume resistivity of said surface layer is lower than the volume resistivity of said intermediate layer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a liquid developer monitoring device comprising a first electrode which contacts with a liquid developer comprising a liquid medium and electrically charged toner particles dispersed therein, a second electrode being either a developing roller or a separate roller which provides a fresh surface and immerses said surface in the liquid developer, an electric power source which applies a bias voltage between said first and second electrodes so as to deposit the toner particles on the second electrode, and a sensor which measures magnitude of current flowing between said first and second electrodes during the deposition of the toner particles. A cleaning device removes the deposited toner on the second electrode. The sensor includes an electric coil, a magnet inserted in the coil and a Hall element.

Abstract: A liquid developer for developing an electrostatic latent image having a carrier fluid and electrically charged toner particles dispersed therein, wherein the liquid developer satisfies the following relationship:25.0.gtoreq.V.sub.0 /.DELTA.V.sub.10 .gtoreq.1.5wherein V.sub.0 denotes surface potential of a toner particle layer electrically deposited on a conductive substrate by applying bias voltage between the substrate and an electrode confronting with the substrate, and .DELTA.V.sub.10 denotes change of the surface potential decaying for 10 seconds after shutting off the bias voltage.

Abstract: A radiation sensitive resin composition useful as a negative type resist which can form a resist pattern having a good shape, has so high acid resistance as not to be affected by an etchant and a high adhesion to the substrate, and is endowed with so high a strippability as to be easily dissolved in a stripping solution consisting of an organoalkali. Said composition comprises (1) 100 parts by weight of an alkali-soluble novolak resin having a polystyrene reduced weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 10,000, (2) 1 to 10 parts by weight of a compound having a methylol group and/or an alkoxymethyl group and being capable of cross-linking the alkali-soluble novolak resin (1) in the presence of an acid, and (3) 0.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an device for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on a latent image carrying member using a liquid developer containing toner particles dispersed in a fluid medium, and an intermediate transfer member having a surface layer onto which is transferred the developer image from the image carrying member, water absorption of the surface layer being in the range between 0.15 and 10.0 percent by weight.

Abstract: Liquid developing method and liquid developing device for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on a latent image carrying member via a toner dispersed in a carrier liquid. An electrostatic latent image is formed on an image carrying surface, a liquid developer layer having a bottom layer of toner particles as the main constituent and a top layer of liquid carrier as the main constituent is formed on a developer holding surface and the electrostatic image is contacted with the top layer without substantially contacting the bottom layer with the image carrying surface. A member for maintaining a clearance between an image carrying member and a developer holding member at a predetermined space in which the top layer contacts with the electrostatic latent image without contacting the bottom layer to the image carrying member is provided.