Abstract: In order to stabilize an operation for changing a speed change ratio, and to improve transmitting efficiency and endurance of structural parts of a toroidal continuously variable transmission, a relationship between the switching of a control valve and displacements of trunnions is such that initiation of the displacement of a trunnion having a feedback mechanism including a precess cam and a link arm is effected prior to initiation of the displacement of a trunnion not having a feedback mechanism.

Abstract: There is disclosed a lubricating oil composition for cellulose base wet friction material which comprises a base oil blended with (A) a boron-containing imide base dispersant (e.g. boron treated polyalkenyl succinimide) having a weight-average molecular weight in the range of 500 to 3000 and having a ratio by weight of boron to nitrogen (B/N) in the range of 0.1 to 1.5 in such a blending amount that the boron content and the nitrogen content each derived from the component (A) are made to be at least 60 ppm by weight and at least 100 ppm by weight, respectively based on the base oil. The above lubricating oil composition enhances peeling resistant durability for a friction material, especially a cellulose base friction material without impairing the wear resistance or scoring resistance of a steel material element, and is well suited for use in a cellulose base friction material for a starting and running device and a transmission clutch that are used in an automatic transmission of an automobile.

Abstract: In order to facilitate an assembling operation of a structure which is correctly operated with a proper positional relation, in a power roller unit for a toroidal type continuously variable transmission according to the present invention, a displacement shaft, a power roller, a radial needle bearing, a thrust ball bearing and a thrust needle bearing are pre-assembled to a trunnion. After dimensional relations and operation conditions of the constructural parts of the assembly or unit are ascertained, the assembly is assembled within a housing together with other unit, thereby completing the toroidal type continuously variable transmission.

Abstract: A lubricant additive obtained by heating an acidic phosphate ester and/or a phosphite ester (A) represented by the general formula (I): 1

Abstract: A plural cavity toroidal transmission is designed to permit transmission of great torque between output side disks and a sleeve while maintaining a thickness of the sleeve. To this end, convex portions are formed on outer surfaces of the output side disks and concave portions are formed on edge portions of both axial ends of the sleeve. By fitting the convex portions into the concave portions, synchronous rotations of the pair of output side disks and transmission of rotation from the output side disks to an output gear can be achieved.

Abstract: In a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, there is provided a thrust rolling bearing interposed between a power roller and a trunnion for supporting a thrust-direction load applied to the power roller. The thrust rolling bearing includes a plurality of rolling elements and a retainer rollably holding the plurality of rolling elements. The retainer defines a circular-ring-shaped main body and a plurality of pockets respectively formed in the main body for rollably holding the plurality of rolling elements. A clearance between the pocket and the rolling element is set in the range of 0.6 to 6.0% of the ball diameter of the rolling element.

Abstract: A lubricant additive obtained by heating an acidic phosphate ester and/or a phosphite ester (A) represented by the general formula (I): (wherein A represents H or OH, m is 0 or 1, when m is 0, A is OH, and when m is 1, A is H or OH, R1 and R2 each independently represent H, or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms that may contain at least one O and S, both R1 and R2 are not simultaneously hydrogen atoms) and an imide-based dispersant containing boron (B) at a temperature of 120 to 150° C. for 5 hours or more, which can concurrently enhance excellent wear resistance, excellent scoring resistance and prolong surface fatigue life while keeping the balance of these properties at an optimum level.

Abstract: A half toroidal CVT disk having an inner surface portion, an outer surface portion and a toroidal surface having a given machining allowance is centered with said inner surface portion worked prior to the heat treatment of said half toroidal CVT disk as the standard thereof, and then is chucked by a chuck mechanism. The toroidal surface of the chucked half toroidal CVT disk is ground by a grinding mechanism with the grinding wheel for grinding the half toroidal CVT disk in a state that one of said half toroidal CVT disk and said tool is inclined at a given angle with respect to the other.

Abstract: In order to facilitate an assembling operation of a structure which is correctly operated with a proper positional relation, in a power roller unit for a toroidal type continuously variable transmission according to the present invention, a displacement shaft, a power roller, a radial needle bearing, a thrust ball bearing and a thrust needle bearing are pre-assembled to a trunnion. After dimensional relations and operation conditions of the constructural parts of the assembly or unit are ascertained, the assembly is assembled within a housing together with other unit, thereby completing the toroidal type continuously variable transmission.

Abstract: A frictional transmission comprises first and second rotary shafts arranged in directions in which the central axes thereof crossed each other, a roller supported coaxially with the first rotary shaft for rotating with the first rotary shaft, a first frictional surface provided on the roller coaxially with the first rotary shaft, a disc supported coaxially with the second rotary shaft for rotating with the second rotary shaft, and a second frictional surface provided on this disc coaxially with the second rotary shaft. The second frictional surface and the first frictional surface are brought into frictional engagement with each other. A loading cam device is arranged so as to press the second frictional surface toward the first frictional surface at the time of driving. A further disc coaxial with the aforementioned disc is disposed in the environs of the second rotary shaft, and the roller is sandwiched by and between the two discs.

