Abstract: A system for a backplane serializer/deserializer (SerDes) including first and second integrated circuits (IC). The first and second ICs include transmitters and receivers coupled to each other through first and second bidirectional links. A first receiver is configured to receive first data at a data rate on a first channel supported by both the first bidirectional link and the second bidirectional link. A second receiver is configured to receive second data at the data rate on a second channel supported by both the first bidirectional link and the second bidirectional link. The backplane SerDes is configured to transfer the first and second data in full duplex mode by employing two-bit pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM-4) to reduce signaling speed of the first and second bidirectional links without reducing throughput of a lane pair including the first and second channels.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are provided for configuring a serializer/deserializer (SerDes) based on evaluation of a probe signal. Included is circuitry configured to detect at least one of a probe signal or a reflection resulting from the probe signal. Such probe signal and/or reflection is evaluated such that at least one configurable aspect of the apparatus may be set, based on the evaluation.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for controlling a delay circuit. Included is a delay circuit configured to receive a probe signal. Further provided is a controller in electrical communication with the delay circuit. The controller is configured to perform various operations, in response to the receipt of the probe signal by the delay circuit. A positive peak and a negative peak of an output of the delay circuit are measured. Further, a ratio involving the positive peak and the negative peak of the output of the delay circuit is calculated. A delay of the delay circuit is controlled, based on the ratio.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are provided for reducing a number of intersymbol interference components to be suppressed. Included is a receiver path with a linear equalizer configured to: receive a signal pulse including a data component and a first number of post-cursor intersymbol interference components, delay and process the signal pulse such that the signal pulse includes a second number of post-cursor intersymbol interference components which is less than the first number of post-cursor intersymbol interference components, and produce an output signal that includes the data component and the second number of post-cursor intersymbol interference components. The receiver path further includes a decision feedback equalizer in electrical communication with the linear equalizer. The decision feedback equalizer is configured to: receive the output signal from the linear equalizer, and suppress the second number of the post-cursor intersymbol interference components of the output signal.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are provided for reducing a number of intersymbol interference components to be suppressed. Included is a receiver path with a linear equalizer configured to: receive a signal pulse including a data component and a first number of post-cursor intersymbol interference components, delay and process the signal pulse such that the signal pulse includes a second number of post-cursor intersymbol interference components which is less than the first number of post-cursor intersymbol interference components, and produce an output signal that includes the data component and the second number of post-cursor intersymbol interference components. The receiver path further includes a decision feedback equalizer in electrical communication with the linear equalizer. The decision feedback equalizer is configured to: receive the output signal from the linear equalizer, and suppress the second number of the post-cursor intersymbol interference components of the output signal.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are provided for at least mitigating a signal reflection. Included is a filter configured to receive a data signal for transmission, and filter the data signal to generate a filtered data signal. Also included is a gain regulator in electrical communication with the filter. The gain regulator is configured to receive the filtered data signal for adjusting a gain of the filtered data signal to generate a gain regulator output signal for use in at least mitigating a signal reflection. Further, a controller is provided in electrical communication with the filter and the gain regulator. The controller is configured to receive the filtered data signal, and process the filtered data signal to generate at least one controller output signal for use in controlling the filter and the gain regulator.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are provided for configuring a serializer/deserializer (SerDes) based on evaluation of a probe signal. Included is circuitry configured to detect at least one of a probe signal or a reflection resulting from the probe signal. Such probe signal and/or reflection is evaluated such that at least one configurable aspect of the apparatus may be set, based on the evaluation.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a substrate in which a specular reflection area that specularly reflects reaching light is disposed on one surface, a light emitting element disposed on the substrate to emit light at least from a side surface, and a light flux controlling member disposed over the light emitting element to control a distribution of light to be emitted from the light emitting element. The light flux controlling member includes a rear surface disposed closer to the substrate, an incidence surface being an inner surface of a recess opening toward the rear surface and receiving light emitted from the light emitting element, and an emission surface emitting at least a part of the light incident through the incidence surface toward an outside. An outer edge portion of the specular reflection area is positioned outside an opening edge portion of the recess.

Abstract: A system for a backplane serializer/deserializer (SerDes) including first and second integrated circuits (IC). The first and second ICs include transmitters and receivers coupled to each other through first and second bidirectional links. A first receiver is configured to receive first data at a data rate on a first channel supported by both the first bidirectional link and the second bidirectional link. A second receiver is configured to receive second data at the data rate on a second channel supported by both the first bidirectional link and the second bidirectional link. The backplane SerDes is configured to transfer the first and second data in full duplex mode by employing two-bit pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM-4) to reduce signaling speed of the first and second bidirectional links without reducing throughput of a lane pair including the first and second channels.

