Abstract: A laser welding apparatus capable of eliminating or reducing a possibility that a part of air flows upward and hence fumes adhere to its protective optical member is provided. A laser welding apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a protective optical member disposed between a laser scanner and a workpiece, an upper-side gas supply unit, and a lower-side gas supply unit disposed below the upper-side gas supply unit. The protective optical member includes a plate-like part and a cylindrical part extending downward from an outer edge of the plate-like part. The upper-side gas supply unit is disposed below the plate-like part of the protective optical member. The upper-side gas supply unit includes a plurality of first ejection ports configured to eject gas to a center of the plate-like part, and a plurality of second ejection ports configured to eject gas downward with respect to the plate-like part.

Abstract: A vehicle drive device includes an internal combustion engine, a power transmission device, and a reinforcing member coupled to both the internal combustion engine and the power transmission device. A seal is arranged between a cylinder head and a cam housing that are adjacent to each other in a direction parallel to an axis of a cylinder. A reinforcing member is coupled to the cam housing. A first fastening portion of the cam housing that is fastened to the reinforcing member is arranged at a position away from a contact portion of the cam housing that contacts the seal in the direction parallel to the axis.

Abstract: A balancer structure for an internal combustion engine and the internal combustion engine are provided. A transmission driving gear are arranged to be rotatable integrally with a crankshaft. A transmission driven gear is arranged to be rotatable integrally with a first balance shaft. The transmission driven gear meshes with the transmission driving gear. A balancer driving gear is arranged to be rotatable integrally with the first balance shaft. A balancer driven gear is arranged to be rotatable integrally with the second balance shaft. The balancer driven gear meshes with the balancer driving gear. The first balance shaft includes an output portion. The output portion outputs torque to an engine-driven accessory.

Abstract: A balancer structure for an internal combustion engine and the internal combustion engine are provided. A transmission driving gear are arranged to be rotatable integrally with a crankshaft. A transmission driven gear is arranged to be rotatable integrally with a first balance shaft. The transmission driven gear meshes with the transmission driving gear. A balancer driving gear is arranged to be rotatable integrally with the first balance shaft. A balancer driven gear is arranged to be rotatable integrally with the second balance shaft. The balancer driven gear meshes with the balancer driving gear. The first balance shaft includes an output portion. The output portion outputs torque to an engine-driven accessory.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a first blow-by gas passage defined in a second wall. The internal combustion engine includes a second blow-by gas passage defined in a third wall. The internal combustion engine includes a third blow-by gas passage defined in a fourth wall. The first blow-by gas passage to the third blow-by gas passage connect an oil chamber and an oil separator to each other. The second wall includes a first connecting path. The fourth wall includes a second connecting path. The first connecting path connects the first crank chamber and the second crank chamber. The second connecting path connects the third crank chamber and the fourth crank chamber to each other. The third wall does not have a passage connecting the second crank chamber and the third crank chamber to each other.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a first blow-by gas passage defined in a second wall. The internal combustion engine includes a second blow-by gas passage defined in a third wall. The internal combustion engine includes a third blow-by gas passage defined in a fourth wall. The first blow-by gas passage to the third blow-by gas passage connect an oil chamber and an oil separator to each other. The second wall includes a first connecting path. The fourth wall includes a second connecting path. The first connecting path connects the first crank chamber and the second crank chamber. The second connecting path connects the third crank chamber and the fourth crank chamber to each other. The third wall does not have a passage connecting the second crank chamber and the third crank chamber to each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a helical toothed belt including: a back portion in which a tension member is buried; and a plurality of tooth portions, in which: the plurality of tooth portions have a tooth pitch of 2 mm or more and less than 4 mm, in a case where the tooth pitch of the plurality of tooth portions is 2 mm or more and less than 3 mm, the back portion has a thickness of 0.4 mm or more and 1.2 mm or less, in a case where the tooth pitch of the plurality of tooth portions is 3 mm or more and less than 4 mm, the thickness of the back portion is 0.6 mm or more and 1.8 mm or less; and the tension member is a twisted cord including a high-strength glass fiber or a carbon fiber.

Abstract: A V-clamp fastens a clamping flange of a turbine housing and a clamping flange of a bearing housing in a rotation axis direction of a connecting shaft so that the clamping flanges are fixed to each other. An annular heat shield plate is disposed between the turbine housing and the bearing housing. The heat shield plate is clamped by the turbine housing and the bearing housing. A clearance is disposed in an entire area between an opposed surface of the clamping flange of the turbine housing and an opposed surface of the clamping flange of the bearing housing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a helical toothed belt including: a back portion in which a tension member is buried; and a plurality of tooth portions, in which: the plurality of tooth portions have a tooth pitch of 2 mm or more and less than 4 mm, in a case where the tooth pitch of the plurality of tooth portions is 2 mm or more and less than 3 mm, the back portion has a thickness of 0.4 mm or more and 1.2 mm or less, in a case where the tooth pitch of the plurality of tooth portions is 3 mm or more and less than 4 mm, the thickness of the back portion is 0.6 mm or more and 1.8 mm or less; and the tension member is a twisted cord including a high-strength glass fiber or a carbon fiber.

Abstract: A compressor wheel includes a shaft portion, which extends in the rotation axis direction of the compressor wheel. Blades protrude in the radial direction from the shaft portion. The blades are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the compressor wheel. The compressor housing has an accommodation space that accommodates the compressor wheel. The compressor housing also has an introduction passage defined therein. The introduction passage is connected to the accommodation space from the intake side and introduces intake air into the accommodation space. Plate-shaped guide vanes protrude from the inner wall surface of the introduction passage. The guide vanes are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the introduction passage. The number of the guide vanes is the smallest odd number that is greater than the number of the blades.

