Abstract: In an integrated type gas-insulated switching apparatus, a plurality of switching devices are provided. Each of switching devices includes a contact and an insulated container in which the contact is contained. The contact comprises electrodes adapted to be contacted with each other and separated therefrom. The insulated container is filled with an insulating gas. A conductive container is provided, to which the plurality of switching devices are connected, respectively. An insulated structure supports the conductive container.

Abstract: A method of forming an emitter electrode of a bipolar transistor. The emitter electrode includes a double-layered structure of a polysilicon layer and a refractory metal silicide layer. The method includes the steps of removing a natural oxide film from a surface of a polysilicon layer by a sputter-etching process using inert gas ions in the range of acceleration energy from 5 eV to 50 eV; depositing a refractory metal layer on the surface of the polysilicon layer; and carrying out a heat treatment to cause a silicidation reaction to form a refractory metal silicide layer over the polysilicon layer.

Abstract: In a hybrid type gas insulation switch gear apparatus, a main enclosure including a first cylindrical section have a base and a second cylindrical section branched from the base. A bushing is mounted on the cylindrical section and including a hollow insulating housing having a housing space and a central conductor extended in the hollow insulating housing. A first insulating spacer is provided in the first cylindrical section and configured to separate the first hollow space into first and second segment spaces. An insulating enclosure is also mounted to the second cylindrical section and including an enclosure space. A second insulating spacer is provided between the insulating enclosure and the second cylindrical section and configured to separate the enclosure space from the second hollow space. A disconnecting switch is formed in the first segment space of the first cylindrical section and a circuit breaker is also formed in the insulating enclosure.

Abstract: In a hybrid type gas insulation switch gear apparatus, a main enclosure including a first cylindrical section have a base and a second cylindrical section branched from the base. A bushing is mounted on the cylindrical section and including a hollow insulating housing having a housing space and a central conductor extended in the hollow insulating housing. A first insulating spacer is provided in the first cylindrical section and configured to separate the first hollow space into first and second segment spaces. An insulating enclosure is also mounted to the second cylindrical section and including an enclosure space. A second insulating spacer is provided between the insulating enclosure and the second cylindrical section and configured to separate the enclosure space from the second hollow space. A disconnecting switch is formed in the first segment space of the first cylindrical section and a circuit breaker is also formed in the insulating enclosure.

Abstract: In an integrated type gas-insulated switching apparatus, a plurality of switching devices are provided. Each of switching devices includes a contact and an insulated container in which the contact is contained. The contact comprises electrodes adapted to be contacted with each other and separated therefrom. The insulated container is filled with an insulating gas. A conductive container is provided, to which the plurality of switching devices are connected, respectively. An insulated structure supports the conductive container.

Abstract: It enables easy and quick searching and delivery of information desired by a user based upon a portion of time-series data which consists of clip information from music, a movie, a commercial message, or the like. The user accesses an information search server from a user terminal which is connected to a network, and, using this portion of time-series data as a search key, performs searches upon said server for information related to the time-series data. The information search server returns the name of the tune, the title of the movie, the name of goods advertised in the commercial message or the like to the user terminal via said network as search results, and the search provider levies a price for said search from the user.

Abstract: Signal detection having superior resistance with respect to feature distortions is realized. Reference and input feature time-series signals, each consisting of feature vectors, are respectively obtained from reference and input time-series signals. The reference and input feature time-series signals are respectively converted into reference and input coded time-series signals, each consisting of codes indicating classifications. A distortion is added to at least one signal of the reference and input time-series signals, the reference and input feature time-series signals, and the reference and input coded time-series signals. The degree of similarity between the reference time-series signal and a collation portion determined in the input coded time-series signal is calculated based on their histograms.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of forming an emitter electrode of a bipolar transistor, the emitter electrode comprising a double-layered structure of a polysilicon layer and a refractory metal silicide layer. The method comprises the steps of: removing a natural oxide film from a surface of a polysilicon layer by a sputter-etching process using inert gas ions in the range of acceleration energy from 5 eV to 50 eV; depositing a refractory metal layer on the surface of the polysilicon layer; and carrying out a heat treatment to cause a silicidation reaction to form a refractory metal silicide layer over the polysilicon layer.

Abstract: The method for fabricating a semiconductor device disclosed is one in which an insulation film is formed on a metal interconnect by an Electron Cyclotron Resonance Chemical Vapor Deposition (ECR CVD) process capable of applying a radio frequency bias to a substrate, a surface of the insulation film is planarized by a chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) process, and a surface of the insulation film is cleaned. The ECR CVD process capable of applying a radio frequency bias to a substrate may be a radio frequency bias plasma CVD process or a bias sputtering process. The cleaning of the surface of the insulation film may use a hydrogen fluoride solution. It is easy to control processes without increasing the number of process steps and a high degree of planarization can be realized.

Abstract: A method of forming a flat surface of an insulator film of a semiconductor device, providing no excessive polishing, polishing waste that is easily removed and an extensive flat surface of the insulator film. A first wiring film is formed on or over a semiconductor substrate and a first insulator film is formed on the first wiring film. The first insulator film and the first wiring film are patterned to a given shape in the same patterning process. A second insulator film is formed on the first insulator film thus patterned. The second insulator film is relatively higher in polishing rate than the first insulator film. Then, a surface of the second insulator film is polished to be flattened under pressure until the first insulator film is exposed. As the first and second insulator films, a silicon nitride film and a silicon dioxide film are preferably used, respectively.

