Abstract: An optical recording medium is provided with at least a substrate, light absorbing and heat generating parts each of which absorbs light and generates heat, and recording parts, and each of the recording parts are formed between two recording tracks.

Abstract: To provide a sputtering target for preparing a recordable optical recording medium characterized by comprising Bi and B and a manufacturing method thereof, a recordable high density optical recording medium using the sputtering target, and a sputtering target which is capable of improving a speed of the film formation for the improvement of productivity, which has a high intensity at the time of the film formation and which has a heightened packing density.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an recording method for a multi-layered optical recording medium including M phase change recording layers, with M?2. The method comprises recording a mark in a Kth one of said recording layers by using a laser to irradiate the Kth recording layer using a recording pulse train including a plurality of laser beam pulses. The recording pulse train for the Kth recording layer has a cycle of t(K)[T], the 1st recording layer is the recording layer closest the laser beam, and the Mth recording layer is the recording layer furthest from the laser beam, T is a clock cycle. The following relationship is satisfied: t(1)<t(M), and the cycle of recording pulse train does not decrease from one recording layer to the next recording layer in the direction in which the laser beam irradiates.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical recording medium containing a laminated structure of a first deformable material layer containing a phase-change material that absorbs light at a recording wavelength to generate heat and is subject to exothermic melting and deformation and a second deformable material layer containing a material which contains a silicon oxide (SiOx; 0<x?2) that transmits light and is subject to thermal deformation and alteration. After information is recorded, the thickness of the first deformable material layer is changed according to the recorded information making center of the recorded marks thicker than the ends and the second deformable material layer is deformed and altered corresponding to the concave-convex-pattern formed on the first deformable material layer based on the recorded information and when the information is reproduced, the first deformable material layer is altered from solid to molten state.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is configured such that a developer image is transferred by a transfer section from an image bearing body onto a recording medium. The image forming apparatus includes a memory, an apparatus usage information obtaining section, and a transfer voltage correcting section. The memory stores correction values for a transfer voltage, the correction values corresponding to changes in an operation status of the image forming apparatus. The apparatus usage information obtaining section obtains information on the operation status. The transfer voltage correcting section corrects the transfer voltage based on the correction values and the information on the operation status.

Abstract: Provided is a recordable optical recording medium that comprises a substrate, a recording layer, and a reflective layer, wherein the recording layer and the reflective layer are formed on the substrate, the recording layer is formed of an inorganic material, and information is recorded on the recordable optical recording medium by use of an irreversible change at the recording layer caused by irradiating blue laser light.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide an optical-recording medium in which problems such as cross-write, i.e., signals are recorded wrongly on adjacent tracks, and cross-erase i.e., recording signals on adjacent tracks are erased wrongly, can be solved, and which enables high-density recording; a method for producing the optical-recording medium; and a method for recording and reproducing an optical-recording medium. To achieve this object, the optical-recording medium includes a substrate, an optical-absorption layer which absorbs light and generates heat on or above the substrate, a recording layer, and record-blocking portions which block recording on the recording layer, in which the record-blocking portions are disposed between the recording layer and the optical-absorption layer, and between adjacent tracks, and recording marks are formed on the recording layer by the optical absorption function of the optical-absorption layer.

Abstract: An optical disc having a transition linear velocity of 8-11 m/s when irradiating continuous light with 11±1 mW and a wavelength of 660±10 nm using a pickup head with a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.65, and satisfying the following condition: ?R=|Rb?Ra|?3% where Rb is a reflectance of an unrecorded area, and Ra is a reflectance of the top of an eye pattern after ten cycles of recording. In one recording mode therefor, the disc is rotated at a constant angular velocity so as to have a linear velocity of 3-4 m/s on an innermost track and a linear velocity of 8-9 m/s on an outermost track. In another mode, the disc is rotated at a constant angular velocity so as to have a linear velocity of 5-6 m/s on an innermost track and a linear velocity of 13-14 m/s on an outermost track.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus having an image forming unit forming a gradation image includes density detection, gradation correction, and mechanism control units. The density detection unit detects gradation image density. The gradation correction control unit controls a change of gradation characteristic. The mechanism control unit controls the image forming unit and a change of image density, and includes density difference calculation and comparison judging units. The density difference calculation unit calculates density difference between target image density and the image density. The comparison judging unit compares the density difference with reference value and judges the image density to change and the gradation correction unit to operate where the density difference exceeds the reference value, or judges the gradation correction unit to operate where the density difference is below the reference value.

Abstract: A method for producing a conductive oxide-deposited substrate including depositing a conductive oxide thin film over a substrate, subjecting the conductive oxide thin film to heat treatment by irradiating with a condensed laser beam so as to be thermally changed in part, and subjecting the conductive oxide thin film to etching treatment so as to remove a part which has not been thermally changed, wherein the conductive oxide thin film absorbs the laser beam, and at least a part of the conductive oxide thin film is an amorphous phase.

