Abstract: The invention relates to a device for hot dip coating metal strands (1), particularly strip steel, in which the metal strand (1) can be vertically guided through a reservoir (3), which accommodates the molten coating metal (2), and though a guide channel (4) connected upstream therefrom. An electromagnetic inductor (5) is mounted in the area of the guide channel (4) and in order to retain the coating metal (2) inside the reservoir (3), can induce induction currents in the coating metal (2) by means of an electromagnetic blocking field. While interacting with the electromagnetic blocking field, said induction currents exert an electromagnetic force. In order to prevent an intense heating of the metal strand caused by the electromagnetic inductor, the invention provides that the inductor (5, 5a, 5b) is connected to electric power supply means (6) that supply the inductor with an alternating current whose frequency (f) is less than 500 Hz. In particular, a mains frequency of 50 Hz is intended.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1) for the continuous lengthening of a metal strip (2) by traction, said device comprising, in the strip transporting direction (R), at least three S-roll units (3, 4, 5, 6, 7) each provided with at least two rolls (8, 9 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17). According to the invention, the rolls (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17) are positioned in such a way that the metal strip (2) is wound round them at a roll periphery angle (a) of more than 180°, and at least the second S-roll unit (4) in the strip transporting direction (R) comprises two rolls (10, 11) with different-sized diameters (D10, D11).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the marking of materials with coded microparticies, wherein coded microparticles which are obtainable by (i) polymerization of at least one water-soluble monoethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having at least two double bonds in the molecule by inverse water-in-oil suspension polymerization, doped nanoparticles being used as the suspending medium, (ii) emulsion polymerization of water-insoluble monoethylenically unsaturated monomers with from 0 to 10% by weight, based on the monomer mixture, of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having at least two double bonds in the molecule, doped nanopartices being used as an emulsifier for stabilizing the disperse phase, (iii) polymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer together with a copolymerizable dye which has an ethylenically unsaturated double bond, and, if appropriate, agglomeration of these partices or (iv) agglomeration of at

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for coating a metal bar (1), in particular a steel strap by hot dipping consisting in vertically passing the metal bar (1) through a container (2) containing a molten coating metal (3) and through a guiding channel (4) which is connected in series and has a predefined height (H). In order to retain the coating metal (2) in the container (3), an electromagnetic field is produced at the level of said guiding channel (4) by means of at least two inductors (5) which are arranged on two sides of the metal bar (1). In order to calm the coating bath, a predefined volume flow (Q) of the coating metal (2) is directed towards the guiding channel (4) at the level of the vertical extension (H) thereof. The inventive device for coating a metal bar by hot dipping is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for hot-dip coating a metal strand (1), especially a steel strip, in which the metal strand (1) is vertically guided through a container (3) accommodating the molten coating metal (2) and through a guide channel (4) disposed upstream thereof. The inventive device comprises at least two inductors (5) disposed at both sides of the metal strand (1) in the area of the guide channel (4) that are used to generate an electromagnetic field for retaining the coating metal (2) in the container (3), and at least one sensor (6, 6?) for detecting the position (s) of the metal strand (1) in the area of the guide channel (4).

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for hot dip coating a metal bar (1), especially a steel strip, wherein the metal bar (1) is vertically guided through a container (3) receiving the molten coating metal (2) and through a guide channel (4) which is arranged upstream therefrom. A magnet, especially an electromagnetic inductor (5), is arranged in the region of the guide channel, said magnet generating a magnetic field in order to retain the coating metal (2) in the container (3). The container (3) is provided with molten coating metal (2) by a premelt container (6). The invention also relates to a method for hot dip coating wherein said type of device is used. According to the invention, the premelt container (6) is arranged below the guide channel (4) in order to technically adapt the existing system in a simple, efficient manner.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for melt dip coating a metal strip (1), especially a steel strip (1a), which is guided through a coating station (4). The metal strip (1) is coated with a coating metal (3), the metal strip (1) is centrally maintained in a guide channel (8) in an electromagnetic sealing field (13) which seals the guide channel (8) from below and guides the metal strip (1) laterally, counter to ferromagnetic attraction, through a corrector field (14). The sealing field (13) is embodied as an electromagnetic guiding field (10), as a blocking field (11) or as a pump field (12) in order to select adequate lateral sealing when any particular sealing field (13) is used. Several corrector fields (14) are arranged in a distributed manner in a selected configuration, whereby the position and number thereof are determined individually at least according to the various widths of the metal strip (1).

