Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal layer having super twisted nematic liquid crystal with a twist angle of 260.degree., the liquid crystal layer being sandwiched between a first substrate and a second substrate. A color filter is formed on the second substrate. The first substrate is orientation-processed so that pretilt angles of the liquid crystal to the first substrate are 5.5.degree.. The second substrate is orientation-processed so that pretilt angles of the liquid crystal to the second substrate are 3.0.degree.. Therefore, it is possible to easily reduce occurrence rate of inadequate display and, at the same time, to maintain beneficial characteristics of a liquid crystal display device with a twist angle of 250.degree. or more, i.e., a good temperature characteristic, a small contrast change against a temperature change, and good quality display.

Abstract: A color filter is formed on one surface of one of a pair of light-transmitting substrates and an organic overcoat film for smoothing is formed on the color filter. In addition, a metallic or silicon nitride film such as SiNx and a metallic or silicon oxide film such as SiOx are formed thereon in this order before forming the ITC film. The formation of the metallic or silicon nitride film and the metallic or silicon oxide film enhances the adhesion of the ITC film.

Abstract: A plastic liquid crystal display device having top coats (insulating films) which can be set at 200.degree. C. or less without resort to ultraviolet light and have appreciable flexibility. The plastic liquid crystal display device comprises a pair of plastic substrates, transparent electrodes, insulating films for protecting the transparent electrodes, aligning films and a liquid crystal, wherein the insulating film (top coat) is formed by dispersing any one of acryl-silanic resin, epoxy-silanic resin and silanic resin in a solvent to provide a solution, coating the solution on the transparent electrode and sintering a resulting coating at 200.degree. C. or less.

Abstract: A method of producing a liquid crystal display device comprising the steps of opposing two substrates, which are composed of a transparent electrode formed on a plastic substrate, with a specified space therebetween, sealing the circumferential ends of the substrates with a sealant so as to form a sealed space, and injecting a liquid crystal to the sealed space, wherein a degassing treatment is conducted by heating each of the substrates or the sealed substrates in a vacuum atmosphere to release gas adsorbed on the surface of the substrates prior to the step of forming the transparent electrode, the sealing step or the injection step of the liquid crystal.

Abstract: First and second transparent hard plastic substrates are placed one over the other to form therebetween a gap into which a liquid crystal is to be sealed in. The first and second substrates are mounted on the reference plane of a stage. The distance between the first substrate and the reference plane is measured in a non-contact manner at a plurality of measuring points on a predetermined dividing line. Based on the distances measured, a slit is formed on the first substrate by cutting the first substrate along the dividing line while leaving a portion of a predetermined thickness uncut. The first substrate is then broken along the slit. With this arrangement, it is possible to cut the substrates while leaving a portion of an appropriate thickness uncut irrespective of unevenness of the thickness or waviness of the first substrate.

Abstract: In a color liquid crystal display device, the shape of a color filter cannot be seen and coloring of areas other than a display area due to leaking light is prevented. By making a first and second segment electrodes in a two layer construction, it becomes possible to display two different display image planes in different colors with only the single layer type color liquid crystal display device. Further, sufficient contrast can be obtained by using a liquid crystal element for compensation. It is also possible to display two kinds of display image planes, namely a color display image plane and a black and white display image plane. Two kinds of color display image planes can be displayed because the color liquid crystal display device is made in a two layered construction. A so-called normally black display and normally white display can be switched.

Abstract: A plastic-substrate liquid crystal display device has, on inner faces of a pair of plastic substrates 3 for sandwiching liquid crystals 10, a hard coat 4 made of an organic material, an SiOx undercoat 5, and an ITO electrode 6 in this order. Boron (B) is contained in the material of the hard coat 4. It is thus possible to enhance the adhesion property of the SiOx undercoat 5 and the ITO electrode 6 with respect to the substrate 3 and to prevent the occurrence of cracks therein.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having a structure such that two sheets of substrates each provided with a transparent electrode and an orientation film are disposed opposite to each other through a spacer particle, which has an elastic modulus in compression of 370 to 550 kg/mm.sup.2 at the 10% displacement of the particle diameter, and a liquid crystal layer is also provided. As a result of this structure for the liquid crystal display, a uniform display quality can be realized through a reduction in the cell gap deviation caused when use is made of a thin sheet substrate.

Abstract: A color liquid crystal display device in which a color filter is provided over the entire surface of the glass substrate. In a first embodiment, display electrodes extend over a plurality of color filter sectors to form segment electrodes. In a second embodiment, the transmissivity of light passing through the liquid crystal layer can be varied in levels by making the display electrodes in two-layer, operating voltage on each of the electrodes independently, and varying in levels the amplitude of voltage applied on the liquid crystal layer by the display electrodes. In a third embodiment, the amount of light transmitted in the display area of a color filter sector is controlled by two or more display electrodes which divide up the display area.

Abstract: A pair of polarizers are respectively attached to a pair of substrates forming a twisted nematic field effect mode liquid crystal display. An orientation control film is disposed on each of the pair of substrates to orient liquid crystal molecules of a liquid crystal material in a desired direction. Each of the pair of polarizers is attached to an outer surface of the respective substrates such that the plane of polarization of each of the polarizers is not in parallel with or perpendicular to a direction oriented by the orientation control film.

Abstract: A photocurable soluble resin suitable for manufacturing photosensitive resin plates obtained by polycondensing an alkylol derivative or an alkylated alkylol derivative of urea or thiourea with an N-alkylolacrylamide or N-alkylolmethacrylamide in the presence of an acid or an ammonium salt thereof or by reacting urea or thiourea with formaldehyde to form a linear polycondensation product and then grafting an N-alkylolacrylamide or N-alkylolmethacrylamide on the linear polycondensation product in the presence of an acid or an ammonium salt thereof. This soluble resin is incorporated with known soluble resins such as soluble nylon, photosensitizers and thermal polymerization inhibitors and mixed thoroughly to obtain a soluble photosensitive resin composition.