Abstract: The present invention provides a method of readily manufacturing a multi-layer pipe liner bag with a good workability. A guiding tube is inserted into an outer layer composed of a tubular resin absorbent material and a plastic film coated over the outer periphery of the tubular resin absorbent material. An inner layer composed of another tubular resin absorbent material is inserted into the guiding tube, and the guiding tube is extracted with the outer layer and the inner layer being fixed. The tubular resin absorbent materials of the outer layer and the inner layer are with thermosetting resin to complete the pipe liner bag. Since the outer layer and the inner layer are manufactured separately, the manufacturing of the respective layers can be performed with a good workability. Also advantageously, the plastic film covering the outer surface of the outer layer can be prevented from scratches and so on.

Abstract: A branch pipe lining bag wherein an annular protective member is previously fixed on a flange which is provided adjoined to an open end of a tubular bag. This tubular bag is soaked with a hardenable liquid resin and adapted to be everted under fluid pressure into a branch pipe. The protective member can be attached on the marginal periphery of the branch pipe opening to the main pipe simultaneously at the end of the branch pipe lining, irrespective of the inner diameter of the main pipe. Also, a pipe lining method wherein the annular protective member fixed on the flange is prepared previously and then the flange is connected to the part of the main pipe where the branch pipe opens. The main pipe lining bag can be bored without any damage irrespective of both the main pipe diameter and the branch pipe diameter or any connecting situations.

Abstract: A pipe lining method is provided for accurately cutting or punching out a pipe liner bag after being lined on an inner wall of a pipe with a good operability while preventing an operation environment from being contaminated. A fluid pressure is applied to act on a pipe liner bag introduced in a pipe to press the pipe liner bag onto the inner wall of the pipe. A thickness reducing member is brought into contact with the outer surface of the pipe liner bag to partially reduce the thickness of the pipe liner bag. A predetermined pipe lining operation with the above state maintained. Then, an external force is applied to a thickness reduced portion of the pipe liner bag to break the portion.

Abstract: A pipe lining method is provided for simply positioning a flange of a branch pipe liner bag to a branch pipe opening of a main pipe in a short period of time, and preventing the branch pipe liner bag from having a locally insufficient strength. A branch pipe liner bag is everted and inserted into a branch pipe with a fluid pressure. With the branch pipe liner bag pressed onto the inner wall of the branch pipe, a hardenable resin impregnated in the branch pipe liner bag is hardened to line the branch pipe. Then, a main pipe liner bag is everted and inserted into a main pipe with a fluid pressure. With the main pipe liner bag pressed onto the inner wall of the main pipe, a hardenable resin impregnated in the main pipe liner bag is hardened to line the main pipe. The fluid pressure acting inside the main pipe liner bag is adjusted such that a portion of the hardenable resin impregnated in the main pipe liner bag is oozed out. The oozed hardenable resin is introduced into a clearance space, and hardened therein.

Abstract: A method for forming dense ceramics, particularly a ceramic coating by a low temperature treatment is provided. The method for forming ceramics according to the invention is characterized in that a polysilazane having a number-average molecular weight of 100 to 50,000 or a modified polysilazane thereof is subjected to a heat treatment, then exposed to an atmosphere containing water vapor or immersed in distilled water containing a catalyst, or both, or is brought into contact with Pd.sup.2+ ions and water, the polysilazane having a skeleton comprising the unit represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, a group other than the above and having a carbon atom directly attached to the silicon atom, an alkylsilyl group, an alkylamino group and an alkoxy group; with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: A pipe lining method provides for precise cutting of a main pipe liner bag along a branch pipe opening using a cutter while preventing the inner wall of a branch pipe and the cutter from damages. After a cutting protection member is attached along the periphery of a branch pipe opening of a main pipe, the main pipe is lined using a main pipe liner bag. Then, a cutter of a cutting robot introduced into the main pipe is driven to cut away a portion of the main pipe liner bag covering a branch pipe opening. Since the cutting protection member functions as a guide for the cutter when cutting the portion of the main pipe liner bag covering the branch pipe opening as well as functions as a protection member for protecting the inner wall of the branch pipe, thereby making it possible to precisely cut the main pipe liner bag along the branch pipe opening using the cutter and to prevent the inner wall of the branch pipe and the cutter from damages.

