Abstract: A method for determining a transmission direction for a communication of a network component of a radio communications network may include: determining a reference transmission direction based on a plurality of predetermined transmission directions that a network component of a radio communications network is configured to transmit at; selecting a plurality of candidate transmission directions in a spatial vicinity of the reference transmission direction, the plurality of candidate transmission directions being a subset of the plurality of predetermined transmission directions; and selecting a transmission direction for a communication of the network component from the reference transmission direction and the plurality of candidate transmission directions based on a selection criterion.

Abstract: A method includes receiving at a receiver circuit a composite signal including non-interfered data resource elements and interfered data resource elements from a plurality of radio cells, and determining a first mutual information metric based on the non-interfered data resource elements. The method further includes determining a second mutual information metric based on the interfered data resource elements, and determining effective mutual information based on a combination of the first mutual information metric and the second mutual information metric.

Abstract: A method for determining a transmission direction for a communication of a network component of a radio communications network may include: determining a reference transmission direction based on a plurality of predetermined transmission directions that a network component of a radio communications network is configured to transmit at; selecting a plurality of candidate transmission directions in a spatial vicinity of the reference transmission direction, the plurality of candidate transmission directions being a subset of the plurality of predetermined transmission directions; and selecting a transmission direction for a communication of the network component from the reference transmission direction and the plurality of candidate transmission directions based on a selection criterion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for masking a semiconductor substrate including the following steps: providing a planar semiconductor substrate having a first side and a second side lying opposite thereto, applying a mask to at least one of the sides, an extrusion printing method being used for applying the mask.

Abstract: A method for the production of a contact structure of a semiconductor component comprises the masking of at least one side of a semiconductor substrate with a coating and the partial removal thereof in at least one pre-determined region.

Abstract: A method of monitoring a surveillance area with sensors of a monitoring system has the steps of extracting from signals of the sensors elements of the surveillance area and attributes allocated to the elements, initially deriving text attributes from the attributes extracted from the sensor and allocating the same to the elements, and storing the elements and their attributes in a memory device.

Abstract: A semiconductor component, especially a solar cell comprises a semiconductor substrate of a planar design having a first side and a second side lying opposite thereto, at least one contact structure arranged on at least one side of the semiconductor substrate, the at least one contact structure exhibiting a diffusion barrier to prevent the diffusion of ions from the contact structure into the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A device for determination of the frequency discrepancy (105) between a mobile radio and a base station which is transmitting a sequence of symbols, having a unit (6-11) for calculation of terms, with one term being formed from two symbols in the sequence received by the mobile radio, and in which case the phase difference of the two symbols can be determined from the term, a unit (14, 15) for formation of groups from the terms, with one term being assigned to one group on the basis of features of the symbols on which it is based, and a unit (39) for calculation of the discrepancy (105) on the basis of a group.

Abstract: A semiconductor component, in particular in the form of a solar cell, comprises a two-dimensional semiconductor substrate with a first side, a second side which is arranged opposite thereto, a surface normal which is perpendicular to said first and second sides, and a plurality of recesses which are at least arranged on the second side and extend in the direction of the surface normal, at least one dielectric passivation layer which is arranged on the second side, an electrically conducting contact layer arranged on the passivation layer, a plurality of contact elements for electrically connecting the contact layer with the semiconductor substrate, which contact elements are electrically conductive, are in electrically conducting connection with both the semiconductor substrate and with the contact layer, fill at least 50%, in particular at least 90%, preferably 100% of in each case one of the recesses, project beyond the recesses with a projection in the direction perpendicular to the surface normal and are

Abstract: In various embodiments, a solar cell connector electrode may include a multiplicity of electrically conductive solar cell connector elements arranged alongside one another; and a plurality of electrically non-conductive and isolated from one another, planar elements on which the electrically conductive solar cell connector elements are arranged. Solar cell connector element isolating locations are provided in regions on the planar elements, such that, by means of a respective solar cell connector element isolating location, a respectively electrically conductive solar cell connector element is divided into a plurality of, preferably two, solar cell connector partial elements electrically isolated from one another.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a solar cell is provided. The solar cell may include a base region doped with dopant of a first doping type; an emitter region doped with dopant of a second doping type, wherein the second doping type is opposite to the first doping type; a plurality of regions in the emitter region having an increased dopant concentration of the second doping type compared with the emitter region; and a plurality of metallic soldering pads, wherein each soldering pad is at least partially arranged on a region having an increased dopant concentration.

