Abstract: An developing device comprising a developing roller for developing an electrostatic latent image on a photo conductor; a developing roller driving unit for rotating the developing roller in a forward direction and in a backward direction respectively while development is performed and not performed; a thickness regulating member, which is pressed against a surface of the developing roller, for regulating a thickness of developer adhered to the surface of the developing roller; and a suppression unit for suppressing a pressing force of the thickness regulating member when the developing roller is rotated in the backward direction.

Abstract: One embodiment of an image forming apparatus according to the present invention includes an image forming apparatus provided with a one-component development apparatus having a toner layer regulating blade for regulating a thickness of a toner layer on a surface of a developer bearing member that contacts a photosensitive body, wherein at a non-development time after completion of operation of the developer bearing member, the developer bearing member is caused to rotate slightly in a direction reverse to that during development.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an ink composition having a high permeability as an inkjet ink and permitting high quality image printing even with a high speed. To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an ink composition comprising: (a) an aqueous medium having a conductivity of 250 ?S/cm (at 25° C.) or lower; (b) a pigment; and (c) a compound represented by the formula (I): wherein m and n each are an integer of 0-11; m+n is an integer of 9-11; x is an integer of 5-9; and y is a number between 2.5-5.

Abstract: A vehicular electronic apparatus contains a microcomputer, and a crystal oscillator for determining an operating frequency for the microcomputer. An oscillation frequency of the crystal oscillator is selected such that a frequency difference between a frequency of a broadcast wave received by a vehicular receiver and an oscillation frequency of the crystal oscillator or a higher harmonic of the oscillation frequency is 15 kHz or higher or 400 Hz or lower, to suppress an interference in receiving the broadcast wave.

Abstract: The present invention provides ink for inkjet recording containing ethylene glycol base ether and/or monovalent alkyl alcohol, a surfactant and a coloring agent, the ink showing the following characteristics when 2 ?l of the ink is dropped on a piece of ordinary paper having smoothness of 100 sec or lower: a) an initial contact angle is in the range of 30 to 80°; b) a dynamic contact angle after 1 second X=???o (? is a dynamic contact angle after 1 second) according to dynamic absorption measurement is in the range of ?70?X??20 (°/s); and c) the rate of change of a dot area after t second (0.1<t<5(s)) Y=rt2/ro2 (rt is a dot radius after t second) is in the range of 1.5<Y. With this ink, clear images which are less prone to smear are produced even by high speed recording on a piece of ordinary paper.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus based on a color ink-jet scheme provided with an ink set consisting of one or more than one colors of inks and a black ink and an ink-jet printing unit, wherein the initial contact angles &thgr;0 of two colors of inks, namely, a color ink and a black ink, fall within the range from 30 to 80°, the contact angle variation Xa of the ink A as obtained by the dynamic liquid absorption measurement after the elapsed time of 1 second falls within the range −70<Xa<−10(°), the dot area ratio Ya of the ink A after the elapsed time of ta seconds-falls in the range 1.5<Ya, the contact angle variation Xb of the ink B as obtained by the dynamic liquid absorption measurement after the elapsed time of 1 second falls within the range −15<Xb<0(°), and the dot area ratio Yb of the ink B after the elapsed time of tb seconds falls within the range 1.0<Yb<1.7, where printing is made first with the ink A and subsequently with the ink B.

Abstract: An ink for use in the ink-jet recording comprising a dye and/or a pigment and water as the indispensable components and a water-insoluble solid content of 1% or more of the whole quantity, the ink further comprising: a nonionic surfactant having polyethylene oxide groups and polypropylene oxide groups, which is a substance having the structure shown by the following structural formula 1; and a number x of the added polyethylene oxide groups and a number y of the added polypropylene oxide groups satisfy the relation that 0<x≦10, and the relation that x/2−1<y<x/3+2, where q and r are respectively the numbers of the methylene groups, and satisfy the relation that 9≦q+r≦11.

Abstract: When an operation switch of a motor control circuit is switched on or when the operation switch and an automatic operation switch are simultaneously switched on, a switching device is switched on to energize a relay winding and a contact in the relay is switched to drive a motor. When an overcurrent is passed to a current detecting resistor and a temperature rise in the current detecting resistor is detected by the temperature dependent resistor and/or when a rise in a voltage across terminals of the current detecting resistor is detected by an overvoltage detecting circuit, the switching device is switched off via the bias circuit to thereby stop the driving of the motor.

Abstract: An ink composition is manufactured to contain a surfactant having difference d1 (&sgr;10−&ggr;) which is difference between dynamic surface tension (&sgr;10) of the solution obtained by making 0.1 wt % solution dissolved in purified water to be measured by using a maximum bubble pressure method at the bubble frequency of 10 Hz at a temperature from 24° C. to 26° C. and static surface tension (&ggr;) to be measured at a temperature from 24° C. to 26° C. and which satisfies 0 mN/m≦d1≦15 mN/m. An image is recorded by applying a voltage to partitions made of a piezoelectric material thereby applying a pressure to the ink composition supplied from an ink tank to an ink chamber of an ink head to discharge a liquid droplet of the ink composition, and depositing the liquid droplet onto a recording material.

