Abstract: A stepping motor driving apparatus includes a detector that detects a current supplied to a winding included in the stepping motor, a first offset adding section that adds an offset to the output of the detector, an amplifier that amplifies the output of the first offset adding section, a reference signal generator that generates a reference signal indicating a current limit, a second offset adding section that adds an offset to the output of the reference signal generator, a switching section that supplies a power to the winding when the switching section is turned on and cuts off a power to the winding when the switching section is turned off, and a PWM controller that turns on the switching section every predetermined period, and turns off the switching section when the output of the amplifier exceeds the output of the second offset adding section.

Abstract: A stepping motor driving apparatus includes a detector that detects a current supplied to a winding included in the stepping motor, a first offset adding section that adds an offset to the output of the detector, an amplifier that amplifies the output of the first offset adding section, a reference signal generator that generates a reference signal indicating a current limit, a second offset adding section that adds an offset to the output of the reference signal generator, a switching section that supplies a power to the winding when the switching section is turned on and cuts off a power to the winding when the switching section is turned off, and a PWM controller that turns on the switching section every predetermined period, and turns off the switching section when the output of the amplifier exceeds the output of the second offset adding section.

Abstract: To provide a stepping motor drive apparatus for driving a stepping motor, that is a driving object, with low noise and low vibration.

Abstract: A switching power supply circuit attaining high power conversion efficiency and a low operation start lower-limit voltage is provided.

Abstract: A switching power supply circuit attaining high power conversion efficiency and a low operation start lower-limit voltage is provided.

Abstract: When overvoltage absorption device (3) is disposed so as to surround the periphery of a bonding pad (1) and electrostatically induced overvoltage is applied to a bonding pad section (1A), an overvoltage absorption device (3) is made electrically conductive and absorbs the overvotlage over the entire wiring path connecting the bonding pad (1) and a to-be protected circuit (2). With such configuration, the to-be protected circuit can be protected from electrostatic breakdown, regardless of the wiring direction from the bonding pad section to the to-be protected circuit, and each bonding pad section can be formed as a cell when mask designing is conducted.

Abstract: An antenna duplexer capable of optimally decreasing the insertion loss and the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) at a center frequency and its vicinity in the pass band in transmitter-band of the device. The output port of transmitter surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) filter (11) is electrically connected with phase shift circuit (13), to which receiver SAW filter (12) is also electrically connected. The transmitter and receiver SAW filters have different pass bands and attenuate the other pass band with each other. Phase shift circuit (13) shifts the phase of receiver SAW filter (12) in the transmitter-band. In addition, phase shift circuit (13) has the characteristic impedance in which the magnitude of the reflection coefficient at the center frequency in the transmitter-band of receiver SAW filter (12) is to be not less than 0.8 and the phase angle of reflection coefficient at the center frequency in the transmitter-band of receiver SAW filter (12) takes the range from 0° to 45°.

Abstract: An antenna duplexer capable of optimally decreasing the insertion loss and the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) at a center frequency and its vicinity in the pass band in transmitter-band of the device. The output port of transmitter surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) filter (11) is electrically connected with phase shift circuit (13), to which receiver SAW filter (12) is also electrically connected. The transmitter and receiver SAW filters have different pass bands and attenuate the other pass band with each other. Phase shift circuit (13) shifts the phase of receiver SAW filter (12) in the transmitter-band. In addition, phase shift circuit (13) has the characteristic impedance in which the magnitude of the reflection coefficient at the center frequency in the transmitter-band of receiver SAW filter (12) is to be not less than 0.8 and the phase angle of reflection coefficient at the center frequency in the transmitter-band of receiver SAW filter (12) takes the range from 0° to 45°.

Abstract: A paste of a glazing composition is coated on the entire surface of a ceramic substrate having a metallized metal portion, and the paste-coated ceramic substrate is sintered in a reducing atmosphere, and a glazing layer is formed on the entire surface of the metallized metal portion by utilizing the repellency of the melt of the glazing composition to the metallized metal portion. A glazing composition comprising SiO.sub.2, B.sub.2 O.sub.3, BaO, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and an alkali metal oxide or a glazing composition comprising SiO.sub.2, BaO, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, CaO and MgO or SrO is used. An acrylic resin syrup, especially an isobutyl methacrylate resin syrup, is used as a binder of a coating paste for forming a glazing layer.

Abstract: A paste of a glazing composition is coated on the entire surface of a ceramic substrate having a metallized metal portion, and the paste-coated ceramic substrate is sintered in a reducing atmosphere, and a glazing layer is formed on the entire surface of the metallized metal portion by utilizing the repellency of the melt of the glazing composition to the metallized metal portion. A glazing composition comprising SiO.sub.2, B.sub.2 O.sub.3, BaO, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and an alkali metal oxide or a glazing composition comprising SiO.sub.2, BaO, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, CaO and MgO or SrO is used. An acrylic resin syrup, especially an isobutyl methacrylate resin syrup, is used as a binder of a coating paste for forming a glazing layer.

Abstract: A paste of a glazing composition is coated on the entire surface of a ceramic substrate having a metallized metal portion, and the paste-coated ceramic substrate is sintered in a reducing atmosphere, and a glazing layer is formed on the entire surface of the metallized metal portion by utilizing the repellency of the melt of the glazing composition to the metallized metal portion. A glazing composition comprising SiO.sub.2, B.sub.2 O.sub.3, BaO, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and an alkali metal oxide or a glazing composition comprising SiO.sub.2, BaO, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, CaO and MgO or SrO is used. An acrylic resin syrup, especially an isobutyl methacrylate resin syrup, is used as a binder of a coating paste for forming a glazing layer.