Abstract: Based on a difference between target and actual values of a friction member force pressing a brake disc, feedback control over the pressing force is executed. As the actual value, a “limit pressing force (Fbs) obtained by placing a limitation on a temporal change amount of the Fba based on a limit value (Lmt)” is used. The limit value (Lmt) is set based on an electric motor speed (dMkt, dMka), a wheel speed (Vwa), and a temporal change amount (?Tmp) of the friction member temperature. The Lmt is set to increase as the dMkt (dMka) increases and the temporal change amount (?Tmp) of the temperature increases, and to also increase as the wheel speed (Vwa) decreases. Thus, even when a rotating member (brake disc) is deformed, braking torque control can be appropriately executed without accelerating a fluctuation of a braking torque on the wheel.

Abstract: A brake device includes an electric brake mechanism that applies electric braking force, a hydraulic brake mechanism that applies hydraulic braking force, an electric brake ECU that directs the electric brake mechanism to generate the electric braking force according to an operation amount of a brake pedal operated by a driver, a master cylinder in which a volume thereof changes according to the operation amount of the brake pedal, and that is able to deliver operating fluid to the hydraulic brake mechanism by a reduction in the volume, and a reservoir that stores the operating fluid. The master cylinder has a discharge port that discharges the operating fluid that is inside of the master cylinder to the reservoir.

Abstract: An electric motor is controlled based on a target energization amount calculated based on an operation amount of a braking operation member. Based on the operation amount, it is determined whether or not an inertia compensation control for compensating for the influence of the inertia of a brake actuator is necessary. When the inertia compensation control is determined to be necessary, an inertia compensation energization amount compensating for the influence of the inertia of the brake actuator is calculated using a time-series pattern set in advance based on the maximum response of the brake actuator. Using the inertia compensation energization amount, the target energization amount is calculated. The vehicle brake control device causes an electric motor to generate a braking torque and appropriately compensates for the influence of the inertia of the entire device including the inertia of the electric motor.

Abstract: Electric motor control is based on a target energization amount calculated using a braking operation member operation amount. A state quantity is acquired as an actual value, indicating an actual actuation state of a movable member located in a power transmission path from the electric motor to a friction member. Using the operation amount, it is determined whether or not inertia compensation control is necessary, which compensates for the inertia influence of a brake actuator during electric motor deceleration. “A target value corresponding to the actual value” is determined as a reference value, which is calculated based on the operation amount at a time when inertia compensation control is necessary. Based on the actual and reference values, “an inertia compensation energization amount for decreasing the target energization amount to compensate for the influence of inertia” is calculated, and the target energization amount is adjusted using the inertia compensation energization amount.

Abstract: Based on a difference (?Fb) between a target value (Fbt) and an actual value (Fba) of a friction member force for pressing a brake disc, a feedback energization amount (Ipt) is calculated using a proportional gain smaller than an ultimate sensitivity gain. If ?Fb falls within a fluctuation range of torque ripple, a first compensation energization amount (Ibt) is calculated using a proportional gain larger than the ultimate sensitivity gain, and if ?Fb falls outside the fluctuation range, the first compensation energization amount (Ibt) is calculated to be constant. A second compensation energization amount (Ift) is calculated based on a calculation characteristic that is preset based on a torque fluctuation over a predetermined range of an electric motor position and based on an actual position of the electric motor. An indication energization amount calculated according to Fbt is adjusted by Ipt, Ibt, and Ift to calculate a target energization amount.

Abstract: A control apparatus controls acceleration of a vehicle provided with a motive power generation apparatus and brake apparatuses. For the control, the control apparatus comprises calculation and actuating blocks. The calculation block calculates torque to be requested, based on a difference between an actual value of the acceleration and a target value thereof and a gain for feedback controlling the actual value of the acceleration to the target value thereof. The gain is differentiated in value between in a first case in which the brake apparatuses are used for the feedback control and a second case in which the brake apparatuses are not used for the feedback control. The actuating block actuates the motive power generation apparatus and the brake apparatuses based on the calculated torque. The value of the gain in the first case is made larger than the value of the gain in the second case.

