Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## R and R', independently from each other, represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxymethylene group whose alkoxy moiety has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyano group or a halogen atom, and n and m, independently from each other, represent 0 or 1.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## R and R', independently from each other, represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxymethylene group whose alkoxy moiety has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyano group or a halogen atom, and n and m, independently from each other, represent 0 or 1.

Abstract: A compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein A denotes a substituted ring structure represented by the formula ##STR2## the substituent R denotes a linear alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, and the cyclohexane rings are both arranged in a trans(equatorial-equatorial)-form.

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein A denotes ##STR2## R and R', independently from each other, denote a linear alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, and ##STR3## is a cyclohexane ring arranged in a trans(equatorial-equatorial)form.

Abstract: A compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein A denotes a substituted ring structure represented by the formula ##STR2## or ##STR3## the substituent R denotes a linear alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, and the cyclohexane rings are both arranged in a trans(equatorial-equatorial)-form.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystalline compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' each represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, and the two cyclohexane rings are arranged in a trans(equatorial-equatorial) form.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crytalline compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the general formula ##STR1## compounds represented by the general formula ##STR2## compounds represented by the general formula ##STR3## and compounds represented by the general formula ##STR4## wherein R and R', independently from each other, represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and each cyclohexane ring is arranged in a trans(equatorial-equatorial) form. These compounds have higher nematic phaseisotropic liquid phase transition temperatures than conventional liquid crystalline compounds.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, n represents an integer of 1 or 2, and X represents F when n is 1 and F or Cl when n is 2.

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A 1,2-di[trans(equatorial-equatorial)cyclohexyl]-ethane derivative of the following general formula ##STR1## wherein R and R', independently from each other, represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A 1-cyclohexyl-2-cyclohexylphenylethane derivative of the following general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, independently from each other, represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal composition composed of (i) at least one compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents n-C.sub.m H.sub.2m+1, R.sub.2 represents n-C.sub.q H.sub.2q+1 -O, and m and q are integers of 1 to 10,(ii) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of nematic liquid crystalline compounds having positive dielectric anisotropy and homologs thereof, and (iii) as an optional ingredient, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of nematic liquid crystalline compounds having negative dielectric anisotropy and homologs thereof. This liquid crystal composition is colorless and chemically stable and has superior multiplexing drive characteristics. These properties render it useful as a display element.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystalline compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a linear alkyl group containing 3 to 8 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 represents a linear alkyl g group containing 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a cyano group, with the proviso that when R.sub.2 represents a linear alkyl group containing 3 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 does not represent a linear alkyl group containing 3 or 7 carbon atoms, and when R.sub.2 represents a cyano group, R.sub.1 does not represent a linear alkyl group containing 3 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Novel trans(equatorial-equatorial)1,4-disubstituted cyclohexane derivatives of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a linear alkyl group containing 3 to 7 carbon atoms, and R' represents a linear alkoxy group containing 2 to 5 carbon atoms or a cyano group. These compounds are nematic liquid crystals, and a composition containing at least one of these compounds is useful as an electro-optical display material.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a linear alkyl group containing 1 to 9 carbon atoms. When added to nematic liquid crystals for electro-optical display elements, these compounds enable the liquid crystals to be operated at low voltages.

Abstract: Nematic liquid crystalline 4,4'-substituted derivatives of cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid phenylthiol esters represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a linear alkyl group containing 3 to 7 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 is a linear alkoxy group containing 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline composition comprising a nematic liquid crystalline substance and as an additive, a 1,8-diazo-bicyclo(5,4,0) undecene-7 alkyl ammonium salt of benzoic acid optionally having a substituent at the paraposition.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal composition comprising (I) 4-n-valeryloxy-4'-cyanobiphenyl, (II) 4-n-caproyloxy-4'-cyanobiphenyl and (III) 4'-cyanophenyl-4-n-heptylbenzoate, and either (IV) 4'-cyanophenyl-4-n-butylbenzoate or (V) 4'-cyanophenyl-4-n-nonylbenzoate, said composition having a crystal-nematic transition temperature of -40.degree. to -20.degree. C and a nematic-isotropic transition temperature of 50.degree. to 65.degree. C.