Abstract: A novel board and ink used for forming conductive pattern are disclosed. They comprise colloidal particles which comprise a metal or a composite metal having a specific resistance of 20 &mgr;&OHgr;·cm or below at 20° C., and have an average particle size of 1 to 100 nm. A novel method for forming conductive pattern is also disclosed. The method comprises a step of irradiating said colloidal particles, thereby generating heat and fusing at least a part of the colloidal particles with the heat. The method can be applied to a production of printed circuit boards.

Abstract: A method for evaluating the proliferation ability of an entire cell population by observing each anchorage-dependent cell without invading and destroying the cell. The evaluation method includes monolayer-culturing anchorage-dependent cells in a culturing chamber, imaging each cell, calculating an index related to the proliferation ability of each cell using the image of each cell, and evaluating the proliferation ability of the cell population using the index. The index includes an expansion speed (rs) indicative of a change in a projected area of each cell (Sa) during a cell adhesion phase, the number of cells contacting each cell in a cell proliferation phase, and a projected area (Sa′) of each cell in the cell-proliferation phase.

Abstract: A process for producing a tetrafluoroethylene polymer, which comprises polymerizing tetrafluoroethylene in an aqueous medium in the presence of a water-soluble initiator, wherein the water used for the polymerization is regulated to have a TOC of 100 ppb or lower and/or an electrical conductivity of 1.0 &mgr;S/cm or lower. When this process for producing a tetrafluoroethylene polymer is employed, a decrease or fluctuation in the polymerization rate during the polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene will be minimal, and a deterioration in the physical properties of the obtained tetrafluoroethylene polymer will be minimal.

Abstract: A color-converting film comprising a light-transmittable substrate and a color-converting layer containing an ortho-metallation complex is excellent in fluorescence conversion efficiency. A light-emitting apparatus comprising the color-converting film and an organic light-emitting device provided on the film can be driven by a low applying voltage.

Abstract: A tetrafluoroethylene polymer is produced by polymerizing tetrafluoroethylene in the presence of an aqueous medium and a polymerization initiator, wherein the content of impurities (e.g. a saturated compound such as CH2F2 or CHF3 and an unsaturated compound such as CF2═CFH, CF2═CH2, CF2═CFCl or CF2═CHCl) in the tetrafluoroethylene is not more than 100 ppm. By this method, PTFE which is uniform and stretchable at a high stretch ratio and which is excellent in the fibrillation property and has a high break strength, can be obtained.

Abstract: A tetrafluoroethylene polymer having high stretchability, a fibrillatable character and a non-melt fabricable quality, which has a standard specific gravity of at most 2.160, and a tensile break strength of from 32.0N (3.26 kgf) to 49.0N (5.0 kgf) or an endothermic ratio of at most 0.15 as calculated from the measurement by differential thermal analysis. The tetrafluoroethylene polymer is suitable for stretching operation after paste extrusion.

Abstract: A fabricating method of a wiring board provided with passive elements is disclosed. The fabricating method includes coating one or both of resistive paste and dielectric paste on at least any one of first surfaces of a first metal foil and a second metal foil each of which has a first surface and a second surface; arranging an insulating board having thermo-plasticity and thermo-setting properties so as to face the first surface of the first metal foil, and arranging the first surface side of the second metal foil so as to face a surface different from a surface to which the first metal foil faces of the insulating board; forming a double-sided wiring board by stacking, pressurizing and heating the arranged first metal foil, insulating board, and second metal foil, and thereby integrating these; and patterning the first metal foil and/or the second metal foil.

Abstract: A process for producing a tetrafluoroethylene polymer, which comprises polymerizing tetrafluoroethylene in an aqueous medium in the presence of a dispersant, a stabilizer and a polymerization initiator, wherein the polymerization initiator is a redox polymerization initiator comprising a halogen acid salt YXO3/a sulfite Z2SO3 wherein X is a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, Y is a hydrogen atom, ammonium, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and Z is ammonium, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. By this process, it is possible to obtain a tetrafluoroethylene polymer which is suitable for a stretching operation after paste extrusion.

Abstract: A tetrafluoroethylene polymer having high stretchability, a fibrillatable character and a non-melt fabricable quality, which has a standard specific gravity of at most 2.160, and a tensile break strength of from 32.0 N (3.26 kgf) to 49.0 N (5.0 kgf) or an endothermic ratio of at most 0.15 as calculated from the measurement by differential thermal analysis. The tetrafluoroethylene polymer is suitable for stretching operation after paste extrusion.

Abstract: A rewritable or write-once medium with increased recording density and sensitivity is disclosed, the medium having at least a first dielectric layer, a recording layer and a second dielectric layer in this order on a substrate, wherein at least one of the first and second dielectric layers is formed by applying a colloidal dispersion which comprises inorganic dielectric nanoparticles having an average particle size of 1 to 50 nm and having the surface thereof modified with an adsorptive compound, and the recording layer is formed by applying a colloidal dispersion which comprises metal chalcogenide nanoparticles having an average particle size of 1 to 20 nm and having the surface thereof modified with an adsorptive compound. The dielectric layer and the recording layer are formed by spin coating or web coating.

Abstract: A method of producing a paraffin wax for aqueous dispersion polymerization of TFE which allows high speed aqueous dispersion polymerization of TFE with excellent polymerization behavior such as excellent dispersion stability and consistent production of PTFE having excellent physical properties, and a method of producing PTFE using the paraffin wax. Aqueous dispersion polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene (hereinafter referred to as TFE) is conducted in the presence of a paraffin wax, a polymerization initiator and an emulsifier at least once and then the paraffin wax is recovered. The recovered paraffin wax is used for aqueous dispersion polymerization of TFE in the presence of a polymerization initiator and an emulsifier.

