Abstract: There is provided a compression ignition type engine comprising an exhaust gas purification catalyst, and an electric motor for generating an output separated from the engine output. The engine may selectively perform a first control to make the engine output an output larger than that determined on the basis of the engine operation state, and a second control to operate the engine under the first combustion mode in which the inert gas amount in the chamber is larger than that in which the soot generation amount is peak.

Abstract: A direct injection type engine comprising a variable speed transmission. Engine control lines indicating the relationship between the engine rotational speed and required torque necessary for obtaining a required output are comprised of a first control line and a second control line at the high torque side and low speed side of the first control line. When the degree of activation of the exhaust gas purification device is low, the required torque and the engine rotational speed are made ones on the first control line in accordance with the required output, while when the degree of activation is high, the required torque and the engine rotational speed are made ones on the second control line in accordance with the required output.

Abstract: There is provided a compression ignition type engine comprising an exhaust gas purification catalyst, and an electric motor for generating an output separated from the engine output. The engine may selectively perform a first control to make the engine output an output larger than that determined on the basis of the engine operation state, and a second control to operate the engine under the first combustion mode in which the inert gas amount in the chamber is larger than that in which the soot generation amount is peak.

Abstract: There is provided a control device for controlling an engine operation such that the engine is operated at a predetermined fuel consumption in accordance with a requested output. The engine comprises an electric motor and an exhaust gas purification catalyst. When an air fuel ratio of an exhaust gas should be made rich to restore an ability of purification of the catalyst, the device controls the motor operation such that the air fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is made rich while the engine output is caused to be decreased and the shortage of the engine output relative to the requested output is supplemented by the motor output to totally output the requested output.

Abstract: A compression ignition type engine selectively switching between a first combustion where an amount of recirculated exhaust gas supplied in a combustion chamber (5) is greater than an amount of recirculated exhaust gas where the amount of production of soot peaks and a second combustion where the amount of recirculated exhaust gas supplied in the combustion chamber (5) is smaller than the amount of recirculated exhaust gas where the amount of production of soot peaks. A particulate filter (24) carrying a NOx absorbent (71) is arranged in the engine exhaust passage. When SOx should be released from the NOx absorbent (71) and there is leeway in the electrical energy stored in the battery (41), the first combustion is performed even when the second combustion should be performed and the drop in output power of the energy is made up by the output torque of an electric motor (37).

Abstract: An information processing apparatus having a relatively small display screen, and in particular to a small information processing apparatus of a type adapted to be held in the hand of a user and that can switch the mode for displaying data on a display screen between a portrait mode and a landscape mode. More specifically, the present invention retains to a small information processing apparatus that provides appropriate scroll functions for both display modes, i.e., the portrait mode and the landscape mode, using a hand manipulable input device.

Abstract: A first combustion mode in which an amount of an EGR gas within a combustion chamber is higher than that of the EGR gas when a generated amount of soot reaches a peak and substantially no soot is generated. A second combustion mode in which the amount of the EGR gas within the combustion chamber is lower than that of the EGR gas when the generated amount of soot reaches the peak are selectively performed. A catalyst is disposed within an engine exhaust passage wherein a temperature of the catalyst is adjusted so as to be within a predetermined range.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine system is capable of reducing soot and NOx simultaneously, and prevents the occurrence of an undesirable situation where a generation amount of soot is increased in accordance with frequent transitions between a first combustion mode and a second combustion mode. In the system, the first combustion mode in which an amount of inert gas supplied to the combustion chamber is larger than an amount of the inert gas that causes the generation amount of soot to become a peak, such that soot is hardly generated, and a second combustion mode in which an amount of the inert gas supplied to the combustion chamber is smaller than the amount of the inert gas that causes the generation amount of soot to become a peak, are selectively performed. When conditions are such that switching between the first combustion mode and the second combustion mode has or may occur frequently, the execution of the first combustion mode is controlled.

Abstract: A stable combustion without generating smoke or misfire is performed by selectively conducting a first combustion mode and a second combustion mode. In the first combustion mode, an amount of an inert gas, e.g., EGR gas, provided to a combustion chamber is made to be larger than an amount of the inert gas that causes the generation amount of soot to become a peak amount. This causes substantially no soot to be generated. In the second combustion mode, the amount of the inert gas provided to the combustion chamber is made to be smaller than the amount that causes the generation amount of soot to become a peak amount. The injection timing is quickened if the injection amount is increased in the first combustion mode, and the injection timing is delayed if the injection amount is reduced.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine that selectively switches from a first combustion in which an amount of an exhaust gas recirculation gas within a combustion chamber is more than the amount of the exhaust gas recirculation gas when an amount of soot generated reaches a peak amount to generate substantially no soot, that is, a low temperature combustion, and a second combustion in which the amount of the exhaust gas recirculation gas within the combustion chamber is less than the amount of the exhaust gas recirculation gas when the amount of soot generated reaches the peak amount. The switching is selectively performed, such that, a stable low temperature combustion corresponding to the air fuel ratio is performed by shifting the area for performing the low temperature combustion to the high load side as the air fuel ratio is reduced.

