Abstract: A retractor has a rigid piercing tube and an expansion body. The expansion body has an introduction tube which is received within the piercing tube, a movable wire which is received within the introduction tube, and stationary wires which are arranged around the movable wire. The proximal end of each of the stationary wires is affixed to the distal end of the introduction tube. The distal end of each of the stationary wires is joined to the distal end of the movable wire. The respective proximal ends of the piercing tube, the introduction tube, and the movable wire are respectively joined to first, second, and third grip sections.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing dried combustible material includes: a mixing step of mixing a number of particles made of combustible material containing moisture and a dehydrating liquid made of an emulsion containing synthetic resin to form a mixture in which surfaces of the particles are made contact with the dehydrating liquid; and a drying step of forming a synthetic resin coating made of the dehydrating liquid dried on the surfaces of the particles and evaporating the moisture of the particles, to form coated particles including the particles having a reduced moisture content percentage and the synthetic resin coating that covers the surfaces of the particles, and produce dried combustible material made up of the coated particles.

Abstract: There is provided a thermal transfer sheet having satisfactory transferability when a transfer layer is transferred on a transfer receiving article over a wide energy range. A thermal transfer sheet 100 for obtaining a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet includes a substrate 1 and a transfer layer 10 provided on the substrate, wherein the transfer layer 10 has a layered structure in which two or more layers are layered, the transfer layer 10 includes at least a receiving layer 2, the layer located nearest to the substrate 1 of the layers constituting the transfer layer 10 is the receiving layer 2, and the receiving layer 2 contains a cellulosic resin.

Abstract: The present invention is a retractor for displacing an organ within the body cavity or the inner wall of a hollow organ, the retractor being provided with: a housing tube; an expansion body which can be housed into and extend from the housing tube; and a grip connected to the proximal ends of the housing tube and the expansion body. The expansion body is provided with: a displacing part configured from a movable wire and multiple fixed wires disposed in the periphery of the moveable wire; and an introduction tube which is disposed along the displacing part and through which the movable wire penetrates. Moreover, when the expansion body is expanded, the displacement part is designed so that, from among the expansion angles formed by two adjacent fixed wires, one expansion angle (?2) becomes larger than the other expansion angle (?1).

Abstract: A control apparatus of an engine including a cylinder into which a piston is reciprocatably fitted is provided. The apparatus includes a fuel injector, a water injector, and a controller. The controller includes an engine load determining module for receiving a parameter and determining whether an engine operating range is within a low high load range or a high load range. Within the low load range, the controller controls the fuel injector to inject fuel into a center region of a combustion chamber. Within the high load range, the controller controls the fuel injector to inject the fuel in a period between a latter half of compression stroke and an early half of expansion stroke, and the water injector to inject supercritical water or subcritical water toward a crown surface of the piston in a period that is after the injection and before a mixture gas ignition.

Abstract: In a thermal transfer sheet in which a transfer layer is provided on a substrate, the transfer layer has a layered structure in which a receiving layer, an intermediate layer, and a masking layer are layered in this order from the side of the substrate, the receiving layer is a solvent-based receiving layer containing a solvent-based resin and a silicone oil, the intermediate layer is a water-based intermediate layer containing a water-based resin, and the masking layer is a solvent-based masking layer containing a solvent-based resin and a colorant.

Abstract: An image forming method including preparing a thermal transfer sheet having a dye layer on a substrate, the dye layer containing a sublimable dye, preparing a decorative seal having a seal base material on a release sheet, the seal base material having a layered structure of an adhesive layer and a film layered in this order from the release sheet side, the film containing a resin having a dyeing affinity to the sublimable dye contained in the dye layer, and the film having an elongation percentage of not less than 150% and not more than 400% when determined by a test method in conformity with JIS-K-7127:1999, and thermally transferring the sublimable dye in the dye layer onto the seal base material by sublimation thermal transfer process, thereby forming a thermal transfer image on the seal base material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thermal transfer sheet which can provide a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet capable of forming a printed product of high designability, provides a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet capable of forming a printed product of high designability and a method for forming a printed product, and provides a printed product of high designability. In a thermal transfer sheet 100 in which a transfer layer 10 is provided on a substrate 1, the transfer layer 10 has a layered structure in which a receiving layer 2, an intermediate layer 3, and a masking layer 4 are layered in this order from the side of the substrate 1, and the intermediate layer 3 contains inorganic particles.

Abstract: An engine system is provided that includes a cylinder, an exhaust flow part, a purifying system, a water injector for injecting supercritical/subcritical water into the cylinder, a water supply passage connected with the water injector and for supplying the water, a first temperature increasing device disposed at a position of the exhaust flow part and for increasing a water temperature, and a second temperature increasing device including a part of the exhaust flow part and a part of the water supply passage, and for increasing a water temperature. The first device increases the water temperature when an exhaust gas temperature passing through the position of the exhaust flow part exceeds a reference temperature. The second device increases the water temperature when an exhaust gas temperature passing through the part of the exhaust flow part is above a water temperature passing the part of the water supply passage.

Abstract: A fuel injection control unit (engine controller 100) performs a main injection (72) over a period ranging from a last stage of a compression stroke to an initial stage of an expansion stroke, and also performs a preceding injection (71), injecting a smaller amount of a fuel than the main injection, over a period ranging from an intake stroke to a first half of the compression stroke, and also determines whether or not the fuel injected by the preceding injection causes a partial oxidation reaction during a second half of the compression stroke, and on determining that the fuel causes the partial oxidation reaction, performs a middle-stage injection (73). The middle-stage injection is performed at such a timing that allows the fuel injected by the middle-stage injection to ignite spontaneously on or after the fuel injected by the main injection has spontaneously ignited and before the partial oxidation reaction occurs.

