Abstract: A toner including toner particles including a binder resin, and a colorant, and an external additive present on a surface of the toner particles, wherein the external additive includes a silica having an average primary particle diameter of from 100 to 500 nm and a BET specific surface area of from 800 to 1000 m2/g. An image forming method including forming an electrostatic image on an image bearing member; developing the electrostatic image with the toner to form a toner image; and transferring the toner image on to a receiving material. An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member bearing an electrostatic image; a developing device developing an electrostatic image with the toner to form a toner image on the image bearing member; a transfer device transferring the toner image to a receiving material; and a fixing device fixing the toner image on the receiving material.

Abstract: A negatively-chargeable non-magnetic one-component developer for developing an electrostatic latent image using a contact DC-bias development method, having a capacitance of 1.05×10?12 to 1.25×10?12 F, a volume resistivity of 5.0×1010 to 5.0×1012 ?·cm and a dielectric loss tangent of 1.0×10?3 to 2.0×10?2. In a contact DC-bias development method, the developer has a capacitance of 1.30×10?12 to 1.60×10?12 F, a resistivity of 5.0×109 to 5.0×1010 ?·cm and a dielectric loss tangent of 1.0×10?3 to 2.0×10?2. In a non-contact DC/AC-bias development method, the developer has a capacitance of 1.45×10?12 to 1.60×10?12 F, a resistivity of 5.0×109 to 1.0×1010 ?·cm and a dielectric loss tangent of 1.0×10?3 to 2.0×10?2.

Abstract: An image forming method, including charging the surface of an electrostatic latent image bearer by a charger; irradiating the surface of the electrostatic latent image bearer to form an electrostatic latent image thereon; developing the same with a toner to form a toner image; transferring the toner image onto a recording medium; and fixing the toner image thereon, wherein the charger is a charging roller contacting the electrostatic latent image bearer to charge the same, having a ten-point surface roughness of 5 to 30, and the toner includes a binder resin, a colorant, a release agent and an external additive including a composite oxide including titanium oxide in an amount of 80 to 95% by weight and silicon oxide, having a core-shell structure formed of a core including the titanium oxide and a shell including the silicon oxide and has a BET specific surface area of 50 to 100 m2/g.

Abstract: A toner including a binder resin, a colorant and a release agent, and satisfying the following relationships (1) and (2): 1.0?FT120/FT160?1.5??(1) wherein FT120 is a maximum tensile strength (N) when a recording medium having the toner unfixed on is vertically separated from the surface of a substrate having a temperature of 120° C. at a constant speed after pressed thereto at a pressure of 100 kPa, and FT160 is same except that the substrate has a temperature of 160° C.; 1.0?FP100/FP200?1.5??(2) wherein FP100 is a maximum tensile strength (N) when a recording medium having the toner unfixed on is vertically separated from the surface of a substrate having a temperature of 160° C. at a constant speed after pressed thereto at a pressure of 100 kPa, and FP200 is same except that the pressure is 200 kPa.

Abstract: A toner including a binder resin, a wax, and a colorant, wherein particles of the wax having a particle diameter of less than 1.00 ?m are included in the toner in an amount of not less than 35% by number and less than 55% by number, and wherein the wax has a particle diameter distribution property such that when particle diameters of particles of the wax are classified into ranges having a width of 0.05 ?m, the wax has a particle diameter mode value that is not less than 0.75 ?m and less than 1.00 ?m; and a fixing method and an image forming method using the above toner.

Abstract: A non-magnetic toner including a binder resin including a first resin, a second resin, a third resin; a colorant; and a wax, wherein the first resin is a hybrid resin including an amorphous condensation polymerization unit and a radical polymerization unit in its molecular frame, and the second and third resins are non-hybrid resins including condensation polymerization units, wherein each of the first, second and third resins has a glass transition temperature (Tg) and a softening point (Tm) satisfying the following relationships: Tg of first resin<Tg of second resin<Tg of third resin, which is from 70 to 80° C., and Tm of second resin<Tm of third resin<Tm of first resin, and wherein the binder resin includes the first resin in an amount of from 10 to 20% and the third resin of from 25 to 45% by weight.

