Abstract: A tunneling field effect transistor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first semiconductor layer having a first conductive type; a second semiconductor layer having a second conductive type and realizing a heterojunction with respect to the first semiconductor layer in a first region; a gate insulating layer over the second semiconductor layer in the first region; a gate electrode layer over the gate insulating layer; a first electrode layer electrically connected to the first semiconductor layer; a second electrode layer electrically connected to the second semiconductor layer; and a first insulating layer interposed between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer in a second region adjacent to the first region toward the second electrode layer.

Abstract: A tunneling field effect transistor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first semiconductor layer having a first conductive type; a second semiconductor layer having a second conductive type and realizing a heterojunction with respect to the first semiconductor layer in a first region; a gate insulating layer over the second semiconductor layer in the first region; a gate electrode layer over the gate insulating layer; a first electrode layer electrically connected to the first semiconductor layer; a second electrode layer electrically connected to the second semiconductor layer; and a first insulating layer interposed between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer in a second region adjacent to the first region toward the second electrode layer.

Abstract: A method for performing micro fabrication includes using, as a photomask, a self-organizing material-patterned substrate which is soluble in an organic solvent. A method for emitting light includes emitting the light in a pattern of a nucleic acid which is a self-organizing material immobilized on a self-organizing material-patterned substrate. An immobilization layer containing a binding material capable of binding to a self-organizing material is formed on a substrate. Then this immobilization layer is patterned by transferring a protrusion and recess pattern formed in a mold thereto by the imprint process. The self-organizing material is supplied onto the side having the protrusion and recess pattern of the immobilization layer transferred thereto.

Abstract: The base plate is transmissive to terahertz waves, and a sample is disposed at the base plate. In the conductive periodic structure, plural transmission portions that transmit terahertz waves are arrayed with a predetermined period. The conductive periodic structure is disposed apart from a position at which the sample is disposed. The waveguide includes a total reflection surface provided at a boundary face with the conductive periodic structure. The total reflection surface totally reflects incident terahertz waves, and the waveguide guides incident terahertz waves toward the total reflection surface. The magnitudes of one or more of a distance between the position at which the sample is disposed and the conductive periodic structure, a property of the base plate, and the predetermined period are set such that a dip showing a characteristic absorption is formed in a predetermined frequency region of a spectrum of terahertz waves.

Abstract: The base plate is transmissive to terahertz waves, and a sample is disposed at the base plate. In the conductive periodic structure, plural transmission portions that transmit terahertz waves are arrayed with a predetermined period. The conductive periodic structure is disposed apart from a position at which the sample is disposed. The waveguide includes a total reflection surface provided at a boundary face with the conductive periodic structure. The total reflection surface totally reflects incident terahertz waves, and the waveguide guides incident terahertz waves toward the total reflection surface. The magnitudes of one or more of a distance between the position at which the sample is disposed and the conductive periodic structure, a property of the base plate, and the predetermined period are set such that a dip showing a characteristic absorption is formed in a predetermined frequency region of a spectrum of terahertz waves.

Abstract: A method for performing micro fabrication includes using, as a photomask, a self-organizing material-patterned substrate which is soluble in an organic solvent. A method for emitting light includes emitting the light in a pattern of a nucleic acid which is a self-organizing material immobilized on a self-organizing material-patterned substrate. An immobilization layer containing a binding material capable of binding to a self-organizing material is formed on a substrate. Then this immobilization layer is patterned by transferring a protrusion and recess pattern formed in a mold thereto by the imprint process. The self-organizing material is supplied onto the side having the protrusion and recess pattern of the immobilization layer transferred thereto.

Abstract: A method for immobilizing a self-organizing material or fine particles on a substrate, and a substrate whereupon the self-organizing material or the fine particles are immobilized. More specifically, the method for immobilizing the fine particles including a nucleic acid (for instance, DNA or RNA) or a metal oxide on the substrate, and the substrate whereupon the nucleic acid (for example, DNA or RNA) or the metal oxide is immobilized.

Abstract: Four stochastic resonators 20-1 to 20-4 outputting a pulse signal in accordance with a stochastic resonance phenomenon are unidirectionally coupled in a ring-like form to constitute a fluctuation oscillator 10. When a signal output from each of the stochastic resonators 20-1 to 20-4 is successively transmitted in the stochastic resonators 20-1 to 20-4 coupled in a ring-like form, the output timings at each stochastic resonator 20 are synchronized with each other due to a cooperation phenomenon between the stochastic resonators 20-1 to 20-4, so that each stochastic resonator 20 is self-excited to oscillate at a constant period of time.

Abstract: Four stochastic resonators 20-1 to 20-4 outputting a pulse signal in accordance with a stochastic resonance phenomenon are unidirectionally coupled in a ring-like form to constitute a fluctuation oscillator 10. When a signal output from each of the stochastic resonators 20-1 to 20-4 is successively transmitted in the stochastic resonators 20-1 to 20-4 coupled in a ring-like form, the output timings at each stochastic resonator 20 are synchronized with each other due to a cooperation phenomenon between the stochastic resonators 20-1 to 20-4, so that each stochastic resonator 20 is self-excited to oscillate at a constant period of time.

Abstract: A method for immobilizing a self-organizing material or fine particles on a substrate, and a substrate whereupon the self-organizing material or the fine particles are immobilized. More specifically, the method for immobilizing the fine particles including a nucleic acid (for instance, DNA or RNA) or a metal oxide on the substrate, and the substrate whereupon the nucleic acid (for example, DNA or RNA) or the metal oxide is immobilized.