Abstract: The object is to provide an optical recording method improving the recording characteristics and uniformity in a CAV recording on a phase-change optical recording medium, particularly a high-speed rewritable DVD medium, and a phase-change optical recording medium and an optical recording apparatus used by the method.

Abstract: The present invention provides an indomethacin-containing external liquid preparation which provides good feeling of use, which exhibits high percutaneous absorption of indomethacin, and which, particularly in a low-temperature environment, does not cause precipitation of crystals with time. The present invention is drawn to an external liquid preparation containing indomethacin, a lower alcohol, water, a sulfite, and polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 3,000 to 15,000.

Abstract: An optical recording method to record information with a mark length recording method, where an amorphous mark and a crystal space are recorded only in the groove of a substrate having a guide groove, with the temporal length of the mark and the space of nT (T denotes a reference clock period; n denotes a natural number). The space is formed at least by an erase pulse of power Pe; all the marks of 4T or longer are formed by a multi pulse alternatively irradiating a heating pulse of power Pw and a cooling pulse of power Pb while Pw>Pb; and the Pe and the Pw satisfy the following relations: 0.15?Pe/Pw?0.4, and 0.4??w/(?w+?b)?0.8, where ?w denotes the sum of the length of the heating pulses, and ?b denotes the sum of the length of the cooling pulses.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an image acquisition section which acquires a color image; a memory section which stores a first table correlating a specific color with a symbol indicating the specific color; a color discrimination section which discriminates a color on the basis of color information of each portion in the color image, and extracts an area having the specific color; a symbol composition section which specifies the symbol corresponding to the specific color by reference to the first table, and composes the specified symbol into the area having the specific color in the color image to generate a composite color image; and an image output section which outputs the composite color image.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing structure in which a medium for forming structure contains a stacked composition of a light absorption layer and a thermal reaction layer, and microscopic structures are formed uniformly by separating the light absorption layer which generates heat by light absorption and the thermal reaction layer which reacts with heat to form structures. Therefore, provided is a method for manufacturing structure containing light irradiation to a medium for forming structure having a stacked composition containing a light absorption layer which contains a light absorption material, and a thermal reaction layer which contains a thermal reaction material, and etching the medium for forming structure which is irradiated with light.

Abstract: The present invention provides a write-once-read-many optical recording medium comprising a substrate, a recording layer comprising any one of bismuth and an oxide of bismuth, an overcoat layer and a reflective layer in this order from a laser beam incident plane, wherein the write-once-read-many optical recording medium has a reflectivity of 35% or less when a laser is applied to the flat part of the substrate or a write-once-read-many optical recording medium comprising a substrate, an undercoat layer, a recording layer comprising any one of bismuth and an oxide of bismuth, an overcoat layer and a reflective layer in this order from a laser beam incident plane, wherein the write-once-read-many optical recording medium has a reflectivity of 35% or less when a laser is applied to the flat part of the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a 2-benzyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2H-pyridazin-3-one adsorptive porous material characterized by treating a porous material with a halogen-containing organic solvent in which 2-benzyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2H-pyridazin-3-one is dissolved. The production method of the present invention is simple and easy, and the obtained adsorptive porous material is excellent in dissolution properties of 2-benzyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2H-pyridazin-3-one.

Abstract: The controller of the present invention provides a transfer rate determiner determining a transfer rate of the backup data transmitted from a plurality of apparatuses through a communication link on the basis of the achievement of transfer rates in the past, a schedule adjuster generating a schedule by editing the transfer rates of the backup data determined with the transfer rate determiner, and a backup operation backing up the backup data in accordance with the generated schedule edited with the schedule adjuster.

Abstract: An optical recording method of recording information to a phase change optical recording medium with alternate application of peak power and bias power in a pulse manner and with changing a pulse application. interval continuously from an inner part through an outer part of the recording medium with an interval proportional to a window width Tw and a fixed interval, comprising the step of starting a top peak power application interval with a delay from a data input pulse signal starting time for a target mark length nTw, where n denotes an integer in a range between 3 and 14, with changing the delay in proportion to the window width Tw with changing a proportionality factor discretely with respect each linear velocity.

Abstract: To provide electrolytic manganese dioxide to be used as a cathode active material for an alkali-manganese dry cell, which has a high alkali potential and is provided with a high reactivity and packing efficiency as a cathode for the cell. Electrolytic manganese dioxide having an alkali potential of at least 310 mV, FWHM of at least 2.2° and at most 3.0°, and a (110)/(021) peak intensity ratio in the X-ray diffraction peaks of at least 0.50 and at most 0.80, is used. The (110) interplanar spacing of the electrolytic manganese dioxide is preferably at least 4.00 ? and at most 4.06 ?. Particularly when the alkali potential is at least 350 mV and at most 400 mV, the molar ratio of structural water contained (H2O/MnO2) is preferably at least 0.20. It can be produced by electrolysis at a low sulfuric acid concentration at the initial stage of the electrolysis and at a high sulfuric acid concentration at a later stage. It is preferred to further carry out sulfuric acid treatment.