Abstract: A compression ignition type engine, wherein a first combustion where the amount of the recirculated exhaust gas supplied to the combustion chamber is larger than the amount of recirculated exhaust gas where the amount of production of soot peaks and almost no soot is produced and a second combustion where the amount of recirculated exhaust gas supplied to the combustion chamber is smaller than the amount of recirculated exhaust gas where the amount of production of soot peaks are selectively switched between. When the first combustion is switched to the second combustion or the second combustion is switched to the first combustion, the amount of fuel injection is reduced and the amount of reduction of the output torque of the engine is compensated for by the output torque of an electric motor.

Abstract: A compression ignition type engine, wherein a first combustion where the amount of the recirculated exhaust gas supplied to the combustion chamber is larger than the amount of recirculated exhaust gas where the amount of production of soot peaks and almost no soot is produced and a second combustion where the amount of recirculated exhaust gas supplied to the combustion chamber is smaller than the amount of recirculated exhaust gas where the amount of production of soot peaks are selectively switched between. When NOx should be released from an NOx absorbent arranged in an exhaust passage of the engine, the second combustion switched to the first combustion and the amount of reduction of the output torque of the engine is compensated for by the output torque of an electric motor.

Abstract: This invention aims to provide titanate whiskers which are excellent in heat resistance, chemical resistance and reinforcing effect and are low in coefficient of thermal conductivity.The titanate whiskers of the invention are those represented by the formulaA.sup.I.sub.v A.sup.II.sub.w M.sup.II.sub.x M.sup.III.sub.y Ti.sub.8-z O.sub.16wherein A.sup.I is at least one member selected from alkali metals, A.sup.II is Ba, M.sup.II is at least one member selected from the group consisting of Mg, Co, Ni, Zn, Cu and Mn, M.sup.III is at least one member selected from the group consisting of Al, Sc, Cr, Fe and Ga, and v, w, x, y and z are real numbers which fulfill 0.5.ltoreq.2x+y.ltoreq.2.5, 2x+y=v+2w, and z=x+y.

Abstract: This invention aims to provide titanate whiskers which are excellent in heat resistance, chemical resistance and reinforcing effect and are low in coefficient of thermal conductivity.The titanate whiskers of the invention are those represented by the formulaA.sup.I.sub.v A.sup.II.sub.w M.sup.II.sub.x M.sup.III.sub.y Ti.sub.8-z O.sub.16wherein A.sup.I is at least one member selected from alkali metals, A.sup.II is Ba, M.sup.II is at least one member selected from the group consisting of Mg, Co, Ni, Zn, Cu and Mn, M.sup.III is at least one member selected from the group consisting of Al, Sc, Cr, Fe and Ga, and v, w, x, y and z are real numbers which fulfill 0.5.ltoreq.2x+y.ltoreq.2.5, 2x+y=v+2w, and z=x+y.

Abstract: A data storage system is provided having a faster data transfer rate and reduced complexity though improved control of timing. The data storage system has a plurality of storage devices and a plurality of data buses through which data are transferred. An input/output unit interleaves a plurality of data between an interface and the plurality of data buses while transferring data. A first and a second latch unit, serially connected between the storage devices and the data bus, retain data.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for generating parity in a data storage system. The data storage system includes two or more storage devices having data stored therein, two or more data buses through which the data is transferred, and a selector located between the storage devices and the buses which selectively connects the storage devices and the data buses by a predetermined combination. The selector further includes the capability of calculating parity operations such as an XOR operation. The selector performs the parity operations to logically combine data transferred through the selector between the data buses and the storage devices to produce parity data on the combined data transferred so as to reduce the data transfers over the data bus.

Abstract: A disk storage device includes two data buses 100, 200 for data transfer. Hard disks (HDDs) 0 and 1 are permanently connected to the data buses 100, 200, and hard disks 2 and 3 are selectively connectable to either of the data buses. When a microcontroller (MCU) 32 outputs a specified signal to a data path controller (DPC) 10 in response to a command from a host, multiplexers 20, 22 connect the selectively connectable hard disks 2 and 3 to one of the data buses. When data is written to or read from the hard disks, the write or read can be performed quickly with fewer data buses and a simple device configuration. A parity data generator (PGEN) 24 is connected to both of the buses, receiving new data via one bus and writing new parity data via the other bus.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a data storage system and a parity generation method for the data storage system which make generation of parity easier and which are capable of performing the reconstruction of data at the time of an occurrence of failure with high efficiency and high speed.A data storage system is provided comprising a plurality of devices for storing data, a plurality of data buses for transferring the data, and a selector connected between the plurality of devices and the plurality of data buses for selectively connecting a device and a data bus using a predetermined combination, the selector including a parity operation generator.

Abstract: The bandwidth of the data transfer among a main memory and snoopy caches is improved by solving the bus bottleneck in a multiprocessor system using a snoopy cache technique. Shared bus coupling is employed for an address/command bus requiring bus snoop whereas multiple data paths coupled by an interconnection network are used for the data bus not requiring bus snoop. The multiple data paths reflect the order of the snoopy operations on the order of data transfer such as to maintain data consistency among the caches.