Abstract: A method for impregnating a resin-absorbable tubular liner with a hardenable liquid resin: (a) a hose is connected to a vacuum pump; (b) the hose is inserted into the liner in a manner such that the open end of the hose comes close to, but sufficiently distant from, one end of the liner; (c) the other end of the tubular liner is closed over the hose in a manner such that the hose can freely slide through the closed end of the tubular liner; (d) a predetermined amount of the hardenable liquid resin is injected into the tubular liner through the open end of the tubular liner; (d') the open end of the tubular liner is substantially closed by placing it between a pair of rollers; and (e) the vacuum pump is operated to evacuate the hose while at the same time the hose and/or the resin-absorbable tubular liner are moved in a manner such that the length of the hose inside the liner is reduced.

Abstract: A pipe liner bag is provided with improved anti-peeling and anti-bursting properties by ensuring a high anti-peeling strength of the plastic film to be employed. The pipe liner bag has a tubular resin absorbent material, the outer surface of which is coated with a highly air-tight plastic film, and a hardenable resin impregnated in the tubular resin absorbent material. The tubular resin absorbent material is formed of tubular unwoven fabric subjected to the needle punching processing, where a side of the tubular unwoven fabric having stuck-out needles protruding therefrom is exposed to the outside to serve as an outer surface of the tubular resin absorbent material. The outer surface is coated with a plastic film.

Abstract: A method for lining an underground sewer pipe: (a) preparing a tubular liner made of a tubular fabric layer soaked with a thermosetting liquid resin and two layers of airtight film with which inner and outer walls of the fabric layer are covered; (b) inserting the liner assembly into the tubular conduit from the front end by pulling the front end with a rope; (c) inflating the tubular liner assembly after closing the front and the rear ends thereof; (d) heating the thermosetting resin to thereby harden the fabric layer of the liner assembly; and (e) removing those portions of the tubular liner assembly which do not partake in lining the tubular conduit.

Abstract: A branch pipe liner bag is provided for reliably lining a branch pipe even having a curved portion. The branch pipe liner bag has a tubular resin-absorbent material having a flange formed at one end thereof, the outer surface of which is covered with a highly air-tight film. The tubular resin-absorbent material is impregnated with an unhardened hardenable resin, and a separable tube is attached to the flange. According to this invention, since the separable tube is attached to the previously hardened flange of the branch pipe liner bag, the separable tube will never be torn or cut even if the branch pipe liner bag is everted and inserted into a branch pipe having a curved portion with a high fluid pressure, or even if the film covering the branch pipe liner bag is heated and therefore softened by a heat medium or heat generated by the hardening of the thermosetting resin.

Abstract: An economical branch pipe liner bag is provided. The branch pipe liner bag allows for a reduction in manufacturing cost, stabilized quality, and mass-production, and does not have any portion to be wasted when used. One end of a tubular resin absorbent material impregnated with an unhardened hardenable resin is outwardly folded and pressed to form an extension which is sandwiched between separate flange forming members to form a flange at the one end of the tubular resin absorbent material, thus constructing the branch pipe liner bag. Since the branch pipe liner bag has the flange formed at one end by integrally coupling the flange forming members, which are members separate from the tubular resin absorbent material, the flange forming members can be mechanically mass-produced independently of the tubular resin absorbent material, with the result that a manufacturing cost of these flange forming members is reduced, and consequently a manufacturing cost of the branch pipe liner bag is reduced.