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for hot dip coating a metal bar (1), especially a steel strip, in which the metal bar (1) is directed vertically through a container (3) accommodating the molten coating metal (2) and through a guide channel (4) mounted upstream thereof. The inventive device comprises at least two inductors (5) which are arranged on both sides of the metal bar (1) in the area of the guide channel (4) and generate an electromagnetic field for retaining the coating metal (2) inside the container (3). In order to relax the coating bath, the distance (d) between the walls (6) that delimit the guide channel (4) is not kept constant in a direction (N) extending perpendicular to the surface of the metal strip (1) in the zone (H) of the vertical extension of the guide channel (4), which is located between the bottom side (7) thereof and the bottom area (8) of the container (3).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for hot-dip coating a metal bar (1), particularly a steel strip, according to which at least some sections of the metal bar (1) are vertically directed through a container (3) receiving the molten coating metal (2) at a given conveying speed (v). In order to influence the quality of the coating process, the time (t) during which the metal bar (1) remains in the molten coating metal (2) is predefined by controlling or regulating the surface level (h) of the molten coating metal (2) in the container (3). The invention also relates to a device for hot-dip coating a metal bar.

Abstract: A method of use for holographic optical traps or gradients in which repetitive cycling of a small number of appropriately designed arrays of traps are used for general and very complex manipulations of particles and volumes of matter. Material transport results from a process resembling peristaltic pumping, with the sequence of holographically-defined trapping or holding manifolds resembling the states of a physical peristaltic pump.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for hot-dip coating a metal strand (1), especially a steel strip, according to which the metal strand (1) is vertically guided through a container (3) accommodating the molten coating metal (2) and through a guide channel (4) disposed upstream thereof. An electromagnetic field is generated in the area of the guide channel (4) by means of at least two inductors (5) disposed at both sides of the metal strand (1) to retain the coating material (2) in the container (3). In order to stabilize the metal strand (1) in a center position in the guide channel (4), an electromagnetic field, superimposing the electromagnetic field of the inductors (5), is generated by means of at least two additional coils (6) disposed at both sides of the metal strand (1).

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for hot-dip coating a metal bar (1), particularly a steel strip, in which the metal bar (1) is vertically directed through a container (3) receiving the molten coating metal (2) and a directing channel (4) that is arranged upstream thereof. Said device comprises at least two inductors (5) which are disposed on both sides of the metal bar (1) in the zone of the directing channel (4) and generate an electromagnetic field for retaining the coating metal (2) within the container (3). In order to better control the coating process, the inventive device is characterized by a sealing means (7, 7?) which is arranged above the directing channel (4) in the bottom area (6) of the container (3) and alternatively releases or interrupts the flow of molten coating metal (2) to the metal bar (1) and/or the directing channel (4).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for treating surfaces of metallic strip material (1), especially for pickling rolled material, in a treatment channel (2), with a pickling medium (3) containing acid. Jets (4) are set in the direction in which the strip is transported (5) at the entrance to the channel (2a) and in the opposite direction that in which the strip is transported at the exit of the channel (2b). The aim of the invention is to produce a closed liquid film with some turbulence on the surface of the strip. Said film should be maintained as far as the exit (2b) of the channel. To this end, additional jets (4) between the channel entrance (2a) and the channel exit (2b) are oriented in the opposite direction to the direction in which the strip is transported (5) and the pickling medium (3) is further delayed in flowing out at the channel exit (2b) by mechanical resistance devices (7) situated in the path of the transport channel (6).