Abstract: This luminous flux control member has: an incidence surface through which light emitted from a light-emitting element enters; an emission surface through which the light entering from the incidence surface is emitted to the outside; and multiple ridges that are formed on the back side so as to surround the central axis (CA) and that have a substantially triangular cross-sectional shape. Each of the multiple ridges has a first reflecting surface, a second reflecting surface, and a ridge line which is the line of intersection of the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface. An imaginary line containing the ridge lines intersects the central axis (CA) at a position closer to the front side than the ridge lines.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) for a backplane serializer/deserializer (SerDes) system, comprising a first transmitter configured to send first data at a data rate to a second receiver in a second IC, a first receiver configured to receive second data at the data rate from a second transmitter in the second IC, wherein each of a first link and a second link is to the first transmitter, the first receiver, the second transmitter, and the second receiver, and wherein both the first link and the second link combined are configured to transfer the first data from the first transmitter to the second receiver and transfer the second data from the second transmitter to the first receiver at the data rate.

Abstract: A transmitter including a noise signal generator and a summing element is provided. The noise signal generator is configured to receive multiple noise settings and output multiple noise signals corresponding to the multiple noise settings. The summing element is configured to receive a transmit data signal and the multiple noise signals, sum one or more of the multiple noise signals with the transmit data signal, and output to a transmit driver configured to generate one of a single-ended and a differential signal based on the sum of the one or more of the multiple noise signals with the transmit data signal.

Abstract: A light flux controlling member (100) of the present invention has: an incident part (110) that receives light emitted from a light emitting element (210); a total reflection surface (120) that reflects a part of light incident from the incident part (110) toward a front side; a first emission part (130) that emits incident light received directly from the incident part (110) and light reflected at the total reflection surface (120) toward the outside; and a second emission part (160) that is protruded to the outside from the total reflection surface (120) and emits another part of light incident from the emission part (110) toward the outside.

Abstract: A surface light source device includes substrate, a plurality of light emitting devices disposed at constant intervals on substrate, and light diffusion plate disposed substantially parallel to substrate over the plurality of light emitting devices. Light emitting device includes light emitting element and light flux controlling member. A luminous intensity of light from light emitting device is gradually increased as an angle relative to optical axis becomes larger in an angular range from a direction along optical axis of light emitting device to a direction of emission of light with the highest luminous intensity from light emitting device. An angle of the light with the highest luminous intensity from the light emitting device is more than 78.7° relative to the optical axis. Surface light source device satisfies two Equations of H/P?0.2, and I1/2/I0>6.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus includes a light emitting element, a light flux controlling member which controls light distribution so as to narrow the light emitted from the light emitting element, a substantially tubular prism member which is formed of an optically-transparent material, has a plurality of prism rows, and extends in the optical axis direction, and a substantially tubular diffusion member having optical transparency and a light diffusion property. The plurality of prism rows is disposed parallel to the optical axis on the outer peripheral surface of the prism member.

Abstract: A surface light source device includes substrate, a plurality of light emitting devices disposed at constant intervals on substrate, and light diffusion plate disposed substantially parallel to substrate over the plurality of light emitting devices. Light emitting device includes light emitting element and light flux controlling member. A luminous intensity of light from light emitting device is gradually increased as an angle relative to optical axis becomes larger in an angular range from a direction along optical axis of light emitting device to a direction of emission of light with the highest luminous intensity from light emitting device. An angle of the light with the highest luminous intensity from the light emitting device is more than 78.7° relative to the optical axis. Surface light source device satisfies two Equations of H/P?0.2, and I1/2/I0>6.

Abstract: In a surface light source device (1), a positive reflective region (23) of a reflective member (20) that is disposed on the bottom surface (4) of a housing (2) reflects light output by a light emitting device (14) toward a direction away from the light emitting device (14). As a result, the brightness of the light in the proximity of the light emitting device (14) of the surface shaped illuminating light output by a light emitting surface member (3) can be suppressed, and the brightness of light of a central part (position furthest away from the light emitting device (14)) of the surface shaped illuminating light output by the light emitting surface member (3) can be increased.