Abstract: A turbo-Brayton refrigeration machine (11) includes a first circulation path (L1) in which a first refrigerant circulates, a second circulation path (L2) in which a second refrigerant which is a cooling target circulates, a subcooler (22) disposed over the first circulation path (L1) and the second circulation path (L2) and configured to have a single heat-exchanging unit, and an expansion turbine (21) positioned on a primary side of the subcooler (22) in the first circulation path (L1), in which the pressure ratio of the expansion turbine (21) is the pressure ratio at which the outlet temperature of the expansion turbine (21) is higher than a freezing point of the second refrigerant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resist composition prepared by dissolving components in an organic solvent containing ethyl lactate, which suppresses deterioration of sensitivity with time and also has required lithographic characteristics, and a method for forming a resist pattern. The resist composition is prepared by dissolving a resin component (A) which exhibits changeable alkali solubility under an action of an acid, an acid generator component (B) which generates an acid upon exposure, an amine (D) and acetic acid in an organic solvent (S) containing ethyl lactate.

Abstract: In a redundant system where multiple network interfaces can be switched, an interface switching device includes: a transformer for transforming automatic switch information between a predetermined type used for a predetermined network interface and each of other types used for network interfaces other than the predetermined network interface; a switch controller for performing switch control for automatic switch information of the predetermined type; and a control interface for connecting a first network interface to the switch controller via the transformer when first automatic switch information received from the first network interface is not of the predetermined type.

Abstract: An exemplary object of the present invention is to accurately reflect allocation requests and increase the bandwidth use efficiency without requiring expensive and fast integrated circuits or CPUs in the control unit even in a large-scale system with a large number of terminal devices. A subscriber station comprises allocating means for determining bandwidth allocation based on a predetermined allocation condition and bandwidth transmitting means for transmitting bandwidth allocation information determined by the allocating means to an optical line terminator. The optical line terminator comprises pipeline transmitting means for transmitting bandwidth allocation information transmitted from the subscriber stations to all subscriber stations to be allocated with bandwidth.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to increase the bandwidth use efficiency without requiring costly and fast integrated circuits or CPUs in the control unit even in a large-scale system with a large number of ONUs. An optical network unit includes an allocating unit that determines bandwidth allocation based on a predetermined allocation condition and a bandwidth transmitting unit that transmits bandwidth allocation information determined by the allocating unit to an optical line terminator. The optical line terminator is connected to a plurality of optical network units and includes a pipeline transmitting unit that transmits bandwidth allocation information transmitted from the optical network units to all optical network units to be allocated with bandwidth.

Abstract: Disclosed is an access node monitoring control apparatus for monitoring a plurality of access node devices that each include one or more interface cards corresponding respectively to a plurality of users. This apparatus includes SLA information storage means for storing information about reliability-related SLAs signed by the users; fault information receiving means for receiving information about faults in a device used to provide communication services to the users; fault history storage means for storing a history of faults indicated by the information received by the fault information receiving means in association with the users affected by the faults; and next maintenance operation determination means for determining the next maintenance operation in accordance with information about a currently faulty device, information about an SLA for a user affected by a fault in the faulty device, and a fault history associated with the user.

Abstract: The present invention provides a PON system including a plurality of PONs (passive optical network), a plurality of house devices set in an end user's house, and a station side device including a plurality of PON interface sections connected to the house devices via the plurality of PONs, and a concentrating/distributing section for accommodating the plurality of PONs and concentrating and distributing signals via the plurality of PON interface sections; wherein the station side device has N (N is a positive integer) optical switch modules, each of which is connected to a PON interface section for current use among the plurality of PONs; and realizes 1:N redundant of the PONs by cascading the N optical switch modules.

Abstract: A scheduler allowing high-speed scheduling scalable with the number of input and output ports of a crosspoint switch and suppressed unfairness among inputs is disclosed. The scheduler includes an M×M matrix of scheduling modules, each of which schedules packet forwarding connections from a corresponding input group of input ports to selected ones of a corresponding output group of output ports based on reservation information. A diagonal modulo pattern is used to determine a set of M scheduling modules to avoid coming into collision with each other. Each determined scheduling module performs reservation of packet forwarding connections based on current reservation information and transfers updated reservation information in row and column directions of the M×M matrix.

Abstract: To achieve a station-side apparatus of a wavelength multiplexing PON system, which is capable of saving the wavelength resource through automatically carrying out allotment of the wavelength and the network address to reduce the complicated work for the setting, and through dynamically allotting the wavelength without fixing it in advance. It is a station-side apparatus (OLT) of a wavelength multiplexing PON system that comprises a plurality of in-home apparatuses (ONUs). The station-side apparatus is connected to the in-home apparatuses via transmission paths including an optical multiplexing distributor, and executes allotment of the wavelength in response to wavelength allotment requests from the in-home apparatuses. The station-side apparatus comprises a wavelength/network address allotting device that is provided with a DHCP server in advance, which dynamically allots wavelength and network address to the in-home apparatus in response to the wavelength allotment request from the in-home apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bandwidth control apparatus, a bandwidth control method, and a bandwidth control system for effective utilization of bandwidths resource in data transmission. The bandwidth control apparatus measures downstream effective bit rate of own access lines and notifies downstream effective bit rate information of each access line to a remote bandwidth control apparatus which communicates with the bandwidth control apparatus via a network. The bandwidth control apparatus allocates and controls upstream bandwidths of own access lines on the basis of corresponding downstream effective bit rate information of access lines notified from remote bandwidth control apparatus via the networks.

