Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the activity of a developing solution against oxidation by using a test piece for use in an automatic developer. Differences N.sub.4 -N.sub.4 ' and N.sub.5 -N.sub.5 ' between first and second standard densities N.sub.4 and N.sub.5 measured at first and second points of a first test piece developed in a standard developing solution and first and second densities N.sub.4 ' and N.sub.5 ' measured at the same points of a second test piece of the same type as the first one as the same points of the first test piece, developed in a developing solution to be controlled, are obtained. An operating time T of constant-flow supplementing means is calculated according to a formula T=K.sub.1 [K.sub.3 (N.sub.4 -N.sub.4 ')-(N.sub.5 -N.sub.5 ')]+K.sub.2 wherein K.sub.1, K.sub.2 and K.sub.

Abstract: A process for regenerating a resin, comprises the steps of dissolving a waste resin in an organic solvent to provide a resin solution, mixing the resin solution with a liquid of normal temperature, the liquid being immiscible with the solvent, scarcely dissolving the resin, and having a specific gravity smaller than that of the solvent and larger than that of the resin, thereby separating the resin from a mixture of the resin solution and the liquid, and recovering the resin. The liquid may have a temperature higher than the boiling point of the solvent. In this case, the solvent evaporation takes place together with the resin separation. The evaporated solvent is cooled later for recovery of the solvent.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the activity of a developing solution against blackening by using a test piece for use in an automatic developer are disclosed. A difference between a standard density measured at the predetermined point of the first test piece developed in a standard developing solution, and a density measured at the same point of the second test piece of the same type as the first test piece as said predetermined point of the first test piece, developed in a developing solution to be controlled, is obtained. Then, a predetermined factor is multiplied by the thus obtained density difference to obtain a control value, and then the activity of the developing solution is controlled according to the control value, such as adding a supplementary solution against the blackening to the developing solution to be controlled or putting an exposed film into the same. A permissible density difference range may be determined, in which no activity control is performed.

Abstract: A two speed or multi-speed video tape recorder of the conventional helical scan type in which the audio signal is capable of being recorded as a time compressed signal at one end of each helical video scan, or alternatively, in conventional longitudinal fashion by means of a stationary magnetic head engaging one edge of the tape.At low tape transport speeds, improved bandwidth (and therefore sound fidelity) is obtained by use of the time compression technique; while at higher transport speeds, there are advantages in utilizing the stationary audio head.Circuitry is provided to automatically utilize the time compression technique at lower tape transport speeds and the stationary head longitudinal recording technique at higher tape transport speeds.

Abstract: A magnetic recording method for recording a multiplex signal having two different frequency signals. A magnetic recording medium is used having a magnetic layer with a thickness which is smaller than a recorded wavelength of each of said two signals. The signal of a higher frequency is recorded at a current which is more than 2dB larger than the lower limit of the recording current with which a reproduced output level is saturated, and which is smaller than a current with which the reproduced output level is reduced by 1dB beyond said saturated condition. The signal of a lower frequency is recorded at a current which is smaller than one half of that of the signal of a higher frequency.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording and reproducing system of the type wherein a plurality of rotating magnetic heads record the video signal on a magnetic tape as tracks which are inclined at an angle relative to the direction of travel of the magnetic tape, the audio signal is time compressed and recorded by the rotating magnetic heads on tracks contiguous with either or both ends of said video signal recording tracks, whereby even at a considerably low tape transport speed the audio signal may be recorded in a stable manner.

Abstract: A video signal recording and reproducing system in which a video signal to be recorded is passed through preemphasis means and subsequently angular modulated so that it is recorded on a record medium. During playback operation, the video signal is angular demodulated and deemphasized through a deemphasis means. Preemphasis means comprises both a non-linear preemphasis circuit and a fixed preemphasis circuit. The deemphasis means similarly comprises a fixed deemphasis circuit and a non-linear deemphasis circuit. Each of the non-linear circuits is responsive to the amplitude of an input signal thereon.

