Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolytic manganese dioxide having an alkali potential of at least 310 mV, a full width at half maximum of the (110) plane in the XRD measurement using the CuK? line as the light source of from 2.2° to 3.0°, and a (110)/(021) peak intensity ratio in the X-ray diffraction spectrum of from 0.5 to 0.80. Also disclosed is a method for producing electrolytic manganese dioxide by electrolysis in an aqueous solution of a sulfuric acid/manganese sulfate mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolytic manganese dioxide having an alkali potential of at least 310 mV, a full width at half maximum of the (110) plane in the XRD measurement using the CuK? line as the light source of from 2.2o to 3.0o, and a (110)/(021) peak intensity ratio in the X-ray diffraction spectrum of from 0.5 to 0.80. Also disclosed is a method for producing electrolytic manganese dioxide by electrolysis in an aqueous solution of a sulfuric acid/manganese sulfate mixture.

Abstract: A multiple-layer wiring substrate having a first conductive layer; an interlayer insulating layer; and a second conductive layer is disclosed, wherein the interlayer insulating layer includes a material whose surface energy is changed by receiving energy, and has a first region which does not include a contact hole and a second region which is formed such that its surface energy is higher than that of the first region, wherein a region within the contact hole of the first conductive layer has surface energy which is higher than surface energy of the second region of the interlayer insulating layer, and wherein the second conductive layer is formed by laminating, wherein the second conductive layer is in contact with the second region of the interlayer insulating layer along the second region, and is connected to the first conductive layer via the contact hole.

Abstract: The present invention provides an indomethacin-containing external liquid preparation which provides good feeling of use, which exhibits high percutaneous absorption of indomethacin, and which, particularly in a low-temperature environment, does not cause precipitation of crystals with time. The present invention is drawn to an external liquid preparation containing indomethacin, a lower alcohol, water, a sulfite, and polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 3,000 to 15,000.

Abstract: The invention provides electrolytic a manganese dioxide with a BET specific surface area of 20 to 60 m2/g, and a volume of at least 0.023 cm3/g for pores with pore diameters of 2 to 200 nm. Also provided is a method for producing an electrolytic manganese dioxide including a step of suspending a manganese oxide in a sulfuric acid-manganese sulfate mixed solution to obtain the electrolytic manganese dioxide, wherein a manganese oxide particles are continuously mixed with a sulfuric acid-manganese sulfate mixed solution, for a manganese oxide particle concentration of 5 to 200 mg/L in the sulfuric acid-manganese sulfate mixed solution. Still further provided is a method for producing a lithium-manganese complex oxide, including a step of mixing the electrolytic manganese dioxide with a lithium compound and heat treating the mixture to obtain a lithium-manganese complex oxide.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus having an image forming unit forming a gradation image includes density detection, gradation correction, and mechanism control units. The density detection unit detects gradation image density. The gradation correction control unit controls a change of gradation characteristic. The mechanism control unit controls the image forming unit and a change of image density, and includes density difference calculation and comparison judging units. The density difference calculation unit calculates density difference between target image density and the image density. The comparison judging unit compares the density difference with reference value and judges the image density to change and the gradation correction unit to operate where the density difference exceeds the reference value, or judges the gradation correction unit to operate where the density difference is below the reference value.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a first print engine and a second print engine. The first print engine forms a first image formed of a first toner having a first average diameter. The first image is transferred onto a recording medium. The second print engine forms a second image formed of a second toner having a second average diameter larger than the first average diameter. The second image is transferred onto the first image in registration.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is configured such that a developer image is transferred by a transfer section from an image bearing body onto a recording medium. The image forming apparatus includes a memory, an apparatus usage information obtaining section, and a transfer voltage correcting section. The memory stores correction values for a transfer voltage, the correction values corresponding to changes in an operation status of the image forming apparatus. The apparatus usage information obtaining section obtains information on the operation status. The transfer voltage correcting section corrects the transfer voltage based on the correction values and the information on the operation status.

Abstract: A multiple-layer wiring substrate having a first conductive layer; an interlayer insulating layer; and a second conductive layer is disclosed, wherein the interlayer insulating layer includes a material whose surface energy is changed by receiving energy, and has a first region which does not include a contact hole and a second region which is formed such that its surface energy is higher than that of the first region, wherein a region within the contact hole of the first conductive layer has surface energy which is higher than surface energy of the second region of the interlayer insulating layer, and wherein the second conductive layer is formed by laminating, wherein the second conductive layer is in contact with the second region of the interlayer insulating layer along the second region, and is connected to the first conductive layer via the contact hole.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an interconnection member includes forming on a substrate a wettability changing layer containing a material in which critical surface tension is changed by giving energy; forming a depression part in the wettability changing layer by a laser ablation method using a laser of an ultraviolet region; and coating the depression part with an electrically conductive ink to form an electrically conductive part. At the same time when a pattern of the depression part is formed in the wettability changing layer, a pattern of a high surface energy area is formed as a result of the critical surface tension being changed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a write-once-read-many optical recording medium comprising a substrate, a recording layer comprising any one of bismuth and an oxide of bismuth, an overcoat layer and a reflective layer in this order from a laser beam incident plane, wherein the write-once-read-many optical recording medium has a reflectivity of 35% or less when a laser is applied to the flat part of the substrate or a write-once-read-many optical recording medium comprising a substrate, an undercoat layer, a recording layer comprising any one of bismuth and an oxide of bismuth, an overcoat layer and a reflective layer in this order from a laser beam incident plane, wherein the write-once-read-many optical recording medium has a reflectivity of 35% or less when a laser is applied to the flat part of the substrate.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical recording medium containing a laminated structure of a first deformable material layer containing a phase-change material that absorbs light at a recording wavelength to generate heat and is subject to exothermic melting and deformation and a second deformable material layer containing a material which contains a silicon oxide (SiOx; 0<x?2) that transmits light and is subject to thermal deformation and alteration. After information is recorded, the thickness of the first deformable material layer is changed according to the recorded information making center of the recorded marks thicker than the ends and the second deformable material layer is deformed and altered corresponding to the concave-convex-pattern formed on the first deformable material layer based on the recorded information and when the information is reproduced, the first deformable material layer is altered from solid to molten state.