Abstract: There is disclosed a meter driving device which can perform a smooth indication through a simple process in response to an input pulse even if the frequency of the input pulse is relatively low.An edge detector generates a one-shot pulse each time the edge of an input pulse is detected by the edge detector. CPU performs a digital filtering process to the one-shot pulse in response to a start signal having a constant update cycle that is provided from a timer. Thus, the high-frequency components are removed from the one-shot pulse so that a DC component is taken out to provide an angular shift .theta. of an indicating arm corresponding to the frequency of the input pulse. This DC component is used to move the indicating arm through a indicator drive device.

Abstract: A multiple-meter driving system intends to cut down on the amount of space needed and to reduce the manufacturing cost by providing a single controller including a processing circuit, the controller being adapted collectively to drive a plurality of meters mounted in a vehicle such as motorcar or the like. Pulse signals each having a frequency corresponding to an input signal from a vehicle speed sensor or the like in the vehicle are counted with respect to their period T by a plurality of counters. The counts are then supplied to the controller. DC signals each corresponding to an input from a fuel sensor or the like are converted into digital signals by an A/D converter, which are also supplied to the controller. The processing circuit in the controller time-shares these input signals so as to perform operations of 1/T, sine and cosine. The results are again supplied back to the controller which in turn directs them to pulse width modulating circuits corresponding to the respective meters to be indicated.

Abstract: A meter driving system measures a period of input signals, and operates meters based on the measured period data. When no period data arrive in a preset period of time after the last period data, the lapsed time is treated as the period data so as to renew the meter indication. The meter driving system is very responsive to a signal whose frequency is gradually decreased, thereby giving the indication with little delay.

Abstract: A meter drive apparatus using a counter for counting reference clocks and a comparator for comparing the output value of the counter and the data indicating a directive target of a meter. The output of the comparator is supplied to steering logic where the sign of a current flowing a drive coil of the meter is determined. When supplying the counted value of the counter to the comparator, parallel bits indicating the counted value are cyclically changed. The output of the comparator is PWM-modulated to drive the meter. The effective frequency of PWM waveform is increased, compared to the direct PWM modulation based on the data indicating the directive target of the meter. With this meter drive apparatus, the frequency of the reference clocks may be relatively low.

Abstract: A meter driving system receives pulse signals from a sensor, counting frequencies or periods of the input signals. The counted results are weight-averaged to determine an output value and a value to be indicated. In a weight-averaging process, a weight is varied in response to the frequencies of the input signal. Thus, the meter can give a precise indication regardless of varying input frequencies.

Abstract: A meter driving device for indicating angular positions corresponding to input values. The device includes a memory for storing previously given input values, angular directions corresponding to the input values, and coefficients representative of the grades of change in angular direction depending on the change between adjacent two input values, as parameters. Based on these parameters and the frequency of input pulse signal giving the input values, the angular direction corresponding thereto is calculated. The angular direction signal receives PWM process and then supplies to a pair of crossed exciting coils via a driver. During a predetermined time period from the turning ON and OFF of the power source, the transference of the angular direction signals to the driver is shut out by logic gates, thereby inhibiting malfunctional meter indication.

Abstract: A moving body comprises two members interconnected by a flexible linear member and each symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the direction of its movement through a pipe. The moving members are congruent with each other and are preferably made of an elastic material. Work is performed in the interior of pipes, for example, for lining with use of the moving body by applying a fluid pressure to the back side of the body. As a preferred example of lining work, the moving body is used for reforming an outworn underground pipe by lining the pipe with a resin layer having strength to withstand an external pressure of at least about 0.1 kg/cm.sup.2 G per meter of the depth at which the pipe is laid underground. The pipe is used as a frame for this operation.

Abstract: An improved gas-insulated bushing having a high withstand voltage and an increased capacity to cool a conductor, wherein the upper end portion of a potential-controlling capacitor in the form of a stopped tube is directly airtightly fitted to the outer surface of the central conductor, thereby enlarging a distance between the capacitor and the inner wall of the porcelain insulator and elevating the withstand voltage of the bushing; an internal pipe open at the bottom is inserted into the central conductor; the upper portion of the internal pipe communicates with a cooling case provided at the top of the porcelain insulator; a cooling gas is circulated through a route consisting of the cooling case, a space defined between the outer wall of the internal pipe and the inner wall of the central conductor and the interior of the internal pipe; and a cooling mechanism completely separated from an insulation gas chamber is provided in the central conductor, thereby enabling a cooling gas having a higher cooling capa

Abstract: A method of lining a large pipe and small pipes branching therefrom with a seal composition, in which the pipes are lined as connected together, and the large pipe or the small pipes are lined first. The portion of the seal composition forced into the small pipes when the large pipe is lined with use of a running body is returned into the large pipe again and is subsequently applied, without being discharged from the system, to the lining layer of the large pipe as a top coat with use of a running body having a slightly smaller diameter than the running body. When one of the pipes has a greatly bent portion, a running body is used which comprises two members each shaped symmetrically, congruent with each other and interconnected by a flexible linear member.