Abstract: A method for immobilizing a self-organizing material or fine particles on a substrate, and a substrate whereupon the self-organizing material or the fine particles are immobilized. More specifically, the method for immobilizing the fine particles including a nucleic acid (for instance, DNA or RNA) or a metal oxide on the substrate, and the substrate whereupon the nucleic acid (for example, DNA or RNA) or the metal oxide is immobilized.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a method of patterning a self-organizing material whereby a self-organizing material having a self-organization ability such as a nucleic acid can be aligned and immobilized in a desired manner on a substrate by using the imprint process, a patterned substrate of a self-organizing material and a method of producing the same, and a photomask. An immobilization layer containing a binder capable of binding to a self-organizing material is formed on a substrate. Then this immobilization layer is patterned by transferring an uneven pattern formed in a mold thereto by the imprint process. The self-organizing material is supplied onto the face having the uneven pattern of the immobilization layer transferred thereto. Thus, the self-organizing material is immobilized following the uneven pattern of the immobilization layer owing to the self-organization ability of the material per se and the binding ability of the binder contained in the immobilization layer.

Abstract: A method for immobilizing a self-organizing material or fine particles on a substrate, and a substrate whereupon the self-organizing material or the fine particles are immobilized. More specifically, the method for immobilizing the fine particles including a nucleic acid (for instance, DNA or RNA) or a metal oxide on the substrate, and the substrate whereupon the nucleic acid (for example, DNA or RNA) or the metal oxide is immobilized.

Abstract: An image display device includes a face plate in which a metal back layer is formed on a phosphor screen and a rear plate having a number of electron emitting elements, and an electrically divided portion is formed at the metal back layer in a predetermined pattern. In this electrically divided portion, a covering layer including a component melting or oxidizing a metal (Al) and heat resistant fine particles such as silica fine particles respectively, and having concaves and convexes resulting from the heat resistant fine particles on a surface thereof is formed. Besides, a getter layer divided by the covering layer is formed on the metal back layer in a film shape. It is desirable that in the light absorption layer, a portion at least positioning at a lower layer of the divided portion of the metal back layer has a surface resistance of 1×105?/? to 1×1012?/?.

Abstract: A metal back layer and a getter layer of an image display apparatus according to the present invention is given an electrically discontinuous characteristic by a porous getter cut material having a number of gaps (holes) of predetermined size with respect to the magnitude of impurities to be absorbed. Therefore, a discharge start voltage upon an electric discharge is increased, that is, a discharge withstand voltage is increased.

Abstract: A display apparatus in which a light shielding layer to partition fluorescent layers of a fluorescent screen has protrusions and depressions capable of providing a discontinuous area at least with a resistance greater than a predetermined value, for a metal layer for a metal back layer and a metal layer for a getter layer. The height or thickness of a light shielding layer is defined higher than the total thickness of a fluorescent layer, a metal layer for a metal back layer, and a metal layer for a getter layer. According to the present invention, it is possible to effectively manufacture a display apparatus whose picture quality is not degraded by an internal electric discharge. Thus, the cost of the display apparatus is decreased.

Abstract: An image display unit having a structure in which a heat-resisting fine particle layer is formed on a metal back layer disposed on a phosphor layer, and a getter layer is deposited/formed on the heat-resisting fine particle layer by vapor-depositing. The fine particle layer is desirably formed in a specified pattern, and a filmy getter layer is formed in a pattern complementary to the former pattern. The average particle size of heat-resisting fine particles which may use SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 is 5 nm to 30 ?m. Since abnormal discharging is restricted, the destruction and deterioration of an electron emitting element and a phosphor screen are prevented to provide a high-brightness, high-grade display.

Abstract: This image display unit includes a face plate (6) on an inner surface of which a phosphor screen is formed, and a rear plate having a large number of electron emission elements, wherein the phosphor screen includes a light absorption layer (8), a phosphor layer (9), a metal back layer (10) having a separating portion (10a) and formed on the phosphor layer, a high-resistance covering layer (11) formed on the separating portion of the metal back layer in such a way as to be laid across the metal back layer of both sides of the separating portion, a heat-resistant fine particle layer (12) formed on the high-resistance covering layer, and a getter layer (13) formed in a film shape above the metal back layer and divided by the heat-resistant fine particle layer.

Abstract: A metal back-attached phosphor screen includes a light absorption layer (2) and a phosphor layer (3) on an inner surface of a face plate (1) respectively, and a metal back layer (5) formed on the phosphor layer (3). The light absorption layer (2) contains an oxygen carrier prepared by adding a reducing metal to a metal oxide. A particle size of the oxygen carrier can be set to be 1 to 10 ?m. Besides, a phosphor material in which an activator such as Eu is added to a phosphor host material including oxygen such as Y2O2S, can be used as the oxygen carrier. In an image display device such as an FED, it is possible to eliminate a generation and an emission of a gas from the phosphor screen, and to improve an operation life of an electron emitting source.

Abstract: An image display unit having a structure in which a heat-resisting fine particle layer is formed on a metal back layer disposed on a phosphor layer, and a getter layer is deposited/formed on the heat-resisting fine particle layer by vapor-depositing. The fine particle layer is desirably formed in a specified pattern, and a filmy getter layer is formed in a pattern complementary to the former pattern. The average particle size of heat-resisting fine particles which may use SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 is 5 nm to 30 ?m. Since abnormal discharging is restricted, the destruction and deterioration of an electron emitting element and a phosphor screen are prevented to provide a high-brightness, high-grade display.