Abstract: Optical gain of a nonpolar or semipolar Group-III nitride diode laser is controlled by orienting an axis of light propagation in relation to an optical polarization direction or crystallographic orientation of the diode laser. The axis of light propagation is substantially perpendicular to the mirror facets of the diode laser, and the optical polarization direction is determined by the crystallographic orientation of the diode laser. To maximize optical gain, the axis of light propagation is oriented substantially perpendicular to the optical polarization direction or crystallographic orientation.

Abstract: Optical gain of a nonpolar or semipolar Group-III nitride diode laser is controlled by orienting an axis of light propagation in relation to an optical polarization direction or crystallographic orientation of the diode laser. The axis of light propagation is substantially perpendicular to the mirror facets of the diode laser, and the optical polarization direction is determined by the crystallographic orientation of the diode laser. To maximize optical gain, the axis of light propagation is oriented substantially perpendicular to the optical polarization direction or crystallographic orientation.

Abstract: A polarized light emitting diode (LED) includes a marker indicating a polarization direction. A package for the LED also includes a marker indicating the polarization direction. The markers on the LED and package are used for mutual alignment, wherein the LED is attached in a favorable orientation with respect to a package, so that the polarization direction of emitted light from the package is apparent. The marker is placed on the LED before die separation and the marker is placed on the package before alignment. The marker on the LED comprises a photolithographic pattern, an asymmetric die shape, a notch on the die, or a scratch on the die, while the marker on the package comprises an electrode shape or pattern, an asymmetric package shape, a notch on the package, or a scratch on the package. Finally, the LED or package may be installed in an external circuit or system that also indicates the polarization direction.

Abstract: An off-axis cut of a nonpolar III-nitride wafer towards a polar (?c) orientation results in higher polarization ratios for light emission than wafers without such off-axis cuts. A 5° angle for an off-axis cut has been confirmed to provide the highest polarization ratio (0.9) than any other examined angles for off-axis cuts between 0 and 27°.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus for emitting polarized white light, which includes at least a first light source for emitting primary light comprised of one or more first wavelengths and having a first polarization direction; and at least a second light source for emitting secondary light in the first polarization direction, comprised of one or more secondary wavelengths, wherein the first light and the secondary light are combined to produce a polarized white light. The lighting apparatus may further comprise a polarizer for controlling the primary light's intensity, wherein a rotation of the polarizer varies an alignment of its polarization axis with respect to the first polarization direction, which varies transmission of the primary light through the polarizer, which controls a color co-ordinate or hue of the white light.

Abstract: An increase in the Indium (In) content in light-emitting layers of light-emitting diode (LED) structures prepared on nonpolar III-nitride substrates result in higher polarization ratios for light emission than LED structures containing lesser In content. Polarization ratios should be higher than 0.7 at wavelengths longer than 470 nm.

Abstract: An (Al, Ga, In)N and ZnO direct wafer bonded light emitting diode (LED) combined with a shaped optical element in which the directional light from the ZnO cone or any high refractive index material in contact with the LED surface entering the shaped optical element is extracted to air.

Abstract: A polarized light emitting diode (LED) includes a marker indicating a polarization direction. A package for the LED also includes a marker indicating the polarization direction. The markers on the LED and package are used for mutual alignment, wherein the LED is attached in a favorable orientation with respect to a package, so that the polarization direction of emitted light from the package is apparent. The marker is placed on the LED before die separation and the marker is placed on the package before alignment. The marker on the LED comprises a photolithographic pattern, an asymmetric die shape, a notch on the die, or a scratch on the die, while the marker on the package comprises an electrode shape or pattern, an asymmetric package shape, a notch on the package, or a scratch on the package. Finally, the LED or package may be installed in an external circuit or system that also indicates the polarization direction.