Abstract: A communication device which communicates with a plurality of subscriber communication devices using optical signals of a plurality of wavelengths, includes: a traffic monitoring section for monitoring a downstream traffic volume of a downstream signal destined for each of the plurality of subscriber communication devices; and a resource allocating section for allocating a different one of a predetermined number of wavelength resources to each of groups which includes at least one downstream signal grouped according to a predetermined wavelength allocation rule based on its downstream traffic volume.

Abstract: A bandwidth control apparatus which can reflect current operation states or effective rates of the access lines on bandwidth distribution is realized for effective utilization of bandwidths in a subscriber data transmission system. In a plurality of bandwidth control apparatuses accommodating a plurality of access lines in a bandwidth control system, multiplexed signal lines of respective bandwidth control apparatuses are connected to one another in cascade. Each bandwidth control apparatus acquires a bandwidth state of the access lines in the own apparatus and notifies the other apparatuses of the bandwidth state of the own apparatus having been acquired.

Abstract: A technique to acquire a photoresist composition which can reduce occurrence of defects of a resist pattern after development is provided. Further, a technique to obtain a photoresist composition having excellent storage stability characteristics as a resist solution (storage stability); and a technique to obtain a photoresist composition which reduces the change of sensitivity and resist pattern size after treatment almost completely are provided. A photoresist composition containing a resin component (A), an acid-generating component (B) for generating an acid under exposure, and an organic solvent (C) is passed through a first filter 2a equipped with a first membrane having zeta potential of more than ?20 mV but no more than 15 mV in distilled water of pH 7.0.

Abstract: A scheduler and method for scheduling packet forwarding operations is provided. Packet forwarding request information associated with a first set of input port/output port combinations is received. Packet forwarding request information associated with a second set of input port/output port combinations different from the first set of input port/output port combinations is received, where the first set of input port/output port combinations and the second set of input port/output port combinations are selected to not conflict with each other. Packet forwarding for both the first set of input port/output port combinations at a first future time slot and the second set of input port/output port combinations at a second future time slot are simultaneously scheduling at a first scheduler and a second scheduler, respectively, based on the received packet forwarding request information.

Abstract: A multiple-protection system in a communication device, includes: a plurality of working units; at least one protection unit; and a unit controller controlling unit switching from a failed working unit to a protection unit, wherein each of the plurality of working units and the protection unit comprises: a plurality of working circuit modules; at least one protection circuit module; and a module controller controlling module switching from a failed working circuit module to a protection circuit module, wherein, when module protection cannot be made by the module switching, the unit switching is performed.

Abstract: A scheduler allowing high-speed scheduling scalable with the number of input and output ports of a crosspoint switch and suppressed unfairness among inputs is disclosed. The scheduler includes an M×M matrix of scheduling modules, each of which schedules packet forwarding connections from a corresponding input group of input ports to selected ones of a corresponding output group of output ports based on reservation information. A diagonal modulo pattern is used to determine a set of M scheduling modules to avoid coming into collision with each other. Each determined scheduling module performs reservation of packet forwarding connections based on current reservation information and transfers updated reservation information in row and column directions of the M×M matrix.

Abstract: A process for producing a resist composition that yields a resist composition in which the occurrence of defects has been suppressed, a filtering apparatus that can be used favorably within the production process, a resist composition applicator that is fitted with the filtering apparatus, and a resist composition in which the level of defects has been suppressed. This composition is obtained by passing a resist composition, which is obtained by dissolving a resin component that displays changed alkali solubility under the action of acid and an acid generator component that generates acid upon exposure in an organic solvent, through a filter equipped with a polyethylene hollow thread membrane.

Abstract: A bandwidth allocation equipment in an optical line terminal, which allocates bandwidth for data to be transmitted from optical network units through an optical splitter, includes a transmit/receive unit and bandwidth allocation units. The transmit/receive unit receives an output request for requesting bandwidth allocation, and sends back a signal sending permission to the respective optical network units for specifying bandwidth to be allowed for transmitting the data in each service cycle. The bandwidth allocation units are connected to one another in a ring. Each bandwidth allocation unit is provided with corresponding to the optical network unit, and outputs the signal sending permission from the bandwidth allocation unit that has performed the last bandwidth allocation processing in the ring connection. The transmit/receive unit specifies the bandwidth allocation unit that performs the first bandwidth allocation processing by shifting one by one for each of the service cycles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resist composition prepared by dissolving components in an organic solvent containing ethyl lactate, which suppresses deterioration of sensitivity with time and also has required lithographic characteristics, and a method for forming a resist pattern. The resist composition is prepared by dissolving a resin component (A) which exhibits changeable alkali solubility under an action of an acid, an acid generator component (B) which generates an acid upon exposure, an amine (D) and acetic acid in an organic solvent (S) containing ethyl lactate.

Abstract: A scheduler allowing high-speed scheduling scalable with the number of input and output ports of a crosspoint switch and suppressed unfairness among inputs is disclosed. The scheduler includes an M×M matrix of scheduling modules, each of which schedules packet forwarding connections from a corresponding input group of input ports to selected ones of a corresponding output group of output ports based on reservation information. A diagonal module pattern is used to determine a set of M scheduling modules to avoid coming into collision with each other. Each determined scheduling module performs reservation of packet forwarding connections based on current reservation information and transfers updated reservation information in row and column directions of the M×M matrix.