Abstract: A system for reducing or suppressing the noise components in the TV signal wherein the component representative of the difference between the as-input (or as-received) TV signal and the TV signal which has been delayed by one horizontal scanning period is derived, the difference component is subjected to the amplitude limitation, and the noise components in the TV signal reproduced by VTR or the like are removed or suppressed by a comb filter comprising said as-input TV signal and the amplitude-limited difference component.

Abstract: Decarboxylation of carboxylic acids using diazabicycloalkenes and, if desired, also a simple copper salt, as the means for decarboxylation.

Abstract: In a circuit including an amplifier for amplifying a small signal from a signal source wherein the inductance of a transducer and the capacitance of a capacitor form a resonance circuit, the output from the amplifier is negatively fed back through a resistor or a combination of resistors to the input of the amplifier, whereby the noise in the demodulated signal may be suppressed.

Abstract: A multi-tracks magnetic head has a first conductor utilized as the bias winding, and a second conductor as the winding for the signal to be recorded. Only the first conductors of the respective unit magnetic heads are connected in series.By making use of the multi-track magnetic head constructed in this way, electrical power consumption by the amplifiers supplying the recording currents to drive all the composing unit magnetic heads is minimized, and the magnetic cross-talk between the unit magnetic heads is reduced.

Abstract: A steady and inexpensive color killer circuit system for a simplified video tape recorder of the type wherein the luminance signal and chrominance signal of a color television signal are respectively converted into an angular modulation signal and a lower frequency conversion signal for recording these signals in the form of a combined signal and also where a reproduced lower frequency converted chrominance signal is heterodyned with a continuous signal phase locked to the color burst signal in the reproduced chrominance signal to thereby cancel jitter components in the reproduced chrominance signal.

Abstract: A television signal recording and reproducing system wherein a television signal to be recorded is sequentially sampled at a predetermined number of points during each horizontal scanning period thereby to convert the television signal occupying a wide band into substantially vertically scanned signals. The converted signals, which have also been divided into multichannel signals, are recorded on a recording medium with a multichannel magnetic head. Reproduced signals from the multichannel head are sampled and added to produce the original television signals in a similar but reverse operation to the recording operation.

Abstract: An equipment for recording and reproducing color television signals or VTR (video tape recorder) is combined with a color television receiver as a single unit in such a way that some of their circuits are used in common with both the VTR and receiver, whereupon the circuit design as well as operation may be greatly simplified. The VTR and receiver are operatively coupled to each other through a switch for selecting a recording or reproducing mode. In recording mode, the video signal, which is received and detected by the receiver, passes through the mode selction switch to the luminance signal processing circuit and the carrier chrominance signal processing circuit in the receiver. The separated luminance and chrominance signals are applied to the input terminal of the VTR so that they may be recorded while one is watching the picture on a picture tube.

Abstract: In a system for cancelling time axis variations introduced into a frequency converted chrominance signal converted into a lower frequency range in the recording and reproduction of a color television signal with a small-size video tape recorder, in which system the cancellation of the time axis variations is effected by using a continuous reference signal obtained through an APC heterodyne system, the center frequency of oscillation of an APC oscillator is made n/m times the subcarrier frequency f.sub.s of the lower frequency converted chrominance signal (m and n being integers and n>m), and the reproduced frequency converted chrominance signal is heterodyned with a signal obtained by heterodyning a continuous signal obtained by dividing the frequency of the output signal of the oscillator by n/m in the presence of a steady reference signal at the same frequency as the standard color sub-carrier frequency to thereby obtain the cancellation of the time axis variations.

Abstract: A signal processing system for obtaining a continuous signal, phase locked to a signal subjected to timing variations. The continuous signal phase locked to a signal subjected to timing variations is obtained from a variable oscillator, whose oscillation is controlled according to an error signal produced from a phase comparator in accordance with the phase difference between the signal subjected to timing variations and a higher-frequency signal produced from the output of said variable oscillator in the presence of a fixed oscillator.