Abstract: A communication method and apparatus between heterogeneous platforms. A communication method of an interaction server that enables an interaction between a first platform server and a second platform server providing different platforms includes receiving, from the first platform server, a token request that includes first user identification information registered to the first platform server; transmitting, to the first platform server, a token that is created based on integrated user identification information corresponding to the first user identification information; receiving, from the second platform server, a request for verifying a validity of the token transferred from the first platform server to the second platform server; and transferring, to the second platform server in response to the validity of the token, second user identification information that corresponds to the integrated user identification information and is registered to the second platform server.

Abstract: A method of registering virtual equipment for a virtual production system includes generating a production system model and a production process model of a virtual factory on the basis of a structure database (DB), a production DB, and an operation DB, extracting a plurality of equipment behavior catalogs (EBCs) regarding a plurality of pieces of virtual equipment used in the virtual factory from an EBC repository on the basis of the production system model, generating and simulating a plurality of equipment processing models on the basis of the plurality of EBCs and the production process model, and generating an EBC set on the basis of the plurality of EBCs when a result of the simulation satisfies a predetermined criterion.

Abstract: A temperature sensor having calibration function according to temperature, a method of operating the same, and a device including the same are provided. The temperature sensor includes a reference circuit configured to generate at least one temperature information signal that varies according to a temperature, and generate at least one reference signal that is substantially constant relative to the temperature; and a digital temperature generator configured to receive the at least one temperature information signal and the at least one reference signal generated by the reference circuit, and generate a digital temperature information signal indicative of the temperature based on the at least one temperature information signal and the at least one reference signal, wherein one of the reference circuit and the digital temperature generator is configured to receive a calibration signal and adjust the at least one reference signal based on the calibration signal.

Abstract: A temperature sensor, a processor including the same, and a method of operating the same are provided.

Abstract: A thermoelectric element is provided as follows. First and second semiconductor fin structures are disposed on a semiconductor substrate. Each semiconductor fin structure extends in a first direction, protruding from the semiconductor substrate. First and second semiconductor nanowires are disposed on the first and second semiconductor fin structures, respectively. The first semiconductor nanowires include first impurities. The second semiconductor nanowires include second impurities different from the first impurities. A first electrode is connected to first ends of the first and second semiconductor nanowires. A second electrode is connected to second ends of the first semiconductor nanowires. A third electrode is connected to second ends of the second semiconductor nanowires.

Abstract: A temperature sensor, a processor including the same, and a method of operating the same are provided. The temperature sensor includes: a reference circuit configured to receive a supply voltage provided from outside the processor and utilized by a logic block of the processor for operation of the logic block, and generate, using the supply voltage, at least one temperature information signal that varies according to a temperature of the logic block and at least one reference signal that is substantially constant relative to the temperature of the logic block; and a digital temperature generator configured to receive the at least one temperature information signal and the at least one reference signal generated by the reference circuit, and generate a digital temperature information signal indicative of the temperature of the logic block based on the at least one temperature information signal and the at least one reference signal.

Abstract: A surveillance system including a battery camera and a gateway. The battery camera includes a battery configured to supply power to the battery camera, a camera module configured to capture a surveillance area, a connector configured to directly connect to the gateway, a network module configured to communicate with the gateway, and a processor configured to charge the battery through the connector. The processor transmits high-quality images through the connector when the connector is connected to the gateway and transmits low-quality images through the network module when the connector is disconnected from the gateway.

Abstract: An image processing device includes a switch signal generator, an amplifier, a ramp generator, and an attenuation control circuit. The switch signal generator generates switch control signals based on a level of an image signal that corresponds to a pixel signal output from a pixel. The amplifier includes a first input terminal and a second input terminal. The ramp generator generates a ramp signal. The attenuation control circuit adjusts an arrangement of capacitors according to the switch control signals to control whether to attenuate each of the pixel signal and the ramp signal, and transmits signals generated as a result of the adjusted arrangement to the first input terminal and the second input terminal.

Abstract: Transaction management methods for enhancing data stability of a NoSQL DB based on a distributed file system are presented. The methods include, for instance: initializing a data storage transaction in which the distributed file system stores a logical file in the NoSQL DB, writing, by the distributed file system, the logical file into an inter-file IF, and moving, by the distributed file system, the inter-file to a physical file of the NoSQL DB when commit on a transaction occurs.

Abstract: A communication method and apparatus between heterogeneous platforms. A communication method of an interaction server that enables an interaction between a first platform server and a second platform server providing different platforms includes receiving, from the first platform server, a token request that includes first user identification information registered to the first platform server; transmitting, to the first platform server, a token that is created based on integrated user identification information corresponding to the first user identification information; receiving, from the second platform server, a request for verifying a validity of the token transferred from the first platform server to the second platform server; and transferring, to the second platform server in response to the validity of the token, second user identification information that corresponds to the integrated user identification information and is registered to the second platform server.

Abstract: The front-end integrated circuit includes a first clock unit receiving a reference clock signal from an oscillator and generating a first clock signal, a first analog front end module receiving and processing a first broadcast signal using the first clock signal, a second clock unit receiving the reference clock signal and generating a second clock signal, and a second analog front end module receiving and processing a second broadcast signal using the second clock signal.

Abstract: A programmable gain amplifier (PGA) circuit includes a first input resistor coupled between a first input node and a first summing node and a second input resistor coupled between a second input node and a second summing node. The PGA circuit further includes a first variable reference resistor coupled between a third input node and the first summing node, a second variable reference resistor coupled between a fourth input node and the second summing node, and an operational amplifier having first and second inputs coupled to respective ones of the first and second summing nodes and first and second outputs coupled to respective ones of the first and second output nodes. At least of the first and second reference resistors may include an R-2R ladder circuit.

Abstract: An image processing device includes a switch signal generator, an amplifier, a ramp generator, and an attenuation control circuit. The switch signal generator generates switch control signals based on a level of an image signal that corresponds to a pixel signal output from a pixel. The amplifier includes a first input terminal and a second input terminal. The ramp generator generates a ramp signal. The attenuation control circuit adjusts an arrangement of capacitors according to the switch control signals to control whether to attenuate each of the pixel signal and the ramp signal, and transmits signals generated as a result of the adjusted arrangement to the first input terminal and the second input terminal.

Abstract: A thermoelectric element is provided as follows. First and second semiconductor fin structures are disposed on a semiconductor substrate. Each semiconductor fin structure extends in a first direction, protruding from the semiconductor substrate. First and second semiconductor nanowires are disposed on the first and second semiconductor fin structures, respectively. The first semiconductor nanowires include first impurities. The second semiconductor nanowires include second impurities different from the first impurities. A first electrode is connected to first ends of the first and second semiconductor nanowires. A second electrode is connected to second ends of the first semiconductor nanowires. A third electrode is connected to second ends of the second semiconductor nanowires.