Abstract: A tubular branch pipe liner is proposed, which has a rigid collar at its end and to this collar is attached a protector consisting of a first portion which is out-spread downwardly and curved to fit on the lower face of the collar and is fixed thereto, a second portion which is roughly cylindrical and fitted into the inner peripheral face of the collar and the inner wall of a little part of the tubular branch pipe liner which is immediately continuous from the collar, and a third portion which extends downwardly and terminates in an annular end face at a location substantially lower than the joint where the first portion and the second portion meet; also proposed is a pipe lining method, which comprises the steps of preparing a branch pipe liner with a collar; and attaching the above-mentioned protective member to the collar; and lining a branch pipe with the tubular branch pipe liner; and lining the main pipe with a conventional main pipe liner; and cutting a hole through that circular portion of the main pi

Abstract: A branch pipe liner bag and a pipe lining method are provided for ensuring to securely joining a flange and a main pipe liner bag to provide a reliable integrated structure. The branch pipe liner bag comprises a tubular resin-absorbent material impregnated with an unhardened hardenable resin. The tubular resin-absorbent material is formed at one end thereof with a rigid flange which is formed with a plurality of bores. In the pipe lining method using the branch pipe liner bag, a portion of unhardened hardenable resin oozing from a main pipe liner bag enters the bores formed through the flange of the branch pipe liner bag and is hardened therein, so that the flange is securely joined with the main pipe liner bag, thereby preventing a gap from being formed therebetween. In addition, the bores may be arranged on concentric circles on the flange, and cords made of a resin-absorbent material may be passed through the bores along the inner or outer periphery of the flange.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for lining an underground pipe are proposed: the pipe is plugged at a location upstream to a manhole; a three-pronged passage is installed whose first end penetrates the plug and opens in the interior of the pipe upstream to the plug and whose second end opens in the manhole at the level of the pipe, and whose third end opens in the atmosphere at a substantially high level; then the second end of the three-pronged passage is closed to cause the drain water to rise and go toward the third end of the three-pronged passage; the drain water is let to fall from the down-looking third end of the three-pronged passage into an upper end of a vertical eversion conduit provided in the manhole, thereby effecting eversion of a tubular liner into the vertical eversion conduit means; the tubular liner everting in the vertical eversion conduit is guided by a guide device such that at the lower end of the vertical eversion conduit the eversion head of the tubular liner is caused to turn orthogonally

Abstract: An LCD panel test apparatus for testing an LCD panel and compensating the differences in absolute values of measured data among two or more test apparatuses.

Abstract: A windscreen support structure for a motorcycle includes a windscreen bracket having a first end and a distal end, the first end is connected to a portion of a frame of a motorcycle. A first windscreen plate is affixed to the distal end of the windscreen bracket, the first windscreen plate extends in a traverse direction relative to the windscreen bracket and includes first and second support projections displaced relative to each other and being substantially orthogonally mounted relative to the first windscreen plate. A second windscreen plate is secured to the first windscreen plate for mounting a windscreen therebetween. The second windscreen plate extends in a traverse direction relative to the windscreen bracket and includes first and second support projections displaced relative to each other and being aligned relative to the first windscreen plate. Connecting members are provided for securing the first and second windscreen plates relative to each other for mounting a windscreen therebetween.

Abstract: A method for forming dense ceramics, particularly a ceramic coating by a low temperature treatment is provided. The method for forming ceramics according to the invention is characterized in that a polysilazane having a number-average molecular weight of 100 to 50,000 or a modified polysilazane thereof is subjected to a heat treatment, then exposed to an atmosphere containing water vapor or immersed in distilled water containing a catalyst, or both, or is brought into contact with Pd.sup.2+ ions and water, the polysilazane having a skeleton comprising the unit represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, a group other than the above and having a carbon atom directly attached to the silicon atom, an alkylsilyl group, an alkylamino group and an alkoxy group; with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: An LCD panel test apparatus automatically detects defects of the LCD panel under test.

Abstract: An image quality inspection system determines view angle dependent defects by capturing an LCD image viewed obliquely over the entire LCD panel while in focus. The system obtains the positions of each of the LCD pixels from the distorted screen as a CCD pixel address and captures the CCD image precisely. In a first embodiment, a second CCD camera has a built-in CCD area sensor and measures the contrast of the LCD obliquely. The second CCD camera has a built-in tilt lens system or a built-in shift lens systems which allows it to focus on the entire LCD panel plane.

Abstract: An image quality inspection system to test a display panel with high resolution and low cost by forming a synthesized contrast image of the display panel is disclosed.