Abstract: An engine has an engine body, an injector, and a control section which controls a fuel injection amount and an injection state of the injector. The control section predicts a state of temperature in the combustion chamber, and controls the injector such that a volume of an air-fuel mixture layer formed in the combustion chamber is larger when the predicted temperature is high, than when the predicted temperature is low, even when same fuel amounts are injected.

Abstract: A control apparatus of a premixed charge compression ignition engine that includes an engine body having a cylinder and intake and exhaust passages, and causes a mixture gas to self-ignite inside the cylinder is provided. The apparatus includes a fuel injector for injecting fuel into the cylinder, a water injector for injecting supercritical water or subcritical water into the cylinder, an EGR passage for communicating the exhaust and intake passages and recirculating, as EGR gas, a portion of an exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder to the intake passage, an EGR valve for adjusting an EGR gas recirculation amount, and a controller. The controller includes an engine load determining module for receiving a parameter and determining whether an engine operating state is a first state where the engine load is below a switch load or a second state where the engine load is the switch load or above.

Abstract: An engine (1) includes an engine body, an injector (33), and an engine controller (100). The engine body includes a piston (15) inside a cylinder (11), and a combustion chamber (17) defined by the cylinder (11) and the piston (15). The injector (33) injects fuel containing at least gasoline into the combustion chamber (17) via a nozzle port (41). The engine controller (100) allows the injector (33) to inject the fuel in at least a second half of a compression stroke, and controls an injection condition of the injector (33). The injector (33) has a parameter for adjusting spread of fuel spray. The engine controller (100) adjusts the parameter to increase the spread of fuel spray with an increase in pressure in the combustion chamber (17).

Abstract: A binding device (10) is provided which can be performed opening/closing of binding rings smoothly; comprising a plurality of openable/closable binding rings (12, 14), a holding member (16), an operating member (18), and an opening/closing member (40); the operating member comprises a pair of operating pieces (30, 32); base portions of one and the other of the binding rings are secured to the operating pieces respectively; the binding device has a button member (80) in the vicinity of one and/or the other end portion of the operating member; the button member has a first and a second arm portion (800, 820) for moving the one of the operating pieces; and the first and second arm portions are respectively configured to move the operating piece (30) to the first arm portion and to move the operating piece (32) to the opposite side to the second arm portion.

Abstract: Provided is a binder in which a binder is provided with a binding member having a pressing portion pressing a material to be bound, an operation member operated so as to pivotally rotate to an open state and a hold state, and a base member the binder is further provided with an engagement body, a projection portion caused to engage with the engagement body, and a supporting portion provided with the engagement body, the supporting portion is configured so as to bend toward the projection portion side and bend in a direction of separating from the projection portion and the locked state is formed by engagement between the engagement body and the projection portion.

Abstract: An image forming method including preparing a thermal transfer sheet having a dye layer on a substrate, the dye layer containing a sublimable dye, preparing a decorative seal having a seal base material on a release sheet, the seal base material having a layered structure of an adhesive layer and a film layered in this order from the release sheet side, the film containing a resin having a dyeing affinity to the sublimable dye contained in the dye layer, and the film having an elongation percentage of not less than 150% and not more than 400% when determined by a test method in conformity with JIS-K-7127:1999, and thermally transferring the sublimable dye in the dye layer onto the seal base material by sublimation thermal transfer process, thereby forming a thermal transfer image on the seal base material.

Abstract: An information processing device includes a communication unit that makes communication with a plurality of service providing devices; a receiving unit that receives information relating to use of a function, which is provided by the information processing device, from one service providing device among the plurality of service providing devices; and a notification unit that notifies the other service providing device about a state of the information processing device through the communication unit in response to the reception of the information by the receiving unit.

Abstract: A control system of an engine including a cylinder and a fuel injector, the fuel mixing with air to form a mixture gas and combusting inside the cylinder is provided, which includes a water injector for injecting supercritical water or subcritical water into the cylinder, and a controller. Within a high engine speed operating range, the controller controls the water injector to inject the one of supercritical water and subcritical water into the cylinder for a given period including a top dead center of the cylinder on compression stroke, such that when an injection amount of the one of supercritical water and subcritical water reaches half of a given injection amount, a crank angle of the engine corresponds to a retarding side of the top dead center, the given injection amount being a total amount of the supercritical water or subcritical water injected for the given period.

Abstract: A control system of an engine including a cylinder, an intake passage, and an exhaust passage is provided, that includes a fuel injector for injecting fuel into the cylinder, an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) passage communicating the intake passage with the exhaust passage and for recirculating, as EGR gas, a portion of exhaust gas in the exhaust passage back to the cylinder, an EGR valve capable of controlling an EGR ratio by changing an EGR gas amount recirculated to the cylinder, a water injector for injecting water into the cylinder, and a controller. The controller controls the EGR valve to set a target EGR ratio according to an engine operating state so as to bring an actual EGR ratio to the target EGR ratio, and when the target EGR ratio is increased, the controller controls the water injector to increase an amount of the water injected into the cylinder.

Abstract: An engine system is provided that includes a cylinder, an exhaust flow part, a purifying system, a water injector for injecting supercritical/subcritical water into the cylinder, a water supply passage connected with the water injector and for supplying the water, a first temperature increasing device disposed at a position of the exhaust flow part and for increasing a water temperature, and a second temperature increasing device including a part of the exhaust flow part and a part of the water supply passage, and for increasing a water temperature. The first device increases the water temperature when an exhaust gas temperature passing through the position of the exhaust flow part exceeds a reference temperature. The second device increases the water temperature when an exhaust gas temperature passing through the part of the exhaust flow part is above a water temperature passing the part of the water supply passage.