Abstract: A toner is provided including a colorant; a resin composition (A) comprising at least one binder resin and a hydrocarbon wax having a melting point of 70-90° C. in an amount of from 6 to 30% by weight based on total weight of resin composition (A), and having a softening point (T1/2(A)) of from 120 to 150° C.; and a resin composition (B) having a softening point (T1/2 (B)) of from 100 to 130° C., wherein a weight ratio of the resin composition (A) to the resin composition (B) is from 10/90 to 45/55, and the following relationship is satisfied: T1/2(A)?T1/2(B)+3; and the use of the toner in an image forming method, an image forming apparatus, and a process cartridge.

Abstract: A toner for one-component developer, including a mother toner including a binder resin including a polyester resin as a main component, a colorant and a release agent; and an external additive in an amount of from 2.5 to 5.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the mother toner, wherein the toner includes a hexane-extracted volume of from 10 to 40 mg/g and has a cohesion of from 50 to 90%.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member including a tube, the image bearing member to bear a latent electrostatic image, a development device including a pulverized toner including a resin, a coloring agent and a releasing agent component, the development device to develop the latent electrostatic image with the toner to form a visualized image on the image bearing member, a transfer device to transfer the visualized image to a recording medium, a fixing device including a fixing member, the fixing device to fix the visualized image on the recording medium and an elastic blade to remove the toner on the surface of the image bearing member, wherein the toner has a void ratio of from 52 to 58% and a toner torque of from 1.0 to 2.5 mNm according to a torque measuring method using a circular conical rotor and the following relationships (1) to (4) are satisfied: 45?WA?60 ??Relationship (1) 2×WA?40?50×T?2×WA+5 ??Relationship (2) 1.2?t?2.

Abstract: A single component development device including a toner including a resin, a coloring agent, a wax, a charge control agent and an inorganic particulate, a development roller to bear the toner on the surface of the development roller and transfer the toner to an image bearing member and a thin layer forming member to regulate a thickness of the layer of the toner while in contact with the surface of the development roller via the toner borne thereon, wherein a regulating pressure A between the thin layer forming member and the development roller is from 25 to 60 (N/m), a content Z (weight %) of the charge control agent satisfies the following relationship (1) and an average dispersion particle diameter D (nm) of the charge control agent satisfies the following relationship (2): 0.029×A?0.150>Z>0.013×A?0.013 ??Relationship (1) D<6.3×A?106.

Abstract: A developing device including a developer bearing member configured to feed a developer to an image bearing member; a developer supplying member, which is contacted with the developer bearing member at a first nip while opposed thereto and which is configured to supply the developer to the developer bearing member; and a developer layer forming member, which is contacted with the developer bearing member at a second nip located on the downstream side from the first nip relative to the rotation direction of the developer bearing member to form the layer of the developer on the developer bearing member, wherein the developer is a nonmagnetic one component developer, and the distance between the front edge of the second nip and the rear edge of the first nip relative to the rotation direction of the image bearing member is greater than 0.8 mm and less than 2.0 mm.

Abstract: A toner useful for an oilless fixing method, includes a binder resin; a colorant; and 2.0 to 4.5% by weight of a wax which is soluble in n-hexane, based on a total weight of the toner, wherein the wax is dispersed in the toner, the wax forming wax domain particles (DA) comprising wax domain particles (DS) exposed at a surface of the toner and wax domain particles (DI) encapsulated in the toner and not exposed at the surface of the toner, wherein a weight of the DS is greater than a weight of the DI, wherein the toner from which the DS have been eluted with n-hexane comprises vestigial concavities having an area of 0.01 ??m2 or more on the surface of the toner in an amount of from 1 to 7 pcs/4 ?m2, and wherein 60% or more by number of the DA having a particle diameter of 200 nm or more have a spindle or cylindrical shape having an aspect ratio of 4 or more.

Abstract: An image developer using a one-component developer, Including a developing roller visualizing an electrostatic latent image formed on an image bearer with a pulverized toner; and a feed roller feeding the pulverized toner to the developing roller while contacting thereto, wherein the pulverized toner includes a parent toner; a wax; and an external additive comprising an additive having a number-average particle diameter of from 20 to 60 nm and adhering to the surface of the parent toner at an adherence strength of from 50 to 70%, and wherein the following relationships (1) to (3) are satisfied: 4.70<Log10R<5.70 ??(1) 8.00<Log10Z<10.70 ??(2) ?6.25*Log10R+37.5<Log10Z<?6.25*Log10R+45.6 ??(3) wherein R represents a resistivity of the developing roller and Z represents an impedance of the pulverized toner.