Abstract: In order to obtain a semiconductor device of which bonding reliability between a semiconductor element 7 and a printed wiring board 1 is improved and a manufacturing method thereof, in a semiconductor device mounted a semiconductor element 7 on a printed wiring board 1, while a circumference of a metal bump 3 formed on a conductor pad electrode disposed on the printed wiring board in wiring pattern and an electrode 6 disposed along an external periphery of a semiconductor element 7 facing the metal bump 3 is provided with, along a placement position of the metal bump 3 or the electrode 6, frame- or wall-shaped anisotropic conductive film 4, a gap between the semiconductor element 7 and the printed wiring board 1, the insides of the anisotropic conductive film 4 formed in frame or wall shape, is filled by sealing material such as epoxy resin or the like.

Abstract: There is disclosed an image-forming method, which comprises: subjecting a color light-sensitive material to exposure, by using, at least, a first, second, and third light-emitting element whose peak wavelength of the light-emission spectrum is in a first wavelength region of 380 to 500 nm, a second wavelength region of 500 to 600 nm, and a third wavelength region of 600 to 740 nm, respectively, and subjecting the exposed color light-sensitive material to development processing, wherein the color light-sensitive material has, at least, spectral sensitivities in the from first to third wavelength regions. There is also disclosed organic light-emitting elements for use as light sources for exposure in the method. According to the method, digital color images exhibiting good color reproduction can be obtained by exposing a light-sensitive material according to image information and carrying out development processing.

Abstract: A color-converting film comprising a light-transmittable substrate and a color-converting layer containing an ortho-metallation complex is excellent in fluorescence conversion efficiency. A light-emitting apparatus comprising the color-converting film and an organic light-emitting device provided on the film can be driven by a low applying voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for forming a color image comprising exposing a color photographic material, wherein the color photographic material comprises a support having provided thereon at least (1) a photosensitive layer capable of forming a yellow image by imagewise exposure and processing, (2) a photosensitive layer capable of forming a magenta image by imagewise exposure and processing, and (3) a photosensitive layer capable of forming a cyan image by imagewise exposure and processing, each of said photosensitive layers is sensitive to the radiant rays in the range of from 380 to 900 nm, each photosensitive layer has different wavelength corresponding to the maximum spectral sensitivity, the maximum spectral sensitivities of photosensitive layers (1) to (3) gradually diminish from the photosensitive layer having the maximum spectral sensitivity at the shortest wavelength to the photosensitive layer having the maximum spectral sensitivity at the longest wavelength, and exposure is performed by using at least

Abstract: A silver halide color photosensitive material comprising at least one polymer coupler, the polymer coupler being a copolymer prepared from at least one yellow coupler monomer and at least one magenta coupler monomer, and additionally, if desired, at least one non-color-forming monomer having at least one ethylene group, which has no capability to couple with an oxidized product of an aromatic primary amine developing agent. Further, a color filter produced from the above described color photosensitive material and a production method thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: A silver halide color photosensitive material suitable for production of a color filter which comprises a polymer coupler comprising at least a yellow coupler monomer and a cyan coupler monomer. The photosensitive material provides a green image having excellent spectral transmission characteristics and fastness to heat and light.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for manufacturing vegetable lysolecithins which comprises allowing a hydrolysis enzyme consisting of phospholipase A.sub.1 or A.sub.2 to act on a hydrated lecithin used as a starting material, then adding for stirring to the resultant lysolecithin solution acetone in a proportion on a volume basis of either 1 to 4, or 5 or more, against the water contained in said resultant lysolecithin solution to thereby either float or precipitate the lysolecithin phase, then separating out said lysolecithin phase, followed by repetition of the acetone extraction procedure to separate for removal free fatty acids by-produced in the said lysolecithin production reaction as well as oil-soluble impurities originated from the starting material.The process of the present invention can produce high-quality vegetable lysolecithins with reduced discoloration and improved flavor in increased yields.

Abstract: A silver halide light-sensitive material for color filter is disclosed, comprising a support having provided thereon at least three silver halide emulsion layers containing couplers and having color sensitivities different from each other and at least light-insensitive interlayer, wherein the total amount of the binder in the silver halide light-sensitive material is from 3 to 10 g/m.sup.2, the equivalent ratio of silver halide to couplers in each silver halide emulsion layer is from 1 to 2, and the average grain size (in the case of tabular grains, determined by the thickness) in each silver halide emulsion is from 0.05 to 0.9 .mu.m, or wherein the proportion of organic compounds other than polymers to all organic compounds in each silver halide emulsion layer is 55 % by weight or less. Also disclosed are a preparation method of a color filter using the silver halide light-sensitive material and a color filter prepared according to the method.

Abstract: An image forming method comprising the steps of: (i) imagewise exposing a silver halide light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion, a hydrophilic binder and a slightly water-soluble basic metal compound; (ii) laminating the silver halide material with a processing sheet comprising a compound which forms a complex with a metal ion constituting the basic metal compound, a physical development nucleus, a solvent for a silver halide and a matting agent, after or concurrently with the imagewise exposure; and (iii) conducting heat development in the presence of a reducing agent and water to form a silver image on at least one of the light-sensitive material and the processing sheet, wherein the processing sheet comprises an uppermost layer containing the physical development nucleus; the product of the weight ratio in the uppermost layer of the amount of the physical development nucleus to that of the binder and the reciprocal of the mean size (.