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for hot dip coating metal strand (1), particularly strip steel, in which the metal strand (1) can be vertically guided through a reservoir (3), which accommodates the molten coating metal (2), and though a guide channel (4) connected upstream therefrom. An electromagnetic inductor (5) is mounted in the area of the guide channel (4) and in order to retain the coating metal (2) inside the reservoir (3), can induce induction currents in the coating metal (2) by an electromagnetic traveling field. While interacting with the electromagnetic traveling field, the induction currents exert an electromagnetic force. The inductor (5) has at least two main coils (6) that are arranged in succession in movement direction (X) of the metal strand (1), and has at least two correction coils (7) for controlling the position of the metal strand (1) inside the guide channel (4) in direction (N), which is normal to the surface of the metal strand (1).

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for hot dip coating metal strands (1), particularly strip steel, in which the metal strand (1) can be vertically guided through a reservoir (3), which accommodates the molten coating metal (2), and though a guide channel (4) connected upstream therefrom. An electromagnetic inductor (5) is mounted in the area of the guide channel (4) and in order to retain the coating metal (2) inside the reservoir (3), can induce induction currents in the coating metal (2) by means of an electromagnetic blocking field. While interacting with the electromagnetic blocking field, said induction currents exert an electromagnetic force. In order to prevent an intense heating of the metal strand caused by the electromagnetic inductor, the invention provides that the inductor (5, 5a, 5b) is connected to electric power supply means (6) that supply the inductor with an alternating current whose frequency (f) is less than 500 Hz. In particular, a mains frequency of 50 Hz is intended.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for tension levelling a cold-rolled strip, whereby the strip passes through a series of break rolls and a series of traction rolls and in the course of its extension is subjected to traction between the two series of rolls. The strip is bent under traction in a series of high-traction rolls, located between the brake roll and the traction roll series, in order to increase the degree of levelling. To achieve this, the series of high-traction rolls between the brake and the traction rolls has at least two traction rolls for generating the strip traction and bending operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for hot dip coating metal strands (1), particularly strip steel, in which the metal strand (1) can be vertically guided through a reservoir (3), which accommodates the molten coating metal (2), and though a guide channel (4) connected upstream therefrom. An electromagnetic inductor (5) is mounted in the area of the guide channel (4) and in order to retain the coating metal (2) inside the reservoir (3), can induce induction currents in the coating metal (2) by means of an electromagnetic traveling field. While interacting with the electromagnetic traveling field, said induction currents exert an electromagnetic force. The inductor (5) has at least two main coils (6) that are arranged in succession in movement direction (X) of the metal strand (1), and has at least two correction coils (7) for controlling the position of the metal strand (1) inside the guide channel (4) in direction (N), which is normal to the surface of the metal strand (1).

Abstract: A method of use for holographic optical traps or gradients in which repetitive cycling of a small number of appropriately designed arrays of traps are used for general and very complex manipulations of particles and volumes of matter. Material transport results from a process resembling peristaltic pumping, with the sequence of holographically-defined trapping or holding manifolds resembling the states of a physical peristaltic pump.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for coating metal strip, particularly cold-rolled steel strip, with a coating metal which is in the molten state. The metal strip is heated and annealed in a heating furnace and subsequently the required strip temperature and surface properties are adjusted in a cooling zone. The strip is conducted through a coating container and, following the coating container in strip pulling direction, the coating metal thickness and the solidification process are controlled by a gas-operated stripping device. The operating gas for the stripping device is preheated in a partial area of the cooling zone of the heating furnace.

Abstract: A method of use for holographic optical traps or gradients in which repetitive cycling of a small number of appropriately designed arrays of traps are used for general and very complex manipulations of particles and volumes of matter. Material transport results from a process resembling peristaltic pumping, with the sequence of holographically-defined trapping or holding manifolds resembling the states of a physical peristaltic pump.