Abstract: A control apparatus is provided to control the stopping of a vehicle. The control apparatus comprises a speed detector that detects a speed of a vehicle, speed acquiring means, target setting means, and control means. The speed acquiring means acquires an actual speed of the vehicle from detected results of the speed detector. The target setting means sets a target acceleration of the vehicle depending on the actual speed when the vehicle is stopped automatically. The control means controls an actual acceleration of the vehicle at the target acceleration.

Abstract: An optical system is configured to introduce light modulated by a reflective light modulator to a projection lens configured to project the light onto a target plane. The optical system includes a polarization beam splitter configured to introduce each of first colored light as p-polarized light and second colored light as s-polarized light to a corresponding one of reflective optical modulators that are different from each other, and to synthesize light fluxes modulated by the reflective optical modulators with each other, a beam splitter arranged between the polarization beam splitter and the projection lens and configured to split the first colored light in accordance with a polarization direction of the first colored light and to transmit or reflect the second colored light irrespective of a polarization direction of the second colored light, and a half-wave plate arranged between the polarization beam splitter and the beam splitter.

Abstract: An illumination optical system includes first and second lamp units, a light combining portion that combines a light beam from the first lamp unit and a light beam from the second lamp unit, at least one light returning portion disposed between the first lamp unit and the light combining portion, or between the second lamp unit and the light combining portion, or both, the or each of the at least one light returning portion dividing a part of light emitted from the corresponding lamp unit into a light beam to be returned to the lamp and a light beam to be led to the light combining portion, and a condenser lens that condenses light from the light combining portion.

Abstract: An illumination optical system and a projection display apparatus include a beam combining portion and a condensing lens condensing a beam from the beam combining portion. The beam combining portion combines beams from first and second lamp units each including a lamp and a concave mirror, the lamp having a cathode and an anode arranged along an optical axis of the concave mirror. The beam combining portion includes a first reflective section disposed on an optical axis of the first lamp unit and off the optical axis of the second lamp unit and a second reflective section disposed off the optical axis of the first lamp unit. The first and second reflective sections reflect a beam that is emitted from the second lamp unit and that is off an optical axis thereof to combine the beams from the first and second lamp units.

Abstract: A speed control device for a vehicle includes a vehicle speed obtaining means obtaining a vehicle speed, a shape obtaining means obtaining a curve shape, a position obtaining means obtaining a positional relationship between a curve and the vehicle, a target vehicle speed determining means determining a target vehicle speed based on the curve shape and the positional relationship, a vehicle speed controlling means controlling the vehicle speed based on the target vehicle speed and the vehicle speed, and an acceleration operation quantity obtaining means obtaining an operation quantity of an acceleration operating member operated by a driver, wherein the target vehicle speed determining means includes a modification means modifying the target vehicle speed based on the operation quantity so that the target vehicle speed obtained when the operation variable is greater than zero becomes a greater value than the target vehicle speed obtained when the operation quantity is zero.

Abstract: An anti-collision control is provided under circumstances where it is determined that there is a risk of collision between a host vehicle and a preceding vehicle. The anti-collision control utilizes host vehicle information, preceding vehicle information, and surrounding road conditions to determine whether or not a collision with the preceding vehicle can be avoided through a steering operation. If avoidance is determined to be possible, then a shift-hold control is applied to the AT, whereas if avoidance is determined to be impossible, then a down-shift control is applied to the AT.

Abstract: When a vehicle is started on an uphill road, slip may easily occur between vehicle wheels and a sloping road surface. When vehicle condition is changed from its stopping condition to its traveling condition on the uphill road, vehicle acceleration is controlled in a feed-back operation in such a manner that a target acceleration is made smaller as road gradient becomes larger or coefficient of friction becomes smaller.

