Abstract: A web transport apparatus that will not cause the web to break by exerting external forces in different ways on two lateral sides. The transport apparatus includes a group of pins that are studded on flat plates connected together to form a chain on either side of a web so that it is transported in multiple stages as it is retained on two lateral sides. An annular member supports the web from the inside by pins in each of the reversing sections that rotate to reverse the direction of web transport, with the piercing end of each pin facing either inward or outward. The annular member has a central shaft located at the center of the locus of rotation of the flat plates and has an outside diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the locus of rotation of the web. Preferably, the annular members rotate at the same speed as the web.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus of manufacturing a photographic plate of glass using a device in which an elastic flexible hanger is provided at the bottom of a liquid feeder located over the movement passage for the base of the plate, and the base is moved into contact with the hanger at the lower end thereof so that a liquid flowing out from the feeder is applied to the base. The base and the hanger are kept out of contact with each other until the leading edge of the base passes under the hanger. The base and the hanger are then put into contact with each other after the leading edge of the base has passed under the hanger so that the application is started. The base and the hanger are subsequently put out of contact with each other immediately before the liquid is applied to the base at the trailing edge thereof.

Abstract: A coating apparatus in which a series of substrates are conveyed along a predetermined path for receiving coating solution in which coating is carried out stably and coatings of uniform thickness are formed. A solution supplying unit is arranged above the path of the substrates. A flexible, elastic solid curtain member made of a water-impermeable material is attached to an outlet of said solution supplying unit, a front edge of which elastically contacts the substrates as they pass beneath the solution supplying unit so that coating solution flowing out of said solution supplying unit is applied to the substrates from the curtain member. A vertically movable solution receiver is positioned below the front edge of the curtain member with the solution receiver contacting the front edge of the curtain member when no substrate is located between the curtain member and the solution receiver so as to allow the coating solution to smoothly flow down the solution receiver.

Abstract: In a coating method using a coating head having a coating solution supplying inlet and a slot opening, the coating solution is caused to flow from the inlet to the slot opening in such a manner that the flow width increases gradually while the flow thickness decreases gradually. An apparatus according to the invention has a coating head in which a flow path is formed between an inlet and a slot opening, such that the flow width gradually increases while the flow thickness gradually decreases.

Abstract: A method for producing gradient gel medium membrane for electrophoresis in which a monomer solution having a continuous concentration gradient and a polymerizing reaction initiator solution are supplied to a coating head as a gel forming solution for electrophoresis while mixing the monomer solution and the polymerizing reaction initiator solution with each other so as to coat a moving web with the gel forming solution. The coating liquid is supplied onto a moving web through the coating head in such a manner so that the flow of the coating liquid extends continuously in the direction of width and is continuously reduced in the direction of thickness along the coating head from its supply inlet to its slot opening.

Abstract: A bead coating system where negative pressures created for the marginal portions of a bead are higher than that created for the central portion of the bead. The pressure on the sides of the bead maintains the bead stable.

Abstract: A bar coating process for coating a coating liquid on a continuously travelling web which comprises the steps of supplying a coating liquid so as to form a liquid reservoir immediately before a position of contact between a bar and the web, and coating the coating liquids on the web using the bar, wherein the bar is axially positioned perpendicularly to the travelling direction of the web, is supported on a supporting member and is rotated in the same direction as that of the web while coming into contact with the web. The diameter of the bar being 6 to 25 mm.

Abstract: A process for consecutively coating both sides of a continuously travelling web, which comprises coating a first coating solution onto a first side of a continuously travelling web to form a coated layer thereon, supplying a second coating solution while the coated layer on the first side of the travelling web is still in a non-dry state, using a bar which is supported by a supporting member and which rotates in contact with the web in the same direction as the travelling direction of the web in such a manner that a liquid pool of the second coating solution is formed immediately before the position where the bar comes into contact with the web while supporting the first coated side of the web with a pressurized gas, and applying the second coating solution to the second side of the web opposite to the first coated side using the bar.