Abstract: A powder material for three-dimensional modeling includes a base particle and a coverage film including an organic material. The coverage film covers the base particle. The powder material is used for three dimensional modeling and when the coverage film is dissolved in a solvent to prepare a solution and the solution is formed into a coated film on a smooth surface, the coated film has a wetting tension of from 22 mN/m to 28 mN/m.

Abstract: A developing device, including: a developer containing toner and carrier; and developer bearer configured to have surface thereof bear the developer and endlessly move, and to develop latent image over surface of latent image bearer by supplying toner in developer to latent image in developing region facing the latent image bearer, wherein carrier contains fine particles, value X in volume resistivity R (=10X) (?·cm) of carrier is 11.5-16.0, developer bearer includes: magnetic field generating unit including a plurality of magnetic poles; and developing sleeve having a cylindrical shape enclosing magnetic field generating unit, and configured to bear developer over outer circumferential surface of cylindrical shape by magnetic force of the magnetic field generating unit and perform surface moving by rotating relative to developing device body, and developing device includes developing sleeve voltage applying unit configured to apply AC component-containing voltage to developing sleeve.

Abstract: A solid freeform fabrication powder material includes a metal particle, and a water-soluble organic material particle. The water-soluble organic material particle accounts for 2-18 percent by volume of the solid freeform fabrication powder material and the water-soluble organic material particle has a volume average particle diameter of 3-15 ?m.

Abstract: A powder for 3D modeling includes a base particle and a resin having a functional group represented by the following Chemical formula 1, where A1 represents O or NH and R1, R2, and R3 each, independently represent CH3, C2H5, C3H7, or C4H9. The base particle is covered with the resin.

Abstract: A material set for manufacturing a glass object includes a powder material including glass and a first water soluble resin; and a liquid material including water and a second water soluble resin having a mass average molecular weight of less than 50

Abstract: There is provided a carrier including magnetic core particles; and a coating layer on a surface of each of the magnetic core particles, wherein the coating layer contains electroconductive particles; wherein the electroconductive particles are electroconductive particles in which white inorganic pigments are coated with phosphorus-doped tin or tungsten-doped tin; and wherein a dope ratio of phosphorus or tungsten to tin in the phosphorus-doped tin or tungsten-doped tin is 0.010 to 0.100.

Abstract: A powder material for three-dimensional modeling includes a base material and a resin covering the base material, wherein the covering factor by the resin is 15 percent or more and the aspect ratio of the powder material is 0.90 or greater as calculated according to the following relation 1. Aspect ratio (average)=X1×Y1/100+X2×Y2/100+ . . . +Xn×Yn/100,??Relation 1 In the Relation 1, Y1+Y2+ . . . +Yn=100 (percent), Xn represents the aspect ratio (minor axis/major axis), Yn represents an existence ratio (percent) of a particle having an aspect ratio of Xn, and n is 15,000 or greater.

Abstract: A powder material for three-dimensional modeling includes a base particle and a resin covering the base particle, wherein the resin has a first absorption peak in the range of from 1,141 cm?1 to 1,145 cm?1 and a second absorption peak in the range of from 1,089 cm?1 to 1,093 cm?1 in an infrared absorption spectrum and the intensity ratio of the first absorption peak to the second absorption peak is from 0.40 to 0.70.

Abstract: A powder material for three-dimensional modeling includes a base particle and a coverage film including an organic material. The coverage film covers the base particle. The powder material is used for three dimensional modeling and when the coverage film is dissolved in a solvent to prepare a solution and the solution is formed into a coated film on a smooth surface, the coated film has a wetting tension of from 22 mN/m to 28 mN/m.

Abstract: A powder material for three-dimensional modeling includes a base particle and a resin including a first water soluble resin and a second water soluble resin, wherein a first aqueous solution of the first water soluble resin having a concentration of two percent by mass has a thermally reversible sol-gel phase transition and is gelated at temperatures higher than a first phase transition temperature of the first aqueous solution.

Abstract: A powder for 3D modeling includes a base particle and a resin having a functional group represented by the following Chemical formula 1, where A1 represents O or NH and R1, R2, and R3 each, independently represent CH3, C2H5, C3H7, or C4H9. The base particle is covered with the resin.