Abstract: A developing device including a developing roller and a developer layer forming member for forming a layer of a one component developer on the roller. The developing device satisfies the relationships (1) 20<X<65?14?, and (2) 12.7??25>Q/M>13.1??44.5, wherein X represents the ratio (% by weight) of the wax present on the surface of the developer to the total of the wax therein; ? represents the angle formed by a tangent line to the member at a point B, which is the center of the contact zone of the member contacted with the roller, and another tangent line at a point A thereof 0.5 mm apart from the point B toward the tip of the member, wherein ? is 0 to ?/2 radian; and Q/M represents the charge quantity (?C/g) of the toner per unit weight.

Abstract: A developing device including a developing roller facing an image bearing member and a toner layer thickness control member to control an amount of a toner adhered to the developing roller, so that an electrostatic latent image formed on the image bearing member is developed with the toner to form a toner image. The following relationships are satisfied: 0.08×100.3×Dv<Ra<0.18×100.3×Dv, 2.0<(Ra/RSm)×100<4.0, and 8<Rz<15, where Dv (?m) is a volume average particle diameter of the toner, Ra (?m) is an arithmetical mean roughness of the developing roller in a longitudinal direction, Rz (?m) is a ten-point mean roughness of the developing roller in a longitudinal direction, and RSm (?m) is a mean length of roughness curve elements of the developing roller.

Abstract: A full-color toner kit including yellow, magenta, and cyan toners each including a benzimidazolone, a naphthol, and a copper phthalocyanine colorants, respectively, and resins (A) and (B) each of which having a polyester skeleton and containing a wax, and a resin (C) having a polyester skeleton and containing no wax. Each of the toners has a softening point of from 125° C. to 135° C. The following relationships are satisfied: Ts(A)<Ts(B), Ay+5?Am?Ay+15, and Ac+5?Am?Ac+15, wherein Ts(A) and Ts(B) (° C.) each represent softening points of the resin (A) and (B), respectively, and Ay, Am, and Ac each represent ratios (% by weight) of the amount of the resin (A) to total amount of the resins (A) and (B) in the yellow, magenta, cyan toners, respectively.

Abstract: A non-magnetic toner, including a binder resin; a wax present dispersing in the toner in the shape of a particle; and a colorant, wherein the wax having a particle diameter not less than 2.0 ?m and less than 3.0 ?m is not less than 20% and less than 40% by number based on total number thereof; the wax has a mode value not less than 1.5 ?m and less than 2.0 ?m in a frequency distribution of 0.1 ?m width; and the following relationship is satisfied: 45<XZ/Y<62 wherein X represents a softening point (° C.) of the toner; Y represents a volume-average particle diameter (?m) of the toner; and Z represents a total parts by weight of the wax included in 100 parts by weight of the toner.

Abstract: A developing device is provided including a developer bearing member configured in close proximity to or contacting the surface of the photosensitive member, a developer supplying member arranged in a developer supplying section and configured to supply the surface of the photosensitive member with developer, a developer storing section arranged above the developer supplying section to store the developer, an inlet arranged above the developer supplying member through which developer is transferred from the developer storing section to the developer supplying section, and a developer regulating member configured to regulate the thickness of the developer on the surface of the developer bearing member, wherein no portion of the inlet is overlaps the regulating member in the vertical direction.

Abstract: A toner including toner particles including a resin, a colorant, a wax, and a charge controlling agent, and an external additive, wherein the toner satisfies the relationships (1) 0.15×Q?2?T?0.15×Q?0.15, and (2) 1.0?T?2.5, wherein Q represents the charge of the toner in units of ?C/g, and T represents the torque of the toner in units of mN·m determined by a method using a cone-shaped rotor while controlling a space ratio of the toner at 58%. A developer including the toner and a carrier. An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member, a transfer device, a fixing device and a double side image forming unit, and using the toner, wherein the receiving material includes moisture in an amount of not greater than 5% by weight after the toner image on the first side is fixed.

Abstract: A toner including toner particles including a binder resin, and a colorant, and an external additive present on a surface of the toner particles, wherein the external additive includes a silica having an average primary particle diameter of from 100 to 500 nm and a BET specific surface area of from 800 to 1000 m2/g. An image forming method including forming an electrostatic image on an image bearing member; developing the electrostatic image with the toner to form a toner image; and transferring the toner image on to a receiving material. An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member bearing an electrostatic image; a developing device developing an electrostatic image with the toner to form a toner image on the image bearing member; a transfer device transferring the toner image to a receiving material; and a fixing device fixing the toner image on the receiving material.