Abstract: A polarized light emitting diode (LED) includes a marker indicating a polarization direction. A package for the LED also includes a marker indicating the polarization direction. The markers on the LED and package are used for mutual alignment, wherein the LED is attached in a favorable orientation with respect to a package, so that the polarization direction of emitted light from the package is apparent. The marker is placed on the LED before die separation and the marker is placed on the package before alignment. The marker on the LED comprises a photolithographic pattern, an asymmetric die shape, a notch on the die, or a scratch on the die, while the marker on the package comprises an electrode shape or pattern, an asymmetric package shape, a notch on the package, or a scratch on the package. Finally, the LED or package may be installed in an external circuit or system that also indicates the polarization direction.

Abstract: Optical gain of a nonpolar or semipolar Group-III nitride diode laser is controlled by orienting an axis of light propagation in relation to an optical polarization direction or crystallographic orientation of the diode laser. The axis of light propagation is substantially perpendicular to the mirror facets of the diode laser, and the optical polarization direction is determined by the crystallographic orientation of the diode laser. To maximize optical gain, the axis of light propagation is oriented substantially perpendicular to the optical polarization direction or crystallographic orientation.

Abstract: This invention is related to LED Light Extraction for optoelectronic applications. More particularly the invention relates to (Al, Ga, In)N combined with optimized optics for highly efficient (Al, Ga, In)N based light emitting diodes applications, and its fabrication method. A further extension is the general combination of a shaped high refractive index light extraction material combined with a sphere shaped molding.

Abstract: An (Al, Ga, In)N and ZnO direct wafer bonded light emitting diode (LED) combined with a shaped plastic optical element, in which the directional light from the ZnO cone, or from any high refractive index material in contact with the LED surface, entering the shaped plastic optical element is extracted to air.

Abstract: A polarized light emitting diode (LED) includes a marker indicating a polarization direction. A package for the LED also includes a marker indicating the polarization direction. The markers on the LED and package are used for mutual alignment, wherein the LED is attached in a favorable orientation with respect to a package, so that the polarization direction of emitted light from the package is apparent. The marker is placed on the LED before die separation and the marker is placed on the package before alignment. The marker on the LED comprises a photolithographic pattern, an asymmetric die shape, a notch on the die, or a scratch on the die, while the marker on the package comprises an electrode shape or pattern, an asymmetric package shape, a notch on the package, or a scratch on the package. Finally, the LED or package may be installed in an external circuit or system that also indicates the polarization direction.

Abstract: A brush holding device includes a dielectric resin circuit board and at least one metal brush holder secured to the circuit board at its base portion. Each brush holder includes a receiving recess that receives a brush and a spring for urging the brush against a commutator. A side wall of the brush holder located at a radially outer side of the brush holder includes an engaging piece that resiliently engages against an inner peripheral surface of an outer peripheral wall of the circuit board.

Abstract: A brush holding device includes a dielectric resin circuit board and at least one metal brush holder secured to the circuit board at its base portion. Each brush holder includes a receiving recess that receives a brush and a spring for urging the brush against a commutator. A side wall of the brush holder located at a radially outer side of the brush holder includes an engaging piece that resiliently engages against an inner peripheral surface of an outer peripheral wall of the circuit board.

Abstract: In a commutator of an armature of an electric motor, a plurality of segments are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of a commutator ring at equal angular intervals. The segments which are in the same phase and oppose with 180° angular interval are connected through a conductive plate. Each conductive plate is spaced apart a predetermined distance from adjacent ones in the axial direction not to short, and molded within the commutator ring. Each of brushes is shaped to have a width which is sufficient to bridge over three segments. Alternatively, the commutator ring may be shaped to have a tapering protrusion part (25c) and the same-phase segments may be directly connected by a shorting wire along the tapering protrusion part.

Abstract: A stator of an electric motor provides pole retaining portions which retain the poles therein and are radially project at their end portions towards the outer periphery in a ring shape, whereby winding operations around the outer surface of the pole retaining portion are performed from the outside without any restriction, thus allowing a small-sized motor stator to be easily manufactured.