Abstract: An output rotational driving power of the engine is split into a first split power and a second split power. The first split power is transmitted to a continuously variable speed transmission that transmits the first split power by a shearing resistance of a fluid. The second split power is transmitted to a differential planetary gear system. An output power of the continuously variable speed transmission is transmitted to the differential planetary gear system to combine the first split power and the second split power in the differential planetary gear system. A variation of a rotating speed of the output rotational driving power is absorbed by the continuously variable speed transmission to adjust an output rotating speed of the differential planetary gear system to a constant speed.

Abstract: In order to facilitate an assembling operation of a structure which is correctly operated with a proper positional relation, in a power roller unit for a toroidal type continuously variable transmission according to the present invention, a displacement shaft, a power roller, a radial needle bearing, a thrust ball bearing and a thrust needle bearing are pre-assembled to a trunnion. After dimensional relations and operation conditions of the constructural parts of the assembly or unit are ascertained, the assembly is assembled within a housing together with other unit, thereby completing the toroidal type continuously variable transmission.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission provided with a rotary shaft characterized in that a ball spline is formed between an inner peripheral surface of a first disc and an outer peripheral surface of an intermediate portion of a rotary shaft, a restraining members for limiting displacement of balls of a ball spline is provided on an inner side of the inner peripheral surface of the first disc, a small-diametered portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the rotary shaft and between the first disc and a second disc, and the restraining members is mountable through the small-diametered portion with the restraining members and the small-diametered portion axially aligned with each other.

Abstract: This invention realizes a compact and light-weight structure having excellent durability and transmission efficiency. A toroidal type continuously variable transmission is provided around an input shaft concentric with a driving shaft, and a planetary gear mechanism is provided around an output shaft. This output shaft is disposed obliquely above the input shaft. By such disposition, the effective utilization of space is achieved, and compactness and lighter weight are realized.

Abstract: A toroidal type continuously variable transmission improves transmission efficiency. The thrust loads applied to first and second ball-and-roller bearings as a pressing device is actuated are reduced, and the rotational torques of these two ball-and-roller bearings are decreased so as to achieve higher transmission efficiency. When the pressing device is actuated, the inner rings of the first and second ball-and-roller bearings are subjected to thrust loads which act on them to move them toward each other. The thrust loads are reduced by pushing the inner rings in such directions as to move them away from each other by first and second pistons constituting first and second hydraulic cylinders, respectively.

Abstract: Improved input and output discs for toroidal type continuously variable transmissions are obtained by select processing techniques to form hardened layers. Processing techniques include, e.g., carburizing, carbonitriding, and high-frequency induction hardening. Shot peening may be used to impart compressive residual surface stress to predetermined disc portions to enhance resistance to cracking.

Abstract: The ball spline for use in a troidal-type continuously variable transmission comprises a plurality of spline grooves and a plurality of balls which are arranged in series within spline gaps each constituted by a set of mutually opposing spline grooves, in which, while allowing the movement of the input disc in the direction of an input shaft by means of contact between the spline gaps and balls, the input shaft and input disc can be drivingly connected to each other. In the ball spline, the number of spline gaps is set different from integral multiples of the number of power rollers which are held by and between the input and output discs in contact with the two discs in order to transmit a rotation torque between the input and output discs.

Abstract: The amounts of displacement of trunnions installed in first and second cavities are made equal to each other irrespective of the amount of resilient deformation. Also, if the worst should happen, the stability of the running of an automobile is secured. The supply and discharge of pressure oil to first and second actuators for displacing the trunnions installed in the first and second cavities are effected by first and second control valves independent of each other. A value is included for controlling so that the difference between oil pressure fed into the first actuator and oil pressure fed into the second actuator may not become great.

Abstract: A friction-roller speed changer has three intermediate rollers (12a, 12b, 12c). Two rollers (12a, 12b) of which act as a wedge roller and can be moved into the narrower area of an annular space (10) by the transmission of power, wherein during power transmission from the input side in the normal state to the output side. The other intermediate roller (12a or 12b), which does not act as the wedge roller, moves into the wider area of the annular space (10) against the elastic force of the spring (14) whereby transmission efficiency for bidirectional rotation is maintained while preventing backflow of power.

Abstract: A load applied to the constituent member of a toroidal type continuously variable transmission is mitigated to thereby improve the durability thereof. During low speed running, a clutch for low speed is connected and a clutch for high speed and a clutch for backward movement are disconnected. During high speed running, the clutch for high speed is connected and the clutch for low speed and the clutch for backward movement are disconnected. During the high speed running, a torque is applied to the output side disc of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission. This torque becomes smaller as the transmission ratio as a whole is displaced to the high speed side. Correspondingly thereto, the load applied to the constituent member of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission can be mitigated.