Abstract: A carrier for developing an electrostatic latent image of the present invention includes a core material and a coating layer which coats the core material, wherein the coating layer includes a resin and fine particles, wherein the coating layer has an average layer thickness difference of 0.02 ?m to 3.0 ?m, and wherein the carrier for developing an electrostatic latent image has an arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra1 of 0.5 ?m to 0.9 ?m.

Abstract: A carrier is provided. The carrier includes a particulate magnetic core, and a cover layer located on the surface of the particulate magnetic core and including a resin and a filler. When determined from observation of cross-section of the carrier, the shape factor SF2 of the carrier is from 120 to 160, the ratio of the average domain diameter of the particulate magnetic core to the number average particle diameter of the filler is from 1:1 to 1:0.003, and the area ratio of the filler in the cover layer is from 30 to 85%.

Abstract: A replenishing developer housing container includes: a container body housing a replenishing developer; a conveying portion; a pipe receiving port; and an uplifting portion. The replenishing developer contains a toner and a carrier. The container body includes a protruding portion protruding from a container body interior side of the container opening portion toward one end of the container body and a curving portion curving so as to conform to the protruding portion. The uplifting portion includes an uplifting wall surface extending from an internal wall surface of the container body toward the protruding portion. When the replenishing developer housing container is mounted on the replenishing developer conveying device, the protruding portion is present between the curving portion and the replenishing developer receiving port of a conveying pipe being inserted.

Abstract: A carrier for use in a two-component developer for developing an electrostatic latent image is provided. The carrier includes a particulate magnetic core; and a cover layer located on a surface of the particulate magnetic core and including a resin and a particulate electroconductive material. The carrier has a BET specific surface area of from 0.8 to 1.6 m2/g.

Abstract: A carrier for developing electrostatic latent images includes a core material; and a covering layer formed of a resin comprising an electroconductive particulate material, overlying the core material, wherein the covering layer includes the electroconductive particulate material in an amount of from 58 to 73% by weight and has a resistivity of from 6.6 to 8.6 ?cm, and wherein the carrier has a high-brightness contrast part at an areal ratio less than 1% and 40 to 90% based on total area thereof at an acceleration voltage of 0.8 KV and 2.0 KV, respectively in an FE-SEM reflection electron image of the surface thereof.

Abstract: There is provided a carrier including magnetic core particles; and a coating layer on a surface of each of the magnetic core particles, wherein the coating layer contains electroconductive particles; wherein the electroconductive particles are electroconductive particles in which white inorganic pigments are coated with phosphorus-doped tin or tungsten-doped tin; and wherein a dope ratio of phosphorus or tungsten to tin in the phosphorus-doped tin or tungsten-doped tin is 0.010 to 0.100.

Abstract: A carrier for use in a two component developer for developing an electrostatic latent image is provided. The carrier includes a particulate core material; and a cover layer located on a surface of the core material and including a silicone resin and barium sulfate. The cover layer includes Ba and Si at an atomic ratio of from 0.01 to 0.08 as determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Abstract: To provide an image forming method, containing: a charging step, a latent electrostatic image forming step, a developing step, a transferring step, and a fixing step, wherein the developing step is developing the latent electrostatic image formed on the latent electrostatic image bearing member with a two-component developer containing a toner and a carrier by a developing element to form a visible image, where the developing contains: stirring the toner and the carrier to prepare the two-component developer to have a flow energy amount of 30 mJ to 70 mJ; and periodically discharging and transporting the stirred two-component to the developer unit by air pressure to thereby supply the two-component developer for the developing.

Abstract: A carrier for developing electrostatic latent image, including a particulate magnetic core material; and a coated layer covering the surface of the particulate magnetic core material, wherein the coated layer includes a resin including a silicone resin and a methacrylic ester or an acrylic ester resin, and a filler including a substrate; and an electroconductive layer comprising tin dioxide (SnO2), overlying the substrate, and wherein the carrier includes tin (Sn) in an amount not less than 0.5% by atom and has a ratio (Sn/Si) of tin (Sn) to silicon (Si) of from 0.03 to 0.2 when subjected to an XPS analysis.