Abstract: An apparatus for the chemical metallization of open-pored foams, nonwovens, needle felts of plastic material or similar textile material, in particular those having a porosity of 45 to 98%, has three processing stations. The first processing station is a laying station, the second is a chemical metallization station and the third is a centrifugal station. The material of the substrate webs treated in the apparatus is made of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, polyester or aminoplasts.

Abstract: A process for washing and rinsing substrate sheets, in particular of nonwoven fabric or needle-punched felt sheets, is used after previously carried out activation and electroless chemical metallization. The pores or the surfaces of the substrate sheets are adequately freed from the salt residues of the metallizing solution. In this process, the textile material is wound spirally onto the rotor of a drum, and the washing or rinsing water is fed into the textile material via a hollow shaft of the rotor. The washing, rinsing, and spinning operations proceed in one apparatus, resulting in an appreciable savings in the amounts of water supplied. The entire washing and spinning operations in the drum lends itself to complete automation.

Abstract: An electroplating rack for the electrochemical surface treatment of metallic substrates or metallized plastic substrates is described. The metallic rack is, moreover, covered with an insulating layer of enamel, contact points being left bare at which the substrate to be treated is connected in an electrically conducting manner to the rack during the electroplating process.

Abstract: A process is described for the chemical metallization of textile fibers or textile fibrous structures by treating the textile fibrous structure with an activating solution, removing excess activating agent, and without any further intermediate treatment, bringing the fiber into contact with a chemical metallizing solution.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the chemical metallization of sheetlike textile substrates, in particular, of non-woven or needle felt webs, in which the substrates are activated and subsequently electrolessly metallized in a reductant-containing metallization solution in a horizontal attitude or at an angle of up to 20.degree. with the horizontal. The hydrogen which appears as a by-product in the course of the metallization can, as a result, escape particularly simply and rapidly from the substrate, so that uniform metallization of the fibers of the substrate can take place across the entire thickness of the substrate.

Abstract: An electrolyte glass for use as the solid electrolyte in high-temperature galvanic batteries, for example a sodium-sulfur battery. The glass electrolyte has relatively low resistivity and high corrosion resistance and is easily worked by glass manufacturing techniques. The composition of the glass electrolyte according to the invention is defined by xNa.sub.2 O.multidot.ySiO.sub.2 .multidot.zAl.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: A sodium-sulfur battery in which the sulfur or sulfur-containing positive electrode material is contained in a number of sealed tubes made from a sodium ion-conducting glass electrolyte. The tubes are placed and electrically conducted in parallel and immersed in the sodium constituting the negative electrode. Each of the capillary tubes contains a sealed-in electrical contact wire which passes through an appropriate closure plate to constitute the positive pole of the battery. A number of embodiments is described. The invention also describes the method of construction of the battery.