Abstract: An insulating sheet which connects a semiconductor chip and a wiring substrate is provided between the semiconductor chip and the wiring substrate. The insulating sheet has windows therethrough at positions corresponding to those of connection pads of the wiring substrate and has leads, one end of each of the leads being fixed on the sheet and the other end of each of the leads protruding from the opposite surface of the sheet through a window. Each of solder balls of the semiconductor chip is connected to the fixed one end of one of the leads, and each of the connection pads is connected to the other end of each of the leads to electrically connect the semiconductor chip and the wiring substrate.

Abstract: A mounting assembly of an integrated circuit device includes an integrated circuit device having pads on its lower side, through holes formed in a mounting substrate at positions opposed to the pads of the integrated circuit device, and solders for connecting the pads of the integrated circuit device with the through holes. An electrode is provided on the inside wall of each through hole, and the mounting substrate includes therein wirings connected to the electrodes. The solder is filled into the through holes to such an extent that the solder filled in the through holes can be visually checked from the lower side of the substrate.

Abstract: In a liquid cooling system for a printed circuit board on which integrated circuit packages are mounted, heat sinks are secured respectively to the packages in heat transfer contact therewith. Nozzles are provided in positions corresponding to the heat sinks. A housing is tightly sealed to the printed circuit board to enclose the packages, heat sinks and nozzles in a cooling chamber. A feed pump pressurizes working liquid cooled by a heat exchanger and supplies the pressurized liquid to the nozzles for ejecting liquid droplets to the heat sinks. A liquid suction pump is connected to an outlet of the housing for draining liquid coolant to the heat exchanger and a vapor suction pump is connected to a second outlet of the housing for sucking vaporized coolant to the heat exchanger. The cooling chamber is maintained at a sub-atmospheric pressure to promote nucleate boiling of the working fluid.

Abstract: A concrete joint sealant comprising tall pitch, atactic polypropylene, fresh rubber and aliphatic hydrocarbon resin.