Abstract: A vehicle speed control device calculates a desired axle torque for maintaining a speed of a vehicle to a set speed, and conducts cruise control. Specifically, the vehicle speed control device calculates a drive force including a feedforward component corresponding to the set speed and a travel resistance against the travel of the vehicle, and a feedback component corresponding to a deviation of the set speed from the actual speed of the vehicle as a desired axle torque. The vehicle speed control device interrupts the cruise control when a requested drive axle torque requested by an accelerator operation during the cruise control exceeds the desired axle torque, and restarts the cruise control when the requested drive axle torque becomes lower than the desired axle torque.

Abstract: A reliability for a power-train feed-forward torque may be decreased when a degree of reliability for an estimated braking torque is decreased due to disturbance factors. A power-train feedback torque is corrected based on a degree of reliability for a power-train torque, for which a reliability for a braking condition is taken into account. In a similar manner, a brake feedback torque is corrected based on a degree of reliability for a braking torque, for which a reliability for a power-train condition is taken into account. Accordingly, it is possible to compensate the decrease of reliability for the power-train feed-forward torque or brake feed-forward torque by the correction for the power-train feedback torque or the brake feedback torque.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide an acceleration control apparatus, according to which accuracy for feed-forward torque may not be decreased even when a calculating accuracy for an estimated-slope torque would be decreased. Reliability of estimated slope is calculated and feedback torque is corrected, in such a manner that a gain for a feedback control portion is increased when the reliability of the estimated slope becomes lower. It is, therefore, possible to compensate a possible decrease of the accuracy of the feed-forward torque by correcting the feedback torque in accordance with the reliability of the estimated slope.

Abstract: A color separation optical system is disclosed which is effective in improving black color and black unevenness. Linearly polarized light impinging on a dichroic surface at an incident angle smaller than 45 degrees and then impinging on a polarization beam splitting surface at an incident angle larger than 45 degrees is referred to as first incident-angle light. A wavelength which is longer than a wavelength at the maximum transmittance of the dichroic surface for the first incident-angle light and at which the transmittance of the dichroic surface for the first incident-angle light is 10% is referred to as Wa, and a wavelength range shorter than Wa is referred to as W. The polarization beam splitting surface has a characteristic in which its transmittance for the first incident-angle light in the wavelength range W is 5% or lower.

Abstract: A speed control device includes: a reference point setting unit that sets, based on shape and position of a curve in advance of a vehicle, first and second reference points within the curve, the second reference point being nearer the curve exit than the first reference point; a distance calculating unit that calculates, based on the vehicle location and the reference points, first and second distances, between the vehicle and the first and second reference points, respectively; a target speed determination unit that determines, based on the curve shape and the first and second distances, the first and second target vehicle speeds to be maintained, respectively, before and after passing the first reference point; and a speed control unit that controls the speed of the vehicle based on the target speeds and the detected speed of the vehicle.

Abstract: A steering control apparatus for a vehicle having a power source for generating power, and drive shafts for transferring the power to driving wheels of the vehicle, and a traction control device for controlling braking torque applied to the wheels. The apparatus comprises a detection device for detecting the braking torque applied to the wheels, a calculation device for calculating a driving force difference between the wheels, on the basis of the detected braking torque, a power source state detection device for detecting an actuating state of the power source, and a control device for controlling steering torque created by the steering wheel, and applying torque steer reducing torque to the steering wheel. A desired value of the torque steer reducing torque is determined, based on the driving force difference and the actuating state of the power source.

Abstract: In a cruise control system for a vehicle, a cruise ECU calculates a cornering resistance applied to the vehicle based upon a steering angle, when a vehicle turns. The cruise ECU calculates a speed reduction amount as a correction vehicle speed based upon the cornering resistance. The cruise ECU subtracts the correction vehicle speed from a set vehicle speed to set a target vehicle speed so that the vehicle speed becomes lower as the cornering resistance is larger. The cruise ECU controls the vehicle speed to be within a permissible speed range of the target vehicle speed.