Abstract: In order to obtain a logic circuit capable of performing a high-speed operation, respective gates of a P-channel MOSFET (1) and an N-channel MOSFET (2) are connected to an input node (6) in common, and ends of resistors (12, 13) are connected to respective drains thereof. Respective emitters of an NPN transistor (3) and a PNP transistor (4) are connected to an output node (9) with an end of a resistor (5) in common, and ends of the resistors (12, 13) are connected to respective bases thereof. A source of the P-channel MOSFET (1) and a collector of the NPN transistor (3) are connected to a high potential point (8) in common while a source of the N-channel MOSFET (2) and a collector of the PNP transistor (4) are connected to a low potential point (40) in common respectively. Respective other ends of the resistors (5, 12, 13) are connected at a node (7) in common. Thus, the potential of an output terminal quickly fluctuates when a bipolar transistor is in an ON state.

Abstract: A toroidal coil motor characterized by the provision of an annular iron core in which laminate-fixing holes whose number is the least common multiple with respect to the number of magnetic poles and the number of toroidal coils are provided symmetrically in a direction of the circumference of the annular iron core.

Abstract: An electric motor, in which the thrust bearing action is performed by the magnetic attraction forces induced between a annular stator core with toroidal coils and magnets confronting the stator core, includes at least a cup-shaped member with a central cylindrical portion opened at the center, the cup-shaped member serving as a magnet yoke and a seat on which an element to be driven by the motor is mounted, and a cylindrical rotary sleeve press-fitted in the central cylindrical portion. This construction contributes to a reduction of the weight, size and manufacturing cost of the motor.

Abstract: An electric motor includes at least a stator core carrying toroidal coils wound thereon, a magnet provided in opposition to the stator core so as to constitute a part of a rotor, and magnetic flux detection elements for detecting changes in magnetic polarity of the magnet so as to control a current flowing in the toroidal coils. The stator is provided with a select number of cut portions at its open end. The number of cut portions is not less than that of the magnetic flux detection elements. The winding positions of the toroidal coils are considered in order to maintain magnetic symmetry, the magnetic flux detection elements being provided in the cut portions.

Abstract: Fine particles of a metal such as copper and silver can be obtained by reducing the corresponding metal compound solution with one or more reducing agents selected from the group consisting of L-ascorbic acid, L-ascorbate, D-erythorbic acid and D-erythorbate. Silver-palladium composite particles can also be obtained similarly by employing a colloidal palladium liquid and a silver compound solution.

Abstract: The present invention user plural driving speeds of the focusing lens component of a zoom lens which responds to plural separate control regions of focal length and object position. In each control region, the focusing lens component is driven in predetermined suitable constant speed. By this operation the object is nearly focused on the focal plane. The slight discrepancy between the image position of the object and the ideal plane is regarded as zero.

Abstract: A water vapor-containing gas is separated to a fraction thereof having an increased content of water vapor and a remaining fraction thereof having a decreased content of water vapor by a gas separating device which has at least one gas separating membrane having gas feed and delivery surfaces and a ratio P.sub.H.sbsb.2.sub.O /P.sub.CH.sbsb.4 of water vapor-permeating rate P.sub.H.sbsb.2.sub.O to methane gas permeating rate P.sub.CH.sbsb.

Abstract: A method for producing spherical metal particle uses a molten metal reservoir for containing a molten metal, a rotary drum having a number of teeth onto which the molten metal is to be adhered one after another and a driving means for rotating the rotary drum so that the molten metal adhered to each of the teeth can be scattered from the teeth before even a part of each molten metal adhered to the teeth solidifies. At least one tooth of the rotary drum is dipped into the molten metal contained in the molten metal reservoir. The molten metal adhered to the teeth is scattered from the teeth before any portion of it has solidified by means of centrifugal force acting on the rotary drum. The molten metal assumes a spherical or similar shape during its trajectory due to surface tension. It cools by atmospheric cooling to solidify as discrete metal particles of substantially uniform diameter.

Abstract: In an automatic focusing apparatus which detects sharpness signals from high-frequency components of brightness signals contained in video signals from video cameras and which stops a focusing lens of the video camera at a position at which its peak value is obtained, the movement of the focusing lens is started by detecting received light signal levels by performing projection-reception operations with a specified amount of infrared light and detecting their variations with a received light signal level detector or with a micro-computer. Furthermore, depending upon the focal depth of the focusing lens, priority is given to processing of distance information based on sharpness signals or distance information determined by the infrared light projection-reception operation in the lens driving controller for performing the focusing operation.

Abstract: In order that an EGR valve device for internal combustion engines of automobiles can be manufactured in a compact size and at a low cost and also that its valve member can be immediately brought to its valve-closing position whenever the driving motor of the device fails, the EGR valve device comprises a sector-shaped gear operatively coupled to a valve member urged to close the valve and capable of causing the valve member to make opening and closing movements, and a driving motor whose shaft of rotary member is disposed so as to intersect at right angles a plane containing the sector-shaped gear and is provided with a pinion meshed with the sector-shaped gear.