Abstract: A V-clamp fastens a clamping flange of a turbine housing and a clamping flange of a bearing housing in a rotation axis direction of a connecting shaft so that the clamping flanges are fixed to each other. An annular heat shield plate is disposed between the turbine housing and the bearing housing. The heat shield plate is clamped by the turbine housing and the bearing housing. A clearance is disposed in an entire area between an opposed surface of the clamping flange of the turbine housing and an opposed surface of the clamping flange of the bearing housing.

Abstract: A circular ring-shaped shroud plate is arranged between a scroll passage and a turbine chamber. The shroud plate has a through-hole that penetrates therethrough in a direction along an axis of a turbine shaft. A variable nozzle is supported in an openable/closable manner on the shroud plate by a shaft inserted through the through-hole. A gap between the shroud plate and a turbine housing in the direction along the axis is partitioned into a first space that communicates with an outlet of exhaust gas that faces the through-hole and is provided upstream of a turbine wheel with respect to the flow of exhaust gas, and a second space that communicates with the scroll passage, by a disc spring that is so arranged as to surround the turbine wheel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a toothed belt containing tooth parts that are disposed at predetermined intervals along a belt longitudinal direction, a cord, and a back side that has the cord embedded therein, in which the cord contains a Lang-twisted glass fiber, an adhesion treatment layer, and an overcoat treatment layer, the overcoat treatment layer is formed on a surface of the adhesion treatment layer, the back side is composed of a rubber composition, and the rubber composition contains from 5 parts by mass to 20 parts by mass of a plasticizer based on 100 parts by mass of a rubber component.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention may include a variable nozzle turbocharger having a variable nozzle mechanism for controlling a flow velocity of exhaust gas to a turbine wheel. The variable nozzle mechanism includes a plurality of variable nozzles, a unison ring and a biasing member. The variable nozzles each have a nozzle vane. The unison ring is configured to adjust a degree of opening of the variable nozzles through rotation of the unison ring. The biasing member biases the unison ring so as to open the variable nozzles.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention may include a variable nozzle turbocharger having a variable nozzle mechanism. The variable nozzle mechanism has a unison ring and a drive arm. The unison ring adjusts a degree of opening of variable nozzles having nozzle vanes through rotation of the unison ring. The unison ring has a first fit-engagement groove. The first fit-engagement groove has a closing side surface of a concave arcuate shape and an opening side surface of a convex arcuate shape facing the closing side surface with a fixed groove width therebetween. A drive arm has a first fit-engagement portion engaged with the first fit-engagement groove so that the first fit-engagement portion is rotatable and movable in the radial direction of the unison ring. The first fit-engagement portion has a closing side contact surface of a convex arcuate shape that is able to contact the closing side surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a toothed belt containing tooth parts that are disposed at predetermined intervals along a belt longitudinal direction, a cord, and a back side that has the cord embedded therein, in which the cord contains a Lang-twisted glass fiber, an adhesion treatment layer, and an overcoat treatment layer, the overcoat treatment layer is formed on a surface of the adhesion treatment layer, the back side is composed of a rubber composition, and the rubber composition contains from 5 parts by mass to 20 parts by mass of a plasticizer based on 100 parts by mass of a rubber component.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention may include a variable nozzle turbocharger having a variable nozzle mechanism for controlling a flow velocity of exhaust gas to a turbine wheel. The variable nozzle mechanism includes a plurality of variable nozzles, a unison ring and a biasing member. The variable nozzles each have a nozzle vane. The unison ring is configured to adjust a degree of opening of the variable nozzles through rotation of the unison ring. The biasing member biases the unison ring so as to open the variable nozzles.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention may include a variable nozzle turbocharger having a variable nozzle mechanism. The variable nozzle mechanism has a unison ring and a drive arm. The unison ring adjusts a degree of opening of variable nozzles having nozzle vanes through rotation of the unison ring. The unison ring has a first fit-engagement groove. The first fit-engagement groove has a closing side surface of a concave arcuate shape and an opening side surface of a convex arcuate shape facing the closing side surface with a fixed groove width therebetween. A drive arm has a first fit-engagement portion engaged with the first fit-engagement groove so that the first fit-engagement portion is rotatable and movable in the radial direction of the unison ring. The first fit-engagement portion has a closing side contact surface of a convex arcuate shape that is able to contact the closing side surface.

Abstract: A circular ring-shaped shroud plate is arranged between a scroll passage and a turbine chamber. The shroud plate has a through-hole that penetrates therethrough in a direction along an axis of a turbine shaft. A variable nozzle is supported in an openable/closable manner on the shroud plate by a shaft inserted through the through-hole. A gap between the shroud plate and a turbine housing in the direction along the axis is partitioned into a first space that communicates with an outlet of exhaust gas that faces the through-hole and is provided upstream of a turbine wheel with respect to the flow of exhaust gas, and a second space that communicates with the scroll passage, by a disc spring that is so arranged as to surround the turbine wheel.

Abstract: A variable nozzle mechanism applied to a turbocharger includes a pair of annular plates located between a scroll passage and a turbine chamber such that the plates are apart from each other in a direction along an axis; a coupling portion which couples the plates; a plurality of variable nozzles which are provided between the plates so as to open and close, and which change a flow speed of exhaust gas blown onto a turbine wheel when an opening degree of the variable nozzles is changed; and an urging portion which urges the plates in the direction along the axis to press one of the plates against a contacted object. The one of the plates includes a contact face which is in contact with the contacted object, and the contact face is located on an action line along which an urging force of the urging portion acts.