Abstract: A transmitter is configured to transmit a transmit signal modulated according to a first modulation scheme, the first modulation scheme being associated with a set of first constellation points. The transmitter transmits at least a part of the transmit signal based on a subset of the first constellation points, wherein the subset of first constellation points approximates second constellation points of a set of second constellation points associated with a second modulation scheme. The first and second modulation schemes are different from one another.

Abstract: Method for producing semiconductor components with a contact structure having a high aspect ratio comprising the following steps: providing an essentially plane semiconductor substrate having a first side and a second side, applying a mask onto at least a first partial area on at least one of the sides of the semiconductor substrate and applying a contact structure onto at least a second partial area, which is different from first partial area, on at least one of the sides of semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: An electrode for electrically connecting two photovoltaic cells is provided. Each photovoltaic cell may include a plurality of lamellar electrically conductive surface regions. The electrode may include a plurality of electrically conductive wires extending adjacent to one other; and a stabilizing structure coupled to the plurality of electrically conductive wires such that the space between the electrically conductive wires to one another is defined until the plurality of electrically conductive wires has been fixed on the plurality of lamellar electrically conductive surface regions of a photovoltaic cell.

Abstract: A method for the production of a contact structure of a solar cell allows p-contacts and n-contacts to be produced simultaneously.

Abstract: A device for calculating an overall frequency-offset estimate from a plurality of frequency-offset estimates includes a receiver unit configured to receive a plurality of data streams, a phase shift estimation unit configured to generate a phase shift quantity representative of a phase shift over a number of consecutive data samples in the respective data stream, and a phase shift processing unit coupled to the phase shift estimation unit and configured to calculate a quantity related to the signal-to-noise ratio associated with a data stream on the basis of the respective phase shift quantity. Further, the device includes a frequency-offset estimation unit configured to generate frequency-offset estimates associated with the respective data streams, and a combiner configured to calculate an overall frequency-offset estimate on the basis of the frequency-offset estimates and on the basis of the quantities related to the signal-to-noise ratios.

Abstract: An emitter wrap-through solar cell may include a semiconductor substrate having a first side, and a second side opposite the first side, contact structures having at least one emitter contact, and at least one base contact, wherein both the at least one emitter contact and the at least one base contact are arranged on the second side of the semiconductor substrate, and the contact structures have a metallization having nickel silicide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for masking a semiconductor substrate comprising the following steps: providing a planar semiconductor substrate having a first side and a second side lying opposite thereto, applying a mask to at least one of the sides, an extrusion printing method being envisaged for applying the mask.

Abstract: A method for producing a semiconductor component with an easily solderable contact structure comprising the provision of a semiconductor substrate of a planar design with a first side, a second side, a surface normal standing vertically thereon, a dielectric passivation layer arranged on at least one of the sides and a first contact layer arranged on passivation layer, the application, at least in some areas, of at least one second contact layer onto the first contact layer, the at least one second contact layer comprising at least a partial layer made of an easily solderable metal, especially of nickel and/or silver and/or tin and/or a compound thereof, and the making of an electrically conductive contact between the second contact layer and the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor component comprising a substrate with a first side and a second side a multi-layer contact structure arranged on at least one side of the substrate, the contact structure exhibiting a barrier layer to prevent the diffusion of ions from the side of barrier layer opposite to the substrate into the substrate.