Abstract: A gas separating material having excellent CO.sub.2 gas permeating property, mechanical property, and heat resistance has a gas separating layer comprising an aromatic imide polymer which contains 20 to 100 molar % of recurring units of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A.sub.1 is a tetravalent aromatic radical, A is a divalent aromatic radical of the formula (II): ##STR2## in which R and R.sup.1 are H or an organic radical, for example, --CH.sub.3, --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, --C.sub.3 H.sub.7, or --CH.sub.2 OH, and n is 0, 1, or 2.

Abstract: Produced flake like metal chip has a shape being convexed in one side and concaved in the other side in its cross section.These metal chips are produced by dipping spherical or cone shaped projections provided on an outer surface of a rotary drum into molten metal contained in a molten metal reservoir, the molten metal adheres to each projections being dipped then the adhered molten metal is stripped off of each projection after at least a part of the molten metal has solidified.The apparatus for working the above-mentioned method includes, a molten metal reservoir, a rotary drum carrying on its outer surface a number of aforesaid projections, to the tip end of which the molten metal is adhered, and a means for stripping off the adhered molten metal after at least a part of the adhered molten metal has solidified.

Abstract: In an ultrasonic distance measuring apparatus producing distance data representing a distance to an object by transmitting and receiving an ultrasonic wave, a sensor detects variation in the temperature and/or humidity of the atmosphere, and a compensator compensates for variation in propagation characteristic of the ultrasonic wave caused by the variation in the temperature and/or humidity respectively.

Abstract: Undesirable or unpleasant audible sound otherwise generated in a conventional distance measuring apparatus is removed or minimized by controlling the waveform of a burst signal supplied to an ultrasonic transducer so that it has a substantially trapezoidal waveform changing in level with time at rise and/or fall portions thereof.

Abstract: A pallet transport apparatus includes individual pallets which travel in succession on a run way, each of the pallets containing an in-line indexing dual-cam mechanism and a drive motor for the cam mechanism for controlled rotation, and the run way including pairs of cam followers which are arranged at regular intervals along the run way and each of which engages the corresponding cam plates on a pallet facing it. The pallets can travel and remain motionless every one pitch as determined by the interval between the adjacent cam follower pairs.

Abstract: An aromatic polyimide composite membrane having a satisfactory gas-permeating property and an excellent gas-separating property comprises an aromatic polyimide porous membrane substrate and at least one coating layer which has been prepared (A) by coating at least one surface of the substrate with a dilute dope solution containing 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a soluble aromatic polyimide and/or polyamic acid dissolved in a solvent which consists essentially of 100 parts by weight of a base component incapable of dissolving therein the substrate in an amount of 3% by weight or more and 0 to 15 parts by weight of an additional component capable of dissolving therein the 5% by weight or more of the aromatic polymeric material and compatible with the base component; and (B) by gradually evaporating the solvent from the coated dilute dope solution layer.

Abstract: In a distance measuring apparatus in accordance with the present invention, a light beam of a wide solid angle is projected on a photographic object by means of a strobo light source, and reflected rays are received by a photoelectric device array which has a predetermined number of photoelectric devices each with narrow directivity which are comparable to solid angles necessary to see the object from the photoelectric devices disposed with their optical axes at predetermined angular pitches. When the output of a photoelectric device, which is issuing maximum amplitude output, is selected by means of a maximum value detector circuit, and a distance signal is discriminated from background noises such as sun light or electric illumination light by passing through a differentiating circuit, and then being processed by a function circuit and fed to a lens driving system or indicator.

Abstract: A porous aromatic imide polymer membrane usable as a gas or liquid separator or concentrator is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:(1) dissolving 3 to 30% by weight of an aromatic imide polymer which comprises at least 80 molar % of a recurring unit selected from those of the formulae (I) and (II): ##STR1## wherein R represents a divalent aromatic or heterocyclic radical in 70 to 97% by weight of a solvent consisting essentially of a homogeneous mixture of:(A) 100 parts by weight of a base solvent which consists essentially of at least one polar organic compound and is capable of dissolving therein said aromatic imide polymer in a concentration of 5% by weight or more therein and of evaporating at a temperature of from 50.degree. to 400.degree. C.

Abstract: A modified polymeric membrane having an excellent separating property is produced by applying, to a porous polymeric membrane, a volatile treating liquid containing a modifying agent which consists of at least one member selected from:(A) volatile dissolving organic liquids each capable of dissolving therein at least 1% by weight of the porous polymeric membrane at a temperature of 25.degree. C.; and(B) volatile shrinking organic liquids each capable of causing the porous polymeric membrane to shrink at a shrinkage of 3% or more.

Abstract: An aromatic polyimide separating membrane is produced by a process comprising the steps of:forming a thin film of a dope solution containing an aromatic polyamic acid dissolved in a polar organic solvent at a temperature of approximately 100.degree. C. or less;coagulating the thin dope solution film in a coagulating liquid containing at least 60% by volume of at least one member selected from water and lower aliphatic alcohols at a temperature of 60.degree. C. or less;drying the resultant coagulated aromatic polyamic acid membrane; andheating the dried aromatic polyamic acid membrane at a temperature of 100.degree. C. to 300.degree. C. to convert it to an aromatic polyimide membrane.