Abstract: A vehicular electronic apparatus comprises a microcomputer, and a crystal oscillator for determining an operating frequency for the microcomputer. An oscillation frequency of the crystal oscillator being selected such that a frequency difference between a frequency of a broadcast wave received by a vehicular receiver and an oscillation frequency of the crystal oscillator or a higher harmonic of the oscillation frequency is 15 kHz or higher or 400 Hz or lower, to suppress an interference in receiving the broadcast wave.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus based on a color ink-jet scheme provided with an ink set consisting of one or more than one colors of inks and a black ink and an ink-jet printing unit, wherein the initial contact angles &thgr;0 of two colors of inks, namely, a color ink and a black ink, fall within the range from 30 to 80°, the contact angle variation Xa of the ink A as obtained by the dynamic liquid absorption measurement after the elapsed time of 1 second falls within the range −70<Xa<−10(°), the dot area ratio Ya of the ink A after the elapsed time of ta seconds-falls in the range 1.5<Ya, the contact angle variation Xb of the ink B as obtained by the dynamic liquid absorption measurement after the elapsed time of 1 second falls within the range −15<Xb<0(°), and the dot area ratio Yb of the ink B after the elapsed time of tb seconds falls within the range 1.0<Yb<1.7, where printing is made first with the ink A and subsequently with the ink B.

Abstract: An ink for use in the ink-jet recording comprising a dye and/or a pigment and water as the indispensable components and a water-insoluble solid content of 1% or more of the whole quantity, the ink further comprising: a nonionic surfactant having polyethylene oxide groups and polypropylene oxide groups, which is a substance having the structure shown by the following structural formula 1; and a number x of the added polyethylene oxide groups and a number y of the added polypropylene oxide groups satisfy the relation that

Abstract: The present invention provides ink for inkjet recording containing ethylene glycol base ether and/or monovalent alkyl alcohol, a surfactant and a coloring agent, the ink showing the following characteristics when 2 &mgr;l of the ink is dropped on a piece of ordinary paper having smoothness of 100 sec or lower:

Abstract: The power source filter circuit is provided with a first inductor and a second inductor connected in series between an input terminal and an output terminal, a first capacitor connected between the input terminal and a reference potential point, a second capacitor connected between a contact point that connects the first inductor with the second inductor and the reference potential point, a third capacitor connected between the output terminal and the reference point, and a first resistance and a second resistance having a small resistance value connected to the second inductor in parallel respectively.

Abstract: The power source filter circuit is provided with a first inductor and a second inductor connected in series between an input terminal and an output terminal, a first capacitor connected between the input terminal and a reference potential point, a second capacitor connected between a contact point that connects the first inductor with the second inductor and the reference potential point, a third capacitor connected between the output terminal and the reference point, and a first resistance and a second resistance having a small resistance value connected to the second inductor in parallel respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed is a motor control circuit having a motor protective circuit of a simple configuration having a small number of cheap component parts. A motor control circuit has: a current detecting resistor connected to a motor in series; a series circuit of an operation switch, a switching device, and a relay winding connected between a power source and a reference potential point; a bias circuit including a temperature dependent resistor for supplying a bias voltage to the switching device; a switching state self-holding circuit including an automatic operation switch; and an overvoltage detecting circuit. When the operation switch is switched on or when the operation switch and the automatic operation switch are simultaneously switched on, the switching device is switched on to energize the relay winding and a contact in the relay is switched to drive the motor.

Abstract: A vapor deposition apparatus for depositing thin film on substrates in which solid starting materials are used. In this apparatus, a carrier gas flows up and down in the same direction as gas convection, such that the effect of gas convection is minimized and film thickness and impurity concentration are uniform over the substrate surface. This uniformity is achieved by orienting a main reaction tube in a vertical direction, attaching two branch reaction tubes at the top of the main reaction tube, and venting carrier gas out the bottom of the main reaction tube. Alternately, the main reaction tube can be oriented horizontally, with the substrates being carried on a holder within a container having pores on its top and bottom.

Abstract: A thin-film electroluminescence device has transparent electrodes formed on a transparent substrate, a lower dielectric layer formed on the substrate having the transparent electrodes, a luminescent layer formed on the lower dielectric layer, an upper dielectric layer formed on the luminescent layer, and back electrodes formed on the upper dielectric layer. At least one of the upper and lower dielectric layers includes a SiN:H film formed in contact with the luminescent layer by a plasma chemical vapor deposition method. The SiN:H film contains N--H bonds of 1.2.times.10.sup.22 /cm.sup.3 or less to control an amount of change in emission-start voltage to 30 V or less.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an electroluminescence display device is disclosed. The fabricating method includes steps of forming at least one transparent front electrode on a transparent substrate, forming a lower electrically insulating layer on the front electrode, forming an emitting layer of an electroluminescent material on the lower electrically insulating layer, forming an upper electrically insulating layer on the emitting layer, and forming at least one rear electrode on the upper electrically insulating layer. In the fabricating method, at least one of the lower and upper electrically insulating layers is composed of at least one film of Si.sub.x N.sub.y O.sub.z :H, and the si.sub.x N.sub.y O.sub.z :H film is formed by the plasma chemical vapor deposition method.

Abstract: A thin film electroluminescent panel includes a transparent substrate with an electroluminescent element formed on the substrate. There is a moisture proof sheet to cover the electroluminescent element. The moisture proof sheet includes a metal layer laminated between the two resin films. The periphery of the moisture proof sheet is adhered to the transparent substrate. There is a moisture proof sheet with a moisture absorbent powder thereon, located between the electroluminescent element and the moisture proof sheet. The combination prevents moisture from affecting the operation of the electroluminescent element and provides for stability.