Abstract: To provide a sputtering target for preparing a recordable optical recording medium characterized by comprising Bi and B and a manufacturing method thereof, a recordable high density optical recording medium using the sputtering target, and a sputtering target which is capable of improving a speed of the film formation for the improvement of productivity, which has a high intensity at the time of the film formation and which has a heightened packing density.

Abstract: A composition containing an extremely poorly water-soluble drug and obtained by treating, with a supercritical fluid or subcritical fluid of carbon dioxide, a mixture comprising a porous silica material and the extremely poorly water-soluble drug; and its production process. The porous silica material has an average pore diameter in a range of from 1 to 20 nm, pores having diameters within ±40% of the average pore size account for at least 60% of a total pore volume of the porous silica material, and in X-ray diffractometry, the porous silica material has at least one peak at a position of diffraction angle (2?) corresponding to a d value of at least 1 nm. The composition according to the present invention, which contains the extremely poorly water-soluble drug, is excellent in the dissolution of the extremely poorly water-soluble drug.

Abstract: A composition containing a very low water-soluble drug, which composition is produced by treating, with a supercritical or subcritical carbon dioxide fluid, a mixture containing a very low water-soluble drug and a porous material (exclusive of a porous silica material characterized in that the material has an average pore diameter of 1 to 20 nm, the total pore volume of the material that have a diameter falling within a range of ±40% of the average pore diameter account for 60% or more the volume of all the pores of the material, and, when subjected to X-ray diffractometry, the material exhibits one or more peaks at a diffraction angle (2?) corresponding to d of 1 nm or more); and a method for producing the composition. The very-low-water-soluble-drug-containing composition of the present invention ensures improved dissolution of the very low water-soluble drug.

Abstract: A method for producing a conductive oxide-deposited substrate including depositing a conductive oxide thin film over a substrate, subjecting the conductive oxide thin film to heat treatment by irradiating with a condensed laser beam so as to be thermally changed in part, and subjecting the conductive oxide thin film to etching treatment so as to remove a part which has not been thermally changed, wherein the conductive oxide thin film absorbs the laser beam, and at least a part of the conductive oxide thin film is an amorphous phase.

Abstract: To provide a thin-film solar battery including a substrate, a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer and a second electrode, the first electrode, the photoelectric conversion layer and the second electrode being placed over the substrate, wherein the photoelectric conversion layer has a laminated layer structure which includes at least a p-type layer and an n-type layer, and wherein the n-type layer is formed of a compound containing elements of Group 13, Group 16 and at least one of Groups 2, 7 and 12, the Group 13 includes at least indium, and the Group 16 includes at least sulfur.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing inexpensively and effectively a stamper utilized for producing multi-valued ROM discs, which comprises: (i) irradiating a light onto a laminate, thereby producing reacted portions within a thermo reactive layer, (ii) maintaining the reacted portions, which are produced by irradiating the light, within the thermo reactive layer, (iii) maintaining an optical absorption layer under the reacted portions, (iv) maintaining a substrate under the reacted portions, and (v) removing the maintained optical absorption layer and the maintained thermo reactive layer, wherein the laminate comprises the optical absorption layer and the thermo reactive layer on the substrate, the optical absorption layer and the thermo reactive layer are disposed adjacently.

Abstract: An imaging module includes an imaging chip including a micro-lens guiding incident light and an imaging element in a semiconductor substrate and converting the incident light into an electric signal, and a polarizing glass chip including a polarizing filter glass having a polarizer determining a polarization direction of the incident light arranged on a transparent substrate such that the polarizer faces the micro-lens and a spacer member connected to the polarizing filter glass to adjust a gap between the polarizer and the micro-lens of the imaging chip. In the imaging module, a melt-bonding surface of the spacer member is melt-bonded to the semiconductor substrate such that the polarizer of the polarizing glass chip and the micro-lens of the imaging chip are arranged close to each other via the gap, and the imaging element and the micro-lens of the imaging chip are sealed by the polarizing glass chip.

Abstract: To provide a sputtering target for preparing a recordable optical recording medium characterized by comprising Bi and B and a manufacturing method thereof, a recordable high density optical recording medium using the sputtering target, and a sputtering target which is capable of improving a speed of the film formation for the improvement of productivity, which has a high intensity at the